A Nanoenzyme Constructed from Manganese and Strandberg-Type Phosphomolybdate with Versatility in Antioxidant and Modulating Conformation of Aß Protein Misfolding Aggregates In Vitro.

Amyloid ß-peptide (Aß) misfolding aggregates with ß-sheet structures and surplus reactive oxygen species (ROS) are both considered to be the culprit of neuronal toxicity in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Therefore, modulating the misfolding mode of Aß and inhibiting ROS simultaneous has become an important method for anti-AD. Herein, a nanoscale manganese-substituted polyphosphomolybdate (H2en)3[Mn(H2O)4][Mn(H2O)3]2[P2Mo5O23]2·14.5H2O (abbreviated as MnPM) (en = ethanediamine) was designed and synthesized by single crystal to single crystal transformation method. MnPM can modulate the ß-sheet rich conformation of Aß aggregates, and thus reduce the formation of toxic species. Moreover, MnPM also possesses the ability to eliminate the free radicals produced by Cu2+-Aß aggregates. It can inhibit the cytotoxicity of ß-sheet-rich species and protect synapses of PC12 cells. MnPM combines the conformation modulating ability of Aß and anti-oxidation ability, which makes a promising multi-funcational molecular with a composite mechanism for the new conceptual designing in treatment of such protein-misfolding diseases.

A Cyclen-Functionalized Cobalt-Substituted Sandwich-Type Tungstoarsenate with Versatility in Removal of Methylene Blue and Anti-ROS-Sensitive Tumor Cells.

Oxidative degradation by using reactive oxygen species (ROS) is an effective method to treat pollutants. The synthesis of artificial oxidase for the degradation of dyes is a hot spot in molecular science. In this study, a nanoscale sandwich-type polyoxometalate (POM) on the basis of a tetra-nuclear cobalt cluster and trivacant B-α-Keggin-type tungstoarsenate {[Co(C8H20N4)]4}{Co4(H2O)2[HAsW9O34]2}∙4H2O (abbreviated as CAW, C8H20N4 = cyclen) has been synthesized and structurally examined by infrared (IR) spectrum, ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrum, X-ray photoelectron spectrum (XPS), single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SXRD), and bond valence sum (Σs) calculation. According to the structural analysis, the principal element of the CAW is derived from modifying sandwich-type polyanion {Co4(H2O)2 [HAsW9O34]2}8- with four [Co(Cyclen)]2+, in which 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane (cyclen) is firstly applied to modify POM. It is also demonstrated that CAW is capable of efficiently catalyzing the production of ROS by the synergistic effects of POM fragments and Co-cyclen complexes. Moreover, CAW can interfere with the morphology and proliferation of sensitive cells by producing ROS and exhibits ability in specifically eliminating methylene blue (MB) dyes from the solution system by both adsorption and catalytic oxidation.

Stevens-Johnson Syndrome Caused by Enzalutamide: A Case Report and Literature Review.

OBJECTIVE: Enzalutamide is the most frequently prescribed compound for treating metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Common adverse drug events of enzalutamide are febrile neutropenia, hot flashes, hypertension, and fatigue. METHODS: We present a case of a patient with mCRPC who received enzalutamide and developed Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS). The culprit drug was confirmed using the Naranjo Adverse Drug Reaction Probability Scale. Clinical characteristics and management principles were analyzed in combination with literature reports. RESULTS: SJS occurred within two weeks of enzalutamide therapy. Supportive care such as steroid treatment led to a complete resolution of skin lesions and improved clinical symptoms after three weeks. CONCLUSION: Most cutaneous adverse events occur early during enzalutamide therapy, and close observation should be given within two weeks of starting treatment.