Effects of photobiomodulation in salivary glands of chronic kidney disease patients on hemodialysis.

This randomized placebo-controlled trial evaluates the impact of photobiomodulation (PBMT) on the salivary flow and biochemistry of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) on hemodialysis. Forty-four patients on hemodialysis self-responded two questionnaires for oral health and salivary gland function perception. The subjects were evaluated for function of salivary glands and randomly allocated to two groups: PBMT group (three irradiations at 808 nm, 100 mW, 142 J/cm2, and 4 J per site); and placebo group. Patients were submitted to non-stimulated and stimulated sialometry and after the treatment at baseline and 14 days. Salivary volume and biochemical of the saliva were analyzed. At baseline, most subjects had self-perception of poor oral health (52.6%) and salivary dysfunction (63.1%). Clinical exam revealed that 47.3% of subjects presented dry mucosa. PBMT promoted increase of the non-stimulated (p = 0.027) and stimulated saliva (p = 0.014) and decrease of urea levels in both non-stimulated (p = 0.0001) and stimulated saliva (p = 0.0001). No alteration was detected in total proteins and calcium analysis. Patients with kidney disease can present alteration in flow, concentrations, and composition of saliva, affecting oral health, but our findings suggest that PBMT is effective to improve hyposalivation and urea levels in saliva of patients with CKD.

Evaluation of photobiomodulation in the salivary production of patients with hyposalivation induced by antihypertensive drugs - A blind, randomized, controlled clinical trial.

BACKGROUND: Arterial hypertension is a systemic condition that affects about 35% of the world population. The drugs that are used for its control can produce hyposalivation. This work evaluated the effect of photobiomodulation on salivary flow rate, salivary pH, total protein concentration, and calcium concentration in individuals using antihypertensive medications. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 41 subjects were randomly allocated in one of two groups: control (placebo) and photobiomodulation. The subjects had their salivary glands (20 sites) irradiated with a laser emitting at 808 nm, 4J/site once a week for 4 weeks and had their salivary flow measured before and after the whole treatment. RESULTS: The intragroup analysis (before and after treatment) shows a significant difference for both non-stimulated and stimulated salivary flow in the photobiomodulation group (p = 0.0007 and p = 0.0001, respectively). Comparing the placebo with the photobiomodulation group, significant differences were found for both non-stimulated (p = 0.0441) and stimulated salivary flow (p = 0.0441) after the treatment. No significant differences were found in pH, total protein concentration, calcium concentration. CONCLUSION: Despite the usage of drugs that influence the nervous system and typically result in a reduction of saliva production, photobiomodulation demonstrated a remarkable ability to enhance saliva production by a significant 75%.

Evaluation of photobiomodulation in salivary production of patients with xerostomy induced by anti-hypertensive drugs: Study protocol clinical trial (SPIRIT compliant).

INTRODUCTION: Hypertension (systemic arterial hypertension [SAH]) is a systemic condition that affects about 30% of the world population, according to data from the World Health Organization (WHO). Drugs used to control this disease have the potential to induce xerostomia, an oral condition in which the decrease of the salivary flow is observed and whose presence leads to the increase of the index of caries, periodontal disease, loss of the teeth, dysgeusia, difficulty of mastication, dysphagia, bad breath and oral burning and impairment of prothesis installed in the buccal cavity, including retention of removable and total dentures. METHODS: This is a randomized, placebo-controlled, blind clinical protocol that aims to analyze the impact of phobiomodulation (PBM) on salivary glands of patients with antihypertensive drug induced xerostomia. Patients will be divided into 2 groups: G1: older adults with xerostomia induced by antihypertensive drugs and treatment with PBM (n = 30); G2: placebo PBM (n = 30). The irradiation will be made using a diode laser emitting at 808 nm with 100 mW and 40 seconds of exposure per site at the salivary glands. Twenty sites will be irradiated weekly for 4 weeks. Non-stimulated and stimulated salivary flow will be analyzed before and after the treatment. RESULTS: This protocol will determine the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy regarding the reduction of xerostomia in older adults using antihypertensive drugs. CONCLUSION: This protocol will determine the effectiveness of photodynamic therapy regarding the reduction of xerostomia in older adults using antihypertensive drugs. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinicaltrials.gov - NCT03632096.

MICROCEFALIA E A ODONTOLOGIA BRASILEIRA / MICROCEFALIA AND THE BRAZILIAN DENTISTRY / LA MICROCEFALIA Y ODONTOLOGÍA BRASILEÑA

Objetivos: alertar os cirugiões-dentistas para os problemas bucais das crianças com microcefalia no Brasil. Métodos: estudo reflexivo, realizado em setembro de 2016, tendo como alvo crianças com microcefalia, suas alterações sistêmicas e bucais e a complexidade no atendimento odontológico a partir de dados adquiridos através de referências bibliográficas. Resultados: os últimos estudos apontam que as crianças com microcefalia no Brasil possuem inúmeras alterações bucais englobando desde doenças periodontais a traumatismos dentais, impondo novos desafios para a assistência odontológica. Considerações finais: diante do surgimento de novos casos de crianças com Microcefalia, faz-se necessário chamar a atenção dos cirurgiões-dentistas e demais membros da equipe de saúde sobre os cuidados com essas crianças, quanto aos problemas bucais mais frequentes e quanto a necessidade de um correto manuseio de técnica e condução adequada de cada caso, que inclui não somente a criança, mas também seus familiares.

Objective: to alert professionals to the oral problems of children with microcephaly in Brazil. Method: reflective study, conducted in September 2016, targeting children with microcephaly, their oral changes and complexity in dental care from data acquired through bibliographic references. Results: the latest studies indicate that children with microcephaly in Brazil have numerous oral alterations ranging from periodontal diseases to dental traumatisms, imposing new challenges for dental care. Final considerations: in the face of the emergence of new cases of children with Microcephaly, it is necessary to draw the attention of dentists and other members of the health team about the care with these children, the most frequent oral problems and the need for a correct handling of technique And appropriate handling of each case, which includes not only the child, but also their families.

Objetivo: alertar a los profesionales a los problemas dentales de los niños con microcefalia en Brasil. Método: estudio reflexivo, realizado en septiembre de 2016, dirigida a los niños con microcefalia, los cambios en la boca y la complejidad en la atención dental de los datos adquiridos a través de referencias. Resultados: los últimos estudios muestran que los niños con microcefalia en Brasil tienen varias enmiendas orales que abarcan desde los traumatismos dentales enfermedad periodontal, imponiendo nuevos retos para cuidado dental. Consideraciones finales: antes de la aparición de nuevos casos de niños con microcefalia, es necesario llamar la atención de los dentistas y otros miembros del equipo de salud sobre el cuidado de estos niños, ya que los problemas dentales más frecuentes y, como la necesidad de un manejo técnico correcto y adecuado desarrollo de las actuaciones, que incluye no sólo al niño sino también a sus familias.

Método de estabilização do paciente com distúbio neuromotor / Patient stabilization method

Nos dois casos clínicos apresentados, o sucesso obtido com o uso do módulo sob todos os pontos de vista foi total, sendo que os custos também foram diminuídos em todos os sentidos - locomoções/transporte, centro cirúrgico e número de sessões.

Plano de tratamento em paciente portador de Síndrome Stickler: relato de caso clínico / Treatment plan in patients with Stickler Syndrome: clinical case report

Os autores relatam um caso clínico acerca da Síndrome, dando ênfase à dificuldade de diagnóstico e a elaboraçäo de um plano de tratamento, relacionado com o estabelecimento de um vínculo profissional-paciente

Aspectos bucais no envelhecimento: um olhar à pessoa idosa com deficiência mental / Oral aspects in the aging: an approach to the old person with mental deficiency

Envelhecimento ainda significa exclusão. Por isso os idosos dão à sua idade significação de doença, inatividade e improdutividade, isolando-se do mundo por acreditar, que nada tem a oferecer nesta fase da vida. A deficiência mental igualmente é sinônimo de incapacidade e inabilidade, e seus portadores também são excluídos da sociedade. Da mesma forma que a sociedade está se preparando para incluir estes indivíduos, os cirurgiões-dentistas devem estar atentos às necessidades que este grupo traz ao dia-a-dia da clínica odontológica