RESUMO
The four-pin electrode capacitance probe has already shown to be a valuable tool for on-line monitoring viable biomass concentration in industrial-type fermentations. A new prototype annular probe was developed and its performance in real-time monitoring the concentration of viable cells during industrial pilot-scale fermentation for the production of an Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient (API) was investigated and compared to the four-pin probe. A set of 14 fermentations was monitored on-line: four of them with the four-pin probe, the remaining with the annular probe. The performance of both the annular and the four-pin electrode probe were compared against each other and against off-line measurements (viscosity and packed mycelial volume). The prototype annular probe showed to have higher signal intensity and sensitivity than the standard four-pin probe, with higher signal-to-noise ratio. Furthermore, its new design and construction proved to be easier to handle in an industrial environment.
Assuntos
Reatores Biológicos/microbiologia , Contagem de Células/instrumentação , Técnicas de Cultura de Células/instrumentação , Eletroquímica/instrumentação , Microbiologia Industrial/instrumentação , Streptomyces/citologia , Streptomyces/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Transdutores , Contagem de Células/métodos , Técnicas de Cultura de Células/métodos , Proliferação de Células , Sobrevivência Celular/fisiologia , Capacitância Elétrica , Eletroquímica/métodos , Desenho de Equipamento , Análise de Falha de Equipamento , Fermentação/fisiologia , Microbiologia Industrial/métodos , Projetos PilotoRESUMO
The CHCl(3) extract of the bark of Garcinia speciosa contained four 17,14-friedolanostanes and five lanostanes as well as friedelin and common plant constituents. The friedolanostanes were the previously known methyl ester of (24E)-3 alpha,23 alpha-dihydroxy-17,14-friedolanostan-8,14,24-trien-26-oic acid and the methyl esters of three hitherto unknown acids, 3 alpha-hydroxy-16 alpha,23 alpha-epoxy-17,14-friedolanostan-8,14,24-trien-26-oic acid, 3 alpha,23 alpha-dihydroxy-8 alpha,9 alpha-epoxy-17,14-friedolanostan-15-oxo-24-en-26-oic acid and 3 alpha,23 alpha-dihydroxy-17,14-friedolanostan-15-oxo-8(14),24-dien-26-oic acid. New lanostanes were 3 beta,9 alpha-dihydroxylanost-24-en-26-al and the methyl ester of 3 beta-hydroxy-23-oxo-9,16-lanostadien-26-oic acid. Structures were established by analysis of spectroscopic data. In the case of the lanostanes the previously unassigned C-25 stereochemistry was shown to be 25R by X-ray analysis of 3 beta-hydroxy-23-oxo-9,16-lanostadien-26-oic acid. In the case of the friedolanostanes the configuration at C-23 was established as 23R, identical with the absolute configuration at C-23 of mariesiic acids A and B.
Assuntos
Garcinia/química , Casca de Planta/química , Triterpenos/química , Conformação Molecular , Estrutura Molecular , Ressonância Magnética Nuclear Biomolecular , Extratos Vegetais/química , Extratos Vegetais/isolamento & purificação , Estereoisomerismo , Triterpenos/isolamento & purificação , Difração de Raios XRESUMO
A new friedolanostane, 7, and three triterpenes, 8, 9a, and 10, possessing the new 11(10-->8)-abeolanostane carbon skeleton were isolated from the bark of Garcinia speciosa. Structures were elucidated by spectroscopic and spectrometric studies and the structure of 8 by X-ray crystallographic analysis, thus forcing structure revision of a triterpene from the same source previously assumed to be a friedolanostane. These and several friedo- and lanostanes earlier isolated from the same source were evaluated for cytotoxicity against three human cell lines. Most were moderately active, with three friedolanostanes effective in inducing apoptosis in the MCF-7 cell line.