[Mid-Term Results of Unicompartmental Knee Replacement Using Oxford Phase III System]. / Strednedobé výsledky unikompartmentální kolenní náhrady Oxford Phase III.

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY Partial knee replacement appears to be an appropriate surgical solution of unicompartmental knee joint osteoarthritis in correctly indicated cases. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the mid-term outcomes of unicondylar knee replacement using the Oxford Phase III system in the group of patients treated by the First Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, St. Anne s University Hospital Brno. MATERIAL AND METHODS The prospective study evaluated 47 patients (in 4 patients bilaterally) after the Oxford unicompartmental knee replacement performed between 2011 and 2016. The patients were evaluated using the Knee Society Score (KSS), Oxford Knee Score (OKS) and radiological examination performed at 7.3 years after surgery on average. All the patients were operated on by the same surgeon. RESULTS Based on the questionnaires and the clinical examination, the clinical and functional status was assessed, using the Knee Society Score (KSS). The mean preoperative KSS and FS values were 59.8 and 56.5, respectively. The postoperative KSS and FS values were 91.2 and 83.4. The mean preoperative value of the Oxford Knee Score (OKS) was 27.3. Postoperatively the values reached 40.7 on average. Based on the radiological examination, the lower limb correction of axis in the frontal plane was assessed. The mean axis correction was 3.1°. The mean tibial component slope measured on lateral radiograph was 82.7°. The basic analysis of X-rays did not reveal any component malposition. The implant survival rate was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier cumulative survival curve. In our group of patients, the mean survival rate of Oxford Phase III unicondylar knee replacement at 7.3 years postoperatively is 98.0%. DISCUSSION Many studies have reported excellent results of unicondylar knee replacement and a long survival rate of over 90%. Still debated, however, are the indication criteria and also the importance of the surgeon s experience and mastery of the surgical technique. CONCLUSIONS The results of the study confirm our excellent clinical experience and the survival rate of 98% at the mean follow up of 7.3 years after surgery shows great promise for quality long-term results. Overall, crucial for the success of UKR continues to be the compliance with the indication criteria for surgery. The choice of the type of implant and, last but not least, the correct surgical technique and postoperative rehabilitation programme are also important. Key words: unicompartmental knee replacement, Oxford Phase III, osteoarthritis of the knee.

[Intramedullary Nailing in Managing Diaphyseal Metastases of Long Bones: Retrospective Study Comparing the Expected Survival and the Actual Survival of Patients]. / Intramedulární hreb v lécbe metastatického postizení diafýz dlouhých kostí: retrospektivní studie s ohledem na srovnání prognózy doby dozití a reálné prezití pacientu.

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY The paper focuses on the potential use of nail osteosynthesis in diaphyseal metastases of long bones. The purpose of the paper is to assess the outcomes of intramedullary osteosynthesis in pathologic and impending pathologic fractures, to evaluate patient survival and potential complications. MATERIAL AND METHODS The retrospective study evaluated a cohort of 42 patients (19 men and 23 women) in whom intramedullary osteosynthesis was performed for complete pathologic fracture (28 patients) or impending pathologic fracture (14 patients) between 2010 and 2019. Of the total number of 42 patients, 31 patients' lower limbs were affected, namely by 17 pathologic fractures and 14 impending fractures. There were 11 humerus fractures. The mean age was 61.8 years (range 41-84 years). In the followed-up cohort, the patient survival after osteosynthesis with intramedullary nails, complications occurred and post-operative mobility of the patient were assessed. The functional outcomes were evaluated using the Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) scoring system. The unpaired Mann-Whitney test was used to test the significance of the difference in functional outcomes and survival between the followed-up groups. Survival longer than 6 months was evaluated using Fisher's exact test. The level of statistical significance used for the test was p 0.05. RESULTS The investigated indicator was patient survival, which was 11.3 months (range 1-50 months) on average. In the group of impending fractures, the mean survival was 13.5 months. In the group of pathologic fractures, the survival was 10 months. The functional outcome in 16 followed-up patients at three months after intramedullary osteosynthesis according to the MSTS score was 46.9% (30-66.7%). At the level of significance of p 0.05, the statistically significant difference in the functional outcomes between the group with preventive intramedullary osteosynthesis and the group with nail osteosynthesis of the pathologic fracture was not confirmed (p=0.952). When comparing the patient survival after nail osteosynthesis with impending pathologic fracture and the survival of patients with pathologic fracture, a statistically significant difference in survival between these two groups (p=0.520) was not confirmed. The patient survival of longer than 6 months was 71% in the group of impending fractures and 40% in the group of pathologic fractures. DISCUSSION The occurrence of pathologic fracture is associated with increased pain, loss of function, and according to some authors, a higher risk of death. Surgical treatment options include intramedullary osteosynthesis, plate osteosynthesis with cement filling, implantation of an intercalary spacer, and implantation of tumor endoprostheses. When deciding on a surgical procedure, an account is taken of the expected survival of the patient. In patients with an expected survival of up to 6 months, intramedullary osteosynthesis is indicated as a palliative surgical intervention. The most common complications include implant failure and metastatic progression. CONCLUSIONS Intramedullary osteosynthesis is the method of choice in treating pathologic fractures or impending pathologic diaphyseal fractures of long bones in patients with an expected predicted survival of up to 6 months. Intramedullary osteosynthesis aims to reduce pain and enable early verticalization. The study confirmed the importance of preventive intramedullary osteosynthesis and its effect on survival compared to the survival of patients with a pathologic fracture. Key words: skeletal metastases, diaphyseal metastases, intramedullary osteosynthesis, pathologic fracture, impending fracture.

[Use of the anatomical cemented femoral stem SAS I: mid-term results]. / Zkusenosti s cementovaným anatomicky tvarovaným dríkem SAS I - strednedobé výsledky.

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY In view of increasing interest in a relationship between the surface of an implant and its behaviour and longevity in total hip arthroplasty (THA), the aim of this study is to present the clinical and radiographic results, as well as complications, of hip replacement surgery using the cemented femoral stem SAS I. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 298 cemented femoral stems SAS I were implanted in 275 patients at our department between 1996 and 2005. The patient average age was 72.1 years, with the range from 64 to 92 years. The pre-operative diagnoses were as follows: primary osteoarthritis in 179 (30.1%); post-dysplastic osteoarthritis in 41 (13.7%); femoral neck fracture in 44 (14.8%); avascular necrosis of the femoral head in 23 (7.7%); rheumatoid arthritis in nine (3%) and other causes in two (0.7%) patients. Of the 275 patients who had the surgery, 186 (204 THAs) underwent clinical and X-ray examination at an average follow-up of 11.5 years (range, 8 to 17 years). The clinical results were used to calculate the Harris hip score and radiographic evaluation was based on antero-posterior views. RESULTS The group of 186 assessed patients (204 THAs) comprised 106 women and 80 men, who were on average 85.4 years old on evaluation (range, 72 to 92 years). Of the remaining patients, 62 patients (64 THAs) died from causes unrelated to the surgery and 27 patients (30 THAs) were lost to follow-up. The functional outcome of surgery assessed by the Harris hip score was excellent in 61 (32.8%), good in 94 (50.5%), satisfactory in 26 (14%) and poor in five (2.7%) patients. The 93.1% SAS I stem longevity was recorded in relation to aseptic loosening; reimplantation for this indication was performed in 14 THAs. No revision surgery for failure due to valgus/varus deviations of the stem was carried out. Of the 204 hips, 188 had femoral stems aligned in neutral, 12 (5.9%) in valgus and four (2%) in varus positions. DISCUSSION The anatomical femoral stem SAS I is an implant made to fit the proximal femur anatomy. Its highly polished surface allows for optimal fitting with the supporting bone and for even distribution of weight bearing. This results in a low rate of THA failure. In accordance with the relevant literature, the acetabular components is considered to be the weakest element in total hip replacement in terms of aseptic loosening and implant failure. At present, the SAS I stem has no Morse Eurocone taper and this is the chief obstacle hindering its more frequent use in endoprosthetics. CONCLUSIONS The results of our study are in agreement with those of other successfully implanted polished cemented femoral components. Key words: anatomical cemented femoral component, surface adjustment of the femoral stem, complications.