High-Throughput Assessment of Changes in the Caenorhabditis elegans Gut Microbiome.

The gut microbiome is an important driver of host physiology and development. Altered abundance or membership of this microbe community can influence host health and disease progression, including the determination of host lifespan and healthspan. Here, we describe a robust pipeline to measure microbiome abundance and composition in the C. elegans gut that can be applied to examine the role of the microbiome on host aging or other physiologic processes.

Relação entre atenção primária e secundária em saúde no cuidado integral aos pacientes encaminhados para a especialidade de estomatologia / Relation between primary and secondary health care in the comprehensive care for patients referred to the oral medicine specialty

Objetivo: Avaliar o processo de referência e contrarreferência dos pacientes encaminhados por uma US do município de Porto Alegre, para tratamento na Especialidades de Estomatologia. Materiais e métodos: Pesquisa de caráter transversal retrospectivo, realizada a partir da análise de dados secundários, dos sistemas de informação E-SUS e Gercon. Foram avaliados 236 encaminhamentos em relação aos dados dos usuários e do serviço/profissional, realizou-se análise de frequência absoluta e relativa, além do teste qui-quadrado de todas as variáveis categóricas. Resultados: Mais da metade dos casos, 51,3%, encaminhados para a especialidade não tiveram retorno com dentista da APS e apenas 15,3% tinham algum registro nos sistemas com orientação de retorno para APS. Encontrou-se diferença estatisticamente significativa apenas entre as variáveis de idade e classificação de prioridade. Discussão: O Manual de Especialidades em Saúde Bucal estabelece critérios de referência e contra referência entre APS e CEOs, em que a preservação dos casos mais complexos deve ser realizada no nível secundário sem que se perca a continuidade do cuidado na APS. Porém mais da metade dos casos encaminhados não tiveram retorno com dentista da APS. Ressalta-se, que a relação entre APS e Atenção Secundária à saúde não deve limitar-se a fluxos, tem que envolver processos dinâmicos, democráticos e baseado na integralidade do acesso a assistência. Conclusão: É possível perceber a fragilidade presente na interface da APS e Secundária no cuidado integral dos pacientes encaminhados para os serviços especializados de Estomatologia.

Aim: To assess the process of referral and counter-referral of patients referred by health unit from the city of Porto Alegre to treatment in the Oral Medicine Specialty. Material and methods: Cross-retrospective study analyzing secondary data from the information systems E-SUS and Gercon. We assessed 236 referrals regarding data of users and service/professionals and analyzed absolute and relative frequency, besides the chi-squared test of all categorical variables. Results: More than half the cases, 51.3%, referred to the specialty did not have a follow-up appointment with the Primary Health Care dentist and only 15.3% had been registered in the systems with orientation of follow-up appointments in the Primary Health Care. We found a statistically significant difference between the age and priority classification variables only. Discussion: The Manual of Specialization on Oral Health establishes referral and counter-referral criteria between Primary Health Care and Dental Specialty Centers, in which the preservation of the most complex cases must be carried out on a secondary level with recurring care in the Primary Health Care. We highlight that the relation between the Primary Health Care and Secondary Health Care must not be limited by flows; there must be dynamic, democratic processes that rely on the entirety of access to health care. Conclusion: It is possible to notice the fragility that is present in the interface of Primary and Secondary Health Care in the comprehensive care for patients referred to the Oral Medicine specialized services.

Saúde mental e a enfermagem fundamentada na teoria de Viktor Frankl: revisão integrativa / Mental health and nursing based on Viktor Frankl's theory: an integrative review

Objetivo:analisar a produção científica de enfermagem em saúde mental fundamentada na teoria de Viktor Frankl no período de 2011 a 2021. Método:revisão integrativa desenvolvida com seis artigos que abordam enfermagem em saúde mental com uso da teoria de Viktor Frankl. Para a busca, utilizou-se portal Capes, Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde, PubMed e Biblioteca do Conhecimento on-line. Os estudos foram avaliados a partir do checklist proposto pelo Critical Appraisal Skills Programme, e descritos suas principais características, resultados, convergências e conclusões. Resultados:todos os estudos analisados têm metodologia fenomenológica, cinco obtiveram classificação alta conforme checklist Casp, e tiveram abordagens como o cuidado a pessoa idosa, àquelas com doenças crônicas hospitalizadas, cuidado paliativo e o processo de ajuda ao familiar dessas pessoas. Houve convergências entre os estudos nos aspectos de espiritualidade, sentido de vida, sacralidade, fé, adoecimento, diagnóstico, sofrimento, possibilidades de cura, família e resiliência. Conclusão:o enfermeiro tem produzido conhecimento na perspectiva do referencial frankliano, fundamentando sua prática em teoria e contribuído com a saúde mental das pessoas sob sua responsabilidade, contudo evidencia-se a necessidade de capacitação desse profissional quanto a espiritualidade e saúde mental para assistir as pessoas em contextos variados de cuidado

Objective: analyzing the scientific production of mental health nursing based on Viktor Frankl's theory, from 2011 to 2021.Method: anintegrative review developed with six articles that address mental health nursing using Viktor Frankl's theory. Capes portal, Virtual Health Library, PubMed and online Knowledge Library were used for the search. The studies were evaluated from the checklist proposed by the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme, and described its main characteristics, results, convergences and conclusions.Results: all studies analyzed have phenomenological methodology, five obtained high classification according to Casp checklist, and had approaches such as care for the old person, those with hospitalized chronic diseases, palliative care and the process of helping the family members of these people. There were convergences between studies in the aspects of spirituality, meaning of life, sacrality, faith, illness, diagnosis, suffering, possibilities of healing, family and resilience. Conclusion: nurses have produced knowledge from the perspective of the Franklian framework, basing their practice on theory and contributing to the mental health of the people under their responsibility; however, it is evident the need for training of this professional regarding spirituality and mental health to assist people in a varied context of care.

Diversity of Anastrepha spp. (Diptera: Tephritidae) and associated braconid parasitoids from native and exotic hosts in southeastern Bahia, Brazil.

We documented fruit fly-host associations and infestation rates over 5 yr in the state of Bahia, Brazil, by systematically collecting native and introduced fruits in backyard and commercial orchards, experimental stations, and patches of native vegetation. Fruit were collected in multiple sites in the southern and southernmost regions of Bahia. A total of 942.22 kg from 27 fruit species in 15 plant families was collected throughout this study. Of these, 15 plant species from six families were infested by Anastrepha species. A total of 11,614 fruit flies was reared from the fruit (5,178 females and 6,436 males). No specimens of Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) were recovered. Eleven Anastrepha species were recovered from the collected fruit: Anastrepha antunesi Lima (0.04%), Anastrepha distincta Greene (0.1%), Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann) (53.5%), Anastrepha leptozona Hendel (4.5%), Anastrepha manihoti Lima (0.1%), Anastrepha montei Lima (1.0%), Anastrepha obliqua (Macquart) (33.0%), Anastrepha pickeli Lima (2.0%), Anastrepha serpentina (Wiedemann) (1.0%), Anastrepha sororcula Zucchi (3.0%), and Anastrepha zenildae Zucchi (1.8%). We recovered 1,265 parasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) from Anastrepha pupae. Three species of braconids were found to parasitize larvae of nine Anastrepha species. The most common parasitoid species recovered was Doryctobracon areolatus (Szépligeti) (81.7%), followed by Utetes anastrephae (Viereck) (12.2%) and Asobara anastrephae (Muesebeck) (6.1%). We report A. fraterculus infesting Malay apple Syzygium malaccense (L.) Merr. & L. M. Perry and A. fraterculus, A. sororcula, and A. zenildae infesting araza Eugenia stipitata McVaugh for the first time in Brazil.