Low-molecular-weight heparin for prevention of preeclampsia and other placenta-mediated complications: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Evidence on the impact of low-molecular-weight heparin, alone or in combination with low-dose aspirin, for the prevention for preeclampsia in high-risk patients is conflicting. OBJECTIVE: We conducted a meta-analysis of studies published to assess the effectiveness of low-molecular-weight heparin for the prevention of preeclampsia and other placenta-related complications in high-risk women. DATA SOURCES: A systematic search was performed to identify relevant studies, using the databases PubMed and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, without publication time restrictions. STUDY ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA: Randomized controlled trials comparing treatment with low-molecular-weight heparin or unfractionated heparin (with or without low-dose aspirin), in high-risk women, defined as either history of preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, fetal demise, or miscarriage or being at high risk after first-trimester screening of preeclampsia. STUDY APPRAISAL AND SYNTHESIS METHODS: The systematic review was conducted according to the Cochrane Handbook guidelines. The primary outcome was the development of preeclampsia. We performed prespecified subgroup analyses according to combination with low-dose aspirin, low-molecular-weight heparin type, gestational age when treatment was started, and study population (patients with thrombophilia, at high risk of preeclampsia or miscarriage). Secondary outcomes included small for gestational age, perinatal death, miscarriage, and placental abruption. Pooled odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals were calculated using a random-effects model. Quality of evidence was assessed using the grading of recommendations assessment, development, and evaluation methodology. RESULTS: A total of 15 studies (2795 participants) were included. In high-risk women, treatment with low-molecular-weight heparin was associated with a reduction in the development of preeclampsia (odds ratio, 0.62; 95% confidence interval, 0.43-0.90; P=.010); small for gestational age (odds ratio, 0.61; 95% confidence interval, 0.44-0.85; P=.003), and perinatal death (odds ratio, 0.49; 95% confidence interval, 0.25-0.94; P=.030). This reduction was stronger if low-molecular-weight heparin was started before 16 weeks' gestation (13 studies, 2474 participants) for preeclampsia (odds ratio, 0.55; 95% confidence interval, 0.39-0.76; P=.0004). When only studies including low-dose aspirin as an intervention were analyzed (6 randomized controlled trials, 920 participants), a significant reduction was observed in those with combined treatment (low-molecular-weight heparin plus low-dose aspirin) compared with low-dose aspirin alone (odds ratio, 0.62; 95% confidence interval, 0.41-0.95; P=.030). Overall, adverse events were neither serious nor significantly different. Quality of evidence ranged from very low to moderate, mostly because of the lack of blinding, imprecision, and inconsistency. CONCLUSION: Low-molecular-weight heparin use was associated with a significant reduction in the risk of preeclampsia and other placenta-mediated complications in high-risk women and when treatment was started before 16 weeks' gestation. Combined treatment with low-dose aspirin was associated with a significant reduction in the risk of preeclampsia compared with low-dose aspirin alone. However, there exists important clinical and statistical heterogeneity, and therefore, these results merit confirmation in large well-designed clinical trials.

TLR4 and TLR9 polymorphisms are not associated with either rheumatoid arthritis or systemic lupus erythematosus in Mexican patients.

Toll-like receptor (TLR)-mediated signaling pathways induce a proinflammatory microenvironment to eradicate pathogens. However, in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), TLRs can promote chronic inflammation. It has been shown that some TLR4 and TLR9 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) are risk factors for RA and SLE, but these findings have not been replicated in all populations; thus, results are inconclusive. We evaluated the TLR4 Asp299Gly, Thr399Ile, - 1892G/A SNPs, and the TLR9 Pro545Pro SNP to assess potential associations with RA and SLE in Mexican patients. This study included 474 patients with RA, 283 patients with SLE, and 424 healthy controls. We used a 5' nuclease allelic discrimination assay to genotype individuals for the four TLR4 and TLR9 polymorphisms. We found that the genotype or allelic frequencies of the TLR4 Asp299Gly, Thr399Ile, - 1892G/A, and TLR9 Pro545Pro polymorphisms were similar between patients and controls. We found no association under different genetic models. A haplotype analysis of TLR4 showed no association with either RA or SLE. We found no significant differences in the allelic or genotypic frequencies of TLR4 Asp299Gly, Thr399IIe, - 1892G/A, or TLR9 Pro545Pro between patients and controls. These findings suggested that these variants are not risk factors for RA or SLE in Mexican patients.

Preliminary experience of an expert panel using Triangle Wound Assessment for the evaluation of chronic wounds.

OBJECTIVE: Wound assessment is an essential part of wound management and has traditionally focused on the wound bed. The Triangle of Wound Assessment (Triangle) is a new assessment tool that includes a holistic evaluation of the patient with a wound. The aim of this pilot study was to describe the use of the Triangle in our clinical practice in Spain. METHODS: Prospective, consecutive patients, male and female, over 18 years old, with wounds of any aetiology and duration, who attended the centres involved in the study, were recruited between May and June 2017. The TWA was used during the first presentation, to assess the wound bed, edge and periwound skin. The study's expert panel met to discuss the results collected by the assessment, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of the system. RESULTS: We recruited 90 patients. Non-viable tissue (necrotic/sloughy) was recorded in 57.8% of the patients, elevated exudate (medium/high) in 52.2%. Approximately 25% of the patients had signs or symptoms of local infection. Maceration was the most prevalent issue recorded on the wound edge and periwound skin assessment, affecting 31.1% and 30.0% of the patients, respectively. The presence of hyperkeratosis was high for the study population as the main aeitologies of the wounds identified here were DFU. CONCLUSIONS: The implementation of Triangle Wound Assessment could help in the holistic approach to patient care by focusing on more than local wound care, identifying barriers to achieving wound healing and evaluating wound response and patient compliance.

Dual neoadjuvant blockade plus chemotherapy versus monotherapy for the treatment of women with non-metastatic HER2-positive breast cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: We aimed to determine the effect of dual anti-HER2 blockade compared to monotherapy on clinically important outcomes. METHODS: We carried out a systematic review updated until July 2022. The outcomes included pathological complete response (pCR), clinical response, event-free survival, and overall survival. RESULTS: We identified eleven randomized clinical trials (2836 patients). When comparing paclitaxel plus dual treatment versus paclitaxel plus trastuzumab or lapatinib, dual treatment was associated with a higher probability of achieving a pathological complete response (OR 2.88, 95% CI 2.02-4.10). Addition of a taxane to an anthracycline plus cyclophosphamide and fluorouracil, plus lapatinib or trastuzumab, showed that the dual treatment was better than lapatinib alone (OR 2.47, 95% CI 1.41-4.34), or trastuzumab alone (OR 1.89, 95% CI 1.13-3.16). Dual treatment may result in an increase in survival outcomes and tumour clinical response, although such benefits are not consistent for all the combinations studied. CONCLUSIONS: The use of dual blockade with combinations of trastuzumab and pertuzumab can be recommended for the neoadjuvant treatment of women with HER2-positive breast cancer. PROSPERO Registration number: CRD42018110273.

Breaking difficult news in a cross-cultural setting: a qualitative study about Latina mothers of children with down syndrome.

Giving difficult news to patients represents a common dilemma for health care professionals. Based on three decades of research, various authors have proposed guidelines outlining the ideal setting, delivery, and timing. Existing publications focus on patients of European descent and may not be applicable in cross-cultural settings. We explored perceptions of Spanish-speaking mothers who have a child with Down syndrome and how they preferred to receive the news of their child's diagnosis. We conducted semi-structured qualitative interviews (n = 14), which were coded and analyzed by thematic networks to identify common themes. Six significant themes emerged: Cultural Belief System, Communication, Support/Lack of Support, Feelings Engendered, Medical Issues, and Medical System. One overarching theme of mother-child bonding encompassed all sub-themes. The mothers desired the news in a more positive, balanced light and with more complete explanations about the condition. Mothers felt excluded from the diagnostic process and wanted to be better informed about the need for diagnostic studies. Participants used religious beliefs to explain the reason for their child's condition. Many factors influenced Latina mothers' ability to bond initially with their children with Down syndrome. Ideally, these factors should be acknowledged during informing interviews to assist Latino families in adjustment.

[Cost-effectiveness of a TLC-NOSF polyurethane foam dressing]. / Coste-Efectividad de un apósito de espuma de poliuretano con TLC-NOSF.

Chronic wounds represent a drain on the Spanish health system, nowdays is necessary an optimization of the resources used and that is for this that is necessary justify the use of the products over others through cost-effective studies for to show the economic benefit to professionals and the life quality of patient. This article compares the use of a new technology for format polyurethane foam, TLC-NOSF, with the most commonly used products for treating wounds. This comparison is made using a cost-effectiveness model (Markov Model). The results demonstrate that treatment with polyurethane foam dressing with TLC-NOSF are cost-effective versus treatments with polyurethane foams most commonly used in Spain.

Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis in the South American-Caribbean region: An epidemiological overview.

Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (NCLs) comprise 13 hereditary neurodegenerative pathologies of very low frequency that affect individuals of all ages around the world. All NCLs share a set of symptoms that are similar to other diseases. The exhaustive collection of data from diverse sources (clinical, genetic, neurology, ophthalmology, etc.) would allow being able in the future to define this group with greater precision for a more efficient diagnostic and therapeutic approach. Despite the large amount of information worldwide, a detailed study of the characteristics of the NCLs in South America and the Caribbean region (SA&C) has not yet been done. Here, we aim to present and analyse the multidisciplinary evidence from all the SA&C with qualitative weighting and biostatistical evaluation of the casuistry. Seventy-one publications from seven countries were reviewed, and data from 261 individuals (including 44 individuals from the Cordoba cohort) were collected. Each NCL disease, as well as phenotypical and genetic data were described and discussed in the whole group. The CLN2, CLN6, and CLN3 disorders are the most frequent in the region. Eighty-seven percent of the individuals were 10 years old or less at the onset of symptoms. Seizures were the most common symptom, both at onset (51%) and throughout the disease course, followed by language (16%), motor (15%), and visual impairments (11%). Although symptoms were similar in all NCLs, some chronological differences could be observed. Sixty DNA variants were described, ranging from single nucleotide variants to large chromosomal deletions. The diagnostic odyssey was probably substantially decreased after medical education activities promoted by the pharmaceutical industry and parent organizations in some SA&C countries. There is a statistical deviation in the data probably due to the approval of the enzyme replacement therapy for CLN2 disease, which has led to a greater interest among the medical community for the early description of this pathology. As a general conclusion, it became clear in this work that the combined bibliographical/retrospective evaluation approach allowed a general overview of the multidisciplinary components and the epidemiological tendencies of NCLs in the SA&C region.

Eligibility criteria for menopausal hormone therapy (MHT): A consortium of scientific societies for the use of MHT in women with medical conditions. Research protocol.

The objective of this project is to create eligibility criteria for the use of menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) similar to those established for contraceptive methods. A consortium of scientific societies coordinated by the Spanish Menopause Society met to formulate recommendations for the use of MHT by patients with medical conditions based on the best available evidence. The project protocol, which was registered in the Open Science Framework platform (DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/J6WBC), will be conducted in two phases. As a first step we will conduct a series of systematic reviews on the safety of MHT, addressing eight clinical questions. The findings of these systematic reviews will help to inform a structured process in which a panel of experts will define the eligibility criteria according to a specific framework, which will facilitate the discussion and development process. For the first time, a set of eligibility criteria, based on clinical evidence and developed according to the most rigorous methodological tools, will be defined. This will provide health professionals with a powerful decision-making tool that can be used in the management of menopausal symptoms.

[Mexican consensus on fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) in asthma 2020]. / Consenso mexicano en relación con la fracción exhalada de óxido nítrico (FeNO) en asma 2020.

The fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) is related to the level of eosinophilic inflammation in the airways and the levels of interleukin-13, as such it could be a diagnostic and monitoring tool in asthma. A working group was convened between pulmonologists, respiratory physiology experts, and allergists to establish criteria for the use of FeNO in asthma in Mexico. Through a simplified Delphi method and group discussion, seven key points regarding the use of FeNO were agreed upon. We agree that the measurement of FeNO serves for the diagnosis of asthma in specialized clinics, both in children and adults, as well as to determine the level of corticosteroid treatment. In severe asthma, we recommend FeNO for endotyping, for detecting poor therapeutic adherence, undertreatment, and the risk of crisis. We suggest FeNO can be used to determine the level of corticosteroid treatment and to identify patients at risk of loss of lung function. We also recommend it in adults to improve the selection of biological therapy and, in this context, we only suggest it in selected cases for children.

La fracción exhalada de óxido nítrico (FeNO) se relaciona con el nivel de inflamación eosinofílica en las vías aéreas y los niveles de interleucina-13, por lo que podría ser una herramienta diagnóstica y de seguimiento en el asma. Se convocó un grupo de trabajo integrado por neumólogos, expertos en fisiología de la respiración y alergólogos, con la finalidad de establecer criterios para el uso de la FeNO en asma en México. Mediante un método Delphi simplificado y discusión grupal, se consensaron varios puntos clave en relación con el uso de la FeNO. Sugerimos que la medición de la FeNO sirve para el diagnóstico de asma en clínicas especializadas, tanto en niños como adultos, así como para determinar el nivel de tratamiento con corticosteroides. En asma grave, recomendamos la FeNO para la endotipificación, detectar la mala adherencia terapéutica, el subtratamiento y el riesgo de crisis. Sugerimos su uso para determinar el nivel de tratamiento con corticosteroides e identificar pacientes con riesgo de tener una pérdida de la función pulmonar. También la recomendamos en el adulto para mejorar la elección de medicamentos biológicos y, en este contexto, solo la sugerimos en casos selectos en niños.

Effects of evidence-based clinical practice guidelines in cardiovascular health care quality improvements: A systematic review.

Background: The development of clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) has increasing global growth; however, the certainty of impact on patients and health systems, as well as the magnitude of the impact, is not apparent. The objective of this systematic review was to assess the effectiveness of the application of CPGs for the improvement of the quality of health care in three domains: structure, process and results in the patient for the management of cardiovascular disease. Methods: We followed the methods described by the Cochrane Handbook and present a descriptive analysis because of the high heterogeneity found across the included studies. We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE and EMBASE databases, as well as the grey literature, between 1990 and June 2016. No language restrictions were applied. Only randomised clinical trials (RCTs) were selected. Three authors independently carried out the data extraction, using a modified version of the Cochrane Effective Practice and Organization of Care form. Results: Of the total of 84 interventions included in the nine RCTs evaluated, three (4%) were related to health care structure, 54 (64%) to the health care delivery process and 27 (32%) to patient outcomes. Regarding the impact of using the CPGs, in 55 interventions (65%), there were no significant differences between control and experimental groups. In four interventions (5%), the result favoured the control group, and the result favoured the intervention group on 25 of the interventions (30%). Conclusions: This systematic review showed that CPGs could be useful to improve the process and structure of health care and, to a lesser extent, to improve the results in patients. However, evidence was weak. There are probably still undiscovered variables that interfere with the use of the CPGs and, therefore, with their impact. Therefore, more studies of good quality are needed. Registration: PROSPERO CRD42013003589.

Post-operative pain management among surgical trauma patients in an acute ward: a best practice implementation project.

INTRODUCTION: Effective pain management should be one of the main goals of healthcare professionals. The trauma unit of a hospital in an urban area of Spain carried out an implementation project, guided by the evidence-based criteria from JBI, to put in place the processes and initiatives needed to reduce post-operative pain. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this implementation project was to promote evidence-based practice in managing post-operative pain. METHODS: A pre-post implementation audit was implemented using the JBI Practical Application of Clinical Evidence System (PACES) and Getting Research into Practice (GRiP) tool. Each audit included 30 post-operative patients from a randomized sample who were evaluated before the project started and six months after key strategies had been implemented. The criteria were audited according to evidence-based process criteria. RESULTS: At the baseline audit, the compliance percentages for the evidence-based criteria ranged from 10% to 43%. Seven obstacles were identified in relation to post-operative pain management. Following the GRiP table, the team established a series of strategies and resources to implement the improvement actions. When the implementation period ended, all the criteria had improved. CONCLUSIONS: The quality improvement cycle allowed us to implement the clinical best practice recommendations, with subsequent outcome improvements for patients. Future audits should be performed to drive new cycles of improvement in evidence-based practice.

Síndrome De Herlyn ­ Werner ­ Wünderlich. A proposito de un caso / Herlyn ­ Werner ­ Wünderlich Syndrome. About a case

Presentamos el caso de una paciente de 11 años que presento un cuadro clínico de oligomenorrea, leucorrea y dolor pélvico tipo cólico. Se ha pensado por el dolor abdominal en la posibilidad de apendicitis modificada por lo que se realizó ecografía pélvica con los hallazgos de útero didelfo, quiste anexial derecho y agenesia renal izquierda, datos compatibles con síndrome de Herlyn ­ Werner ­ Wünderlich

We present the case of an 11-year-old patient who presented a clinical picture of oligomenorrhea, leucorrhoea and pelvic pain type colic. It has been thought for abdominal pain in the possibility of modified appendicitis so pelvic ultrasound was performed with the findings of didelphic uterus, right adnexal cyst and left renal agenesis, data compatible with Herlyn ­ Werner ­ Wünderlich syndrome.

"Atypical" Phenotypes of Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis: The Argentine Experience in the Genomic Era

ABSTRACT Neuronal Ceroid Lipofuscinosis (NCL) refers to a group of inherited lysosomal storage disorders characterized by the intracellular accumulation of ceroid-lipofuscin compounds and neurodegeneration. Fourteen genes are currently recognized with disease-causing DNA variants: PPT1/CLN1, TPP1/CLN2, CLN3, DNAJC5/CLN4, CLN5, CLN6, MFSD8/CLN7, CLN8, CTSD/CN10, GRN/CLN11, ATP13A2/CLN12, CTSF/CLN13, KCTD7/CLN14, TBCK/CLN15. In the frame of the Cordoba cohort, we studied N=51 cases. The aim of this paper is the observational and retrospective analysis of the "atypical" phenotypes. PCR-Sanger sequencing and/or massive exome sequencing were used as a screening methodology. One CLN1 subject showed an atypical prolonged (P) phenotype with null PPT1 activity and a heterozygous compound genotype: E5 c.451C>T, p.Arg151*/g.6302T>G (I3 c.363-3T>G). Other 11 CLN2 individuals (except one girl) showed TPP1 activity decreased to around 10% of the minimum value of the reference interval in leukocytes and saliva. The DNA variants E7 c.827A>T, p.Asp276Val and I7 c.887-10A>G were the most prevalent. One CLN8 individual showed an atypical congenital phenotype with a heterozygous combination of DNA variants: E2 c.1A>G, p.?/E3 c.792C>G, p.Asn264Lys. Massive sequencing was installed as a screening methodology for the precision diagnosis of atypical CLN1, CLN2, and CLN8 phenotypes. A genetic/phenotypic local registry is under construction.

Antibody Derived Peptides for Detection of Ebola Virus Glycoprotein.

BACKGROUND: Current Ebola virus (EBOV) detection methods are costly and impractical for epidemic scenarios. Different immune-based assays have been reported for the detection and quantification of Ebola virus (EBOV) proteins. In particular, several monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have been described that bind the capsid glycoprotein (GP) of EBOV GP. However, the currently available platforms for the design and production of full-length mAbs are cumbersome and costly. The use of antibody fragments, rather than full-length antibodies, might represent a cost-effective alternative for the development of diagnostic and possibly even therapeutic alternatives for EBOV. METHODS/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: We report the design and expression of three recombinant anti-GP mAb fragments in Escherichia coli cultures. These fragments contained the heavy and light variable portions of the three well-studied anti-GP full-length mAbs 13C6, 13F6, and KZ52, and are consequently named scFv-13C6, scFv-13F6, and Fab-KZ52, respectively. All three fragments exhibited specific anti-GP binding activity in ELISA experiments comparable to that of full-length anti-GP antibodies (i.e., the same order of magnitude) and they are easily and economically produced in bacterial cultures. CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE: Antibody fragments might represent a useful, effective, and low cost alternative to full-length antibodies in Ebola related capture and diagnostics applications.

Normal breathing during sleep at an altitude of 2240 meters.

BACKGROUND: Mexico City is located at an altitude of 2240 meters (m) above sea level with a mean barometric pressure of 585 mmHg. Normal PaO2 and PaCO2 values in young subjects are 67 and 31 mmHg, respectively. Sleep desaturation, present in normal subjects at sea level, may be more frequent and severe at moderate altitudes. Our objective was to describe breathing during sleep in normal residents at an altitude of 2240 m above sea level. METHODS: Non-obese, long-term residents of Mexico City with normal pulmonary function and without sleep-related symptoms completed a nocturnal polysomnogram. RESULTS: A total of 23 subjects (12 males and 11 females) were studied. Mean age was 45 years (range 20-76 years). Seven subjects (four >60 years of age) presented sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) with apnea-hypopnea index >or=5 h(-1). Mean SaO2 during sleep was 93 +/- 2% and in all subjects was >or=90%. Five subjects without SDB monitored for PO2 tc maintained values of PO2 tc <60 mmHg during one half of the night. During sleep, mean PCO2et was 35 +/- 3 mmHg, breathing frequency 16 +/- 3, and heart rate 65 +/- 9. These values were maintained throughout sleep stages. CONCLUSIONS: Normal long-term residents of Mexico City had slightly lower mean oxygen saturation than that at sea level but >or=90% saturation and experienced transient desaturations. Breathing frequency and heart rate were similar to residents at sea level.

Clinical predictors of sleep disordered breathing in children at moderate altitude.

BACKGROUND: Validated clinical indicators of sleep disordered breathing (SDB) in children are scarce and none generated at moderate altitude where hypoxemic complications could be frequent and oximetry evaluation might be very efficient. METHODS: A total of 158 children consecutively referred to a sleep clinic in Mexico City (2240 m) for suspected sleep apnea underwent clinical evaluation and nocturnal monitoring of pulse oximetry, snoring and body position. RESULTS: Mean age was 4.9 years (SD 2.5) and 68.4% were males. A total of 84% of children were found with more than five desaturations per hour (>/=4%) while 63% and 34% had more than 10 and 20 desaturations, respectively. Based on logistic regression models, age

Probióticos ¿coadyuvantes en el tratamiento médico? / Probiotics: Adjuvant in the medical treatment?

Resumen La microbiota juega un papel importante en el mantenimiento de la homeostasia de mucosas e influye en la función de órganos y sistemas del cuerpo humano. Diferentes factores pueden producir una disbiosis que resulte en diversas enfermedades. La potencial administración de probióticos para restablecer la microbiota aún es un tema poco familiar para la mayoría de los médicos. En consecuencia, es de vital importancia conocer y analizar la información a favor del uso de ciertas cepas de bacterias intestinales como coadyuvantes del tratamiento médico con el objetivo de regular y aprobar su prescripción mediante un enfoque basado en la evidencia.

Abstract Microbiome plays an important role in the maintenance of the mucosae homeostasis and it can exert an influence in the function of organs and systems of the human body. Several factors can lead to dysbiosis which can result in different pathologies. The potential use of probiotics for the re-establishment of gut microbiome is still unfamiliar for most medical doctors. Consequently, it is of major relevance to know and analyze the information in favor of the use of different intestinal bacteria strains as adjuvants in the medical treatment with the aim to regulate and approve their employment by an evidence-based approach.

La función respiratoria en pacientes con cáncer de pulmón / The respiratory function in patients with lung cancer

Introducción: el cáncer de pulmón es una de las principales causas de muerte en el mundo y se asocia al hábito tabáquico. A su vez repercute directamente sobre la función respiratoria del paciente y el deterioro de su calidad de vida. Objetivos: evaluar la función respiratoria en pacientes con cáncer de pulmón. Métodos: se realizó un estudio de corte transversal con carácter prospectivo y retrospectivo. La muestra quedó constituida por 1 020 pacientes. Se evaluaron los patrones espirométricos asociados al cáncer de pulmón en el período 2010-2015 y se correlacionó con el tipo histológico del tumor y las comorbilidades asociadas, así como el hábito tabáquico. Resultados: la mayoría de los pacientes fueron fumadores, de género masculino y su principal comorbilidad era la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica. El principal diagnóstico histológico fue el carcinoma de pulmón de células no pequeñas, este ocurrió en etapas avanzadas de la enfermedad. Conclusión: el patrón espirométrico que predominó fue el obstructivo de moderada intensidad. Se infirió que el tumor de pulmón directamente puede ocasionar una disminución de 1,22 L/min en la caída del volumen espiratorio forzado en el primer segundo, independientemente del daño ocasionado por el tabaco(AU)

Introduction: Lung cancer is one of the main causes of death in the world, associated with smoking. In turn, it directly affects the respiratory function of patients and the deterioration of their quality of life. Objectives: To evaluate the respiratory function in patients with lung cancer. Methods: A prospective and retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out. One thousand twenty (1020) patients made up the sample. Spirometric patterns associated with lung cancer were evaluated in 2010-2015 period and correlated with the histological type of the tumor and associated comorbidities, as well as the smoking habit. Results: The majority of patients smoked, male and their main comorbidity was chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The main histological diagnosis was non-small cell lung carcinoma, which occurred in advanced stages of the disease. Conclusion: The obstructive spirometric pattern prevailed as moderate intensity. It was inferred that lung tumor can directly cause a decrease of 1.22 L/min in the fall of the forced expiratory volume in the first second, apart from the damage caused by tobacco(AU)

La función respiratoria en pacientes con cáncer de pulmón / The respiratory function in patients with lung cancer

Introducción: el cáncer de pulmón es una de las principales causas de muerte en el mundo y se asocia al hábito tabáquico. A su vez repercute directamente sobre la función respiratoria del paciente y el deterioro de su calidad de vida. Objetivos: evaluar la función respiratoria en pacientes con cáncer de pulmón. Métodos: se realizó un estudio de corte transversal con carácter prospectivo y retrospectivo. La muestra quedó constituida por 1 020 pacientes. Se evaluaron los patrones espirométricos asociados al cáncer de pulmón en el período 2010-2015 y se correlacionó con el tipo histológico del tumor y las comorbilidades asociadas, así como el hábito tabáquico. Resultados: la mayoría de los pacientes fueron fumadores, de género masculino y su principal comorbilidad era la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica. El principal diagnóstico histológico fue el carcinoma de pulmón de células no pequeñas, este ocurrió en etapas avanzadas de la enfermedad. Conclusión: el patrón espirométrico que predominó fue el obstructivo de moderada intensidad. Se infirió que el tumor de pulmón directamente puede ocasionar una disminución de 1,22 L/min en la caída del volumen espiratorio forzado en el primer segundo, independientemente del daño ocasionado por el tabaco(AU)

Introduction: Lung cancer is one of the main causes of death in the world, associated with smoking. In turn, it directly affects the respiratory function of patients and the deterioration of their quality of life. Objectives: To evaluate the respiratory function in patients with lung cancer. Methods: A prospective and retrospective cross-sectional study was carried out. One thousand twenty (1020) patients made up the sample. Spirometric patterns associated with lung cancer were evaluated in 2010-2015 period and correlated with the histological type of the tumor and associated comorbidities, as well as the smoking habit. Results: The majority of patients smoked, male and their main comorbidity was chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The main histological diagnosis was non-small cell lung carcinoma, which occurred in advanced stages of the disease. Conclusion: The obstructive spirometric pattern prevailed as moderate intensity. It was inferred that lung tumor can directly cause a decrease of 1.22 L/min in the fall of the forced expiratory volume in the first second, apart from the damage caused by tobacco(AU)