Efficacy of moxifloxacin combined with levofloxacin in the treatment of drug-resistant tuberculosis.

Drug-resistant tuberculosis is a clinically common respiratory-borne chronic infectious disease. Fluoroquinolone drugs can inhibit the replication and transcription of bacterial DNA and cause bacteria to die, and the antibacterial spectrum of such drugs is broad, especially for Mycobacterium tuberculosis-induced diseases. This article observes and compares the clinical efficacy of levofloxacin and moxifloxacin in the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). At the end of the course of treatment, the treatment success rate was 76.4% in the control group and 68.2% in the treatment group. The difference between the two groups was not statistically significant (P<0.05). The cavity reduction rate was 70.1% in the control group and 62.5% in the treatment group. Adverse reaction rate, the control group was 14.7% and the treatment group was 18.1%. There was no significant difference between the two groups (P >0.05). For multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, levofloxacin tablets and moxifloxacin tablets have similar effects in the treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, adverse drug reactions, and economically difficult multidrug-resistant patients. Drug sensitivity indicates that they are sensitive to levofloxacin.

p53-induced long non-coding RNA PGM5-AS1 inhibits the progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma through regulating miR-466/PTEN axis.

A growing body of evidence suggests that long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) is aberrantly expressed in human cancer and linked to cancer initiation and development. We previously identified Homo sapiens PGM5 antisense RNA 1 (PGM5-AS1) as a novel esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC)-related lncRNA by performing high-throughput RNA sequencing. However, its clinical implication and biological function in ESCC are still uncharacterized. In the present study, we found that PGM5-AS1 was frequently downregulated in ESCC tissues, plasma, and cell lines, and low PGM5-AS1 expression was positively correlated with poor differentiation, advanced tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage, and lymph node metastasis. Importantly, PGM5-AS1 was identified to be an effective diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for ESCC patients. Functional experiments revealed that exogenous expression of PGM5-AS1 significantly suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion of ESCC cells in vitro as well as tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, PGM5-AS1 was transcriptionally activated by p53 and it could directly interact with and sequester miR-466 to elevate PTEN expression, thereby inhibiting ESCC progression. Overall, our data indicate that PGM5-AS1 is a novel tumor suppressor in ESCC and restoration of PGM5-AS1 may be a promising avenue for treatment of ESCC patient.

Regulation of Hormone-Related Genes in Ericerus pela (Hemiptera: Coccidae) for Dimorphic Metamorphosis.

Insect hormones regulate metamorphosis including that leading to sexual dimorphism. Using RNA-Seq, we discovered that the second-instar male larva (SM) of the white wax insect, Ericerus pela, have 5,968 and 8,620 differentially expressed transcripts compared with the second-instar female larva (SF) and the first-instar male larva (FM), respectively. The expression levels of genes involved in the apoptosis of old tissues and the reconstruction of new ones in the SM significantly enhanced, while the SF mainly has enhanced expression levels of anabolic genes such as chitin. We predicted that the second-instar larvae are the developmental origin of sexual dimorphic metamorphosis. Meanwhile, in the juvenile hormone (JH) metabolic pathway, CYP15A1 and JH esterase (JHE) are differentially expressed; and in the 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) metabolic pathway, CYP307A1, CYP314A1, and CYP18A1 are differentially expressed. In the SM, the expression levels of CYP307A1 and CYP314A1 are significantly increased, whereas the expression level of CYP18A1 is significantly decreased; in the SF, the expression levels of the above genes are opposite to that of the SM. Expression trends of RNA-seq is consistent with the expression level of qRT-PCR, and seven of them are highly correlated (R ≥ 0.610) and four are moderately correlated (0.588 ≥ R ≥ 0.542).

The Effectiveness and Feasibility of Combining Bloom's Taxonomy Theory with PBL and TBL in Teaching Internal Medicine to MBBS Students.

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Lactulose vs Polyethylene Glycol for Bowel Preparation: A Single-Center, Prospective, Randomized Controlled Study Based on BMI.

INTRODUCTION: Colonoscopy is currently considered as one of the principal techniques to diagnose the colorectal diseases. Admittedly, qualified bowel preparation before colonoscopy is a premise for high-quality examination. Lower quality bowel preparation might seriously impede visualization of the intestinal mucosa, resulting in missed and misdiagnosed intestinal lesions. Therefore, it is necessary to choose the appropriate oral laxative based on the guarantee of safety and efficacy. METHODS: This prospective randomized controlled study was conducted to compare lactulose oral solution and polyethylene glycol (PEG) electrolyte powder for bowel preparation using the following indicators: Boston Bowel Preparation Scale, Bowel Bubble Score, detection rate of adenoma and lesion, patients' satisfaction, and adverse effects. Our study investigated the suitability of 2 bowel preparation reagents for patients with different body mass indices mainly based on body mass index (BMI). RESULTS: In the lactulose group, there was a significant improvement in the quality of bowel preparation compared with those in the PEG group ( P < 0.05), especially in people with normal BMI and higher BMI. Compared with the PEG group, individuals in the lactulose group had a significantly higher adenoma detection rate (50% vs 33.5%, P < 0.05) and taste scores (8.82 vs 6.69, P < 0.05), as well as significantly fewer adverse reactions (6.5% vs 32.5%, P < 0.05). DISCUSSION: Lactulose oral solution is superior to PEG in bowel preparation quality and taste, especially in normal BMI and higher BMI groups. It can be used clinically as a potential and promising bowel preparation agent in the future. Clinical Trial registration number: ChiCTR2100054318.

Comparative study of antimicrobial action of aloe vera and antibiotics against different bacterial isolates from skin infection.

Aloe vera is reputed to have medicinal properties. For centuries, it has been used for an array of ailments such as mild fever, wounds and burns, gastrointestinal disorders, diabetes, sexual vitality and fertility problems to cancer, immune modulation, AIDS and various skin infections. In present study, antibacterial activity of aloe vera gel extracts was tested against some common skin infection pathogens, that is, Escherichia coli, Shigella, Salmonella spp. and Staphylococcus aureus all were recorded positive. Antibiotic resistance and susceptibility pattern of above isolates were also studied against 10 clinically significant antibiotics (ampicillin [AMC], amoxicillin, augmentin, cefotaxime, ceftazidime [CAZ], cefuroxime [CXM], ciprofloxaci, tetracycline, cefpodoxime and imipenem). AMC and CXM were found to be most effective antibiotic followed by CXM with highest efficacy against Gram-negative bacteria. In case of CAZ showed highest efficacy was showed against Gram-positive bacteria. Aloe vera leave gel was extracted with four different solvent-like aloe vera leaf extract, root extract, leaf ethanol extract and root ethanol extract; however, Gram-negative as well Gram-positive isolates was found highest susceptibility with aloe leaf and aloe root ethanol extract. Moderate sensitivity observed with aloe leaf extract and aloe root extract against both Gram-positive as well as Gram-negative bacterial isolates. This result showed that ethanol extracts of aloe vera both leaf and root can be used alongside conventional antibiotics to fight agents of infections that are so prevalent in the skin infection.

Diffusion Kurtosis Imaging of Microstructural Changes in Gray Matter Nucleus in Parkinson Disease.

Objective: To explore the microstructural damage of extrapyramidal system gray matter nuclei in Parkinson disease (PD) using diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI). Materials and Methods: We enrolled 35 clinically confirmed PD patients and 23 healthy volunteers. All patients underwent MR examination with conventional MRI scan sequences and an additional DKI sequence. We subsequently reconstructed the DKI raw images and analyzed the data. A radiologist in our hospital collected the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score of all subjects. Results: In the PD group, the mean kurtosis and axial kurtosis level decreased in the red nucleus (RN) and thalamus; the radial kurtosis increased in the substantia nigra (SN) and globus pallidus (GP). Fractional anisotropy decreased in the putamen. The largest area under the ROC curve of mean diffusion in GP was 0.811. Most kurtosis parameters demonstrated a positive correlation with the MMSE score, while several diffusion parameters showed a negative correlation with the same. Conclusion: DKI can qualitatively distinguish PD from healthy controls; furthermore, DKI-derived parameters can quantitatively evaluate the modifications of microstructures in extrapyramidal system gray matter nucleus in PD.

Research progress of electrical impedance tomography in positive end-expiratory pressure titration / 临床麻醉学杂志

Appropriate positive end-expiratory pressure(PEEP)level is an important component of protective lung ventilation strategy.PEEP can maintain the openness of alveoli and reduce lung collapse in-jury.Although individualized PEEP application has been increasingly recognized by clinical physicians,the optimal PEEP titration method is still controversial.Electrical impedance tomography(EIT)is a non-inva-sive and radiation-free imaging technique that can be used to dynamically assess lung function at the bedside.EIT presents changes in impedance during ventilation as dynamic images,which can reflect altera-tions in ventilation and gas distribution before and after PEEP adjustments.Therefore,EIT can be utilized to tailor individualized PEEP.This article provides a brief overview of the basic principles and monitoring pa-rameters of EIT.It elucidates the PEEP titration method under the guidance of EIT in clinical applications(PEEPEIT),aiming at enhancing the understanding of the advantages and limitations of EIT and providing reference for the setting of individualized PEEP.

Correlation between interleukin-2 receptor and CD4+/CD8+ on the activity of lupus nephritis / 中国现代医生

@#Objective To investigate the correlation between serum interleukin-2 receptor(IL-2R),CD4+/CD8+ and disease activity in patients with lupus nephritis(LN).Methods A total of 38 patients with LN who were treated in Hangzhou Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Zhejiang Chinese Medical University from March 2021 to December 2022 were enrolled in LN group,and 40 healthy persons who underwent physical examination in the hospital during the same period were included in healthy control group.General clinical data,systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity index(SLEDAI)and pathological classification were collected.LN patients were divided into active group and inactive group according to SLEDAI score,and the difference of clinical indicators between two groups was compared.Results The hemoglobin(Hb),platelet count,albumin(ALB),complement C3 and C4 in LN group were significantly lower than those in healthy control group,the positive rates of antinuclear antibody and anti-double strand DNA antibody(anti-ds-DNA antibody),serum creatinine(SCr)and C-reactive protein were significantly higher than those in healthy control group(P<0.05).The ALB of active group was significantly lower than that of inactive group,and IL-2R,erythrocyte sedimentation rate,24h urinary protein quantity and anti-ds-DNA antibody positive rate were significantly higher than those of inactive group(P<0.05).Serum IL-2R levels in LN patients were positively correlated with SLEDAI,SCr,blood urea nitrogen and 24h urinary protein quantity,and negatively correlated with Hb and complement C3(P<0.05).Conclusion Serum IL-2R can be used as an indicator to judge the degree of LN activity and provide a basis for the judgment of clinical disease activity.

Trend of Colorectal Cancer Burden in China from 1990 to 2019 / 肿瘤防治研究

Objective To quantitatively analyze the effects of population aging and other risk factors on the burden of colorectal cancer in China from 1990 to 2019. Methods The Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 was used to describe the temporal trend of the burden of colorectal cancer. A decomposition method established by Gupta was applied to quantify the burden related to population growth, aging, age-specific prevalence, and disease severity. Results The age-standardized disability adjusted life years (DALY) rates of colorectal cancer in China showed an overall upward trend from 1990 to 2019. The DALY in 2019 increased by 191.12% compared with that in 1990, with 34.54% of the increase attributed to population growth, 111.36% to population aging, and 77.56% to the rise of age-specific prevalence. Meanwhile, -32.54% benefited from the changes in disease severity. Diet low in milk was the primary risk factor for the disease burden of colorectal cancer in China in 2019, followed by diet low in whole grains and calcium. In the last 30 years, the corresponding risk factor of the most rapid increase in China was high BMI with an average annual percentage of change of 4.14%, and the corresponding risk factor of the most rapid decrease in China was diet low in fiber with an average annual percentage of change of -2.00%. Conclusion Aging population is mainly responsible for the considerable increase in the burden of colorectal cancer in China from 1990 to 2019. The health administrative authorities should take corresponding measures to address the adverse impacts associated with aging.

Action mechanism and advantages of mesenchymal stem cells for treating flap ischemia-reperfusion injury / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Mesenchymal stem cells are used in flap ischemia-reperfusion injury due to their antioxidant and inflammatory inhibition,and angiogenesis induction. OBJECTIVE:To review the mechanism and latest treatment progress of mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of flap ischemia-reperfusion injury,and to provide a basis for further theoretical research and clinical rational application. METHODS:We searched the relevant articles indexed in CNKI,WanFang and PubMed databases.Chinese and English search terms were"mesenchymal stem cells;flap ischemia reperfusion injury;conditioned medium;exosomes;oxidative stress;inflammatory reactions;angiogenesis".Relevant literature since 2010 was searched,and 74 articles were finally included after excluding the literature that had little to do with the topic of the article,poor quality and outdated content. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)Mesenchymal stem cells play significant roles in antioxidation,inhibition of inflammation and induction of angiogenesis and have great potential in the treatment of flap ischemia-reperfusion injury.(2)However,the defects of mesenchymal stem cells themselves and the decline of therapeutic effect in recent years have put the development and application of mesenchymal stem cells into a bottleneck period,and the research on the plasticity of mesenchymal stem cells conditioned medium and its exosomes and mesenchymal stem cells came into being,and the therapeutic effect was significantly better than the use of mesenchymal stem cells alone.(3)Therefore,a more comprehensive understanding of the mechanism of action and the latest treatment progress of mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of flap ischemia-reperfusion injury is of great significance for the research of mesenchymal stem cells and the treatment of flap ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Effect of ropivacaine combined with dexmedetomidine in transversus abdominis plane block on postoperative stress hormone and cognitive function in patients undergoing laparoscopic radical gastrectomy / 新乡医学院学报

Objective To explore the effect of ropivacaine combined with dexmedetomidine in transversus abdominis plane block(TAPB)on postoperative stress hormones and cognitive function in patients undergoing laparoscopic radical gastrectomy.Methods A total of 80 patients undergoing laparoscopic radical gastrectomy at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University from April to October 2023 were selected as the research subjects.According to different anesthesia methods,the patients were divided into the observation group and the control group,with 40 patients in each group.Patients in the observation group were injected bilaterally with 2.5 g·L-1 ropivacaine and 0.5 μg·kg-1 dexmedetomidine for TAPB,with 20 mL injection on each side.Patients in the control group were injected bilaterally with 2.5 g·L-1 ropivacaine for TAPB,with 20 mL injection on each side.Mean arterial pressure(MAP)and heart rate(HR)were recorded at the time of admission to the operating room(T1),immediately after endotracheal intubation(T2),40 minutes after pneumoperitoneum(T3),and 15 minutes after extubation(T4).Radioimmunoprecipitation was used to detect serum cortisol(COR)level,and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure serum norepinephrine(NE)and epinephrine(E)levels at 1,6,12,and 24 hours after surgery.Visual analog scale(VAS)was used to assess pain at rest,and Ramsay sedation scale(RSS)was used to evaluate sedation depth.The doses of propofol and sufentanil were compared between the two groups.Serum β-amyloid(Aβ)and S100β protein levels at 1 day before surgery,1 and 3 days after surgery were detected by using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,and cognitive function was assessed at the same time points by using the mini-mental state examination(MMSE).Results At T,and T2,there was no significant difference in MAP and HR between the control group and the observation group(P＞0.05).At T3 and T4,MAP and HR in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05).At 1,6,and 12 hours postoperatively,VAS score in the observation group was significantly lower than that in the control group(P＜0.05).At 24 hours postoperatively,there was no significant difference in VAS score between the control group and observation group(P＞0.05).At 1 and 6 hours postoperatively,RSS score in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P＜0.05).At 12 and 24 hours postoperatively,there was no significant difference in RSS score between the control group and observation group(P＞0.05).At 1,6,and 12 hours postoperatively,COR,NE,and E levels in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05).At 24 hours postoperatively,there was no significant difference in COR,NE,and E levels between the control group and observation group(P＞0.05).The doses of propofol and sufentanil in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05).One day before surgery,there was no significant difference in MMSE score between the control group and observation group(P＞0.05).At 1 and 3 days postoperatively,MMSE score in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P＜0.05).One day before surgery,there was no significant difference in serum Aβ and S100β protein levels between the control group and observation group(P＞0.05).At 1 and 3 days postoperatively,serum Aβ and S100β protein levels in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Ropivacaine combined with dexmedetomidine in TAPB in radical gastrectomy can significantly reduce postoperative pain,increase sedative effect,prolong the duration of TAPB,and benefit patients'postoperative recovery with reduced cognitive impairment.

Research progress of berberine in the field of neuroprotection in ischemic stroke / 中国比较医学杂志

Berberine is a natural isoquinoline alkaloid that was initially used as a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent in clinical treatment of enteritis,peptic ulcers,chronic gastritis,pneumonia,and other diseases.In recent years,in-depth study of the pharmacological effects of berberine has provided increasing evidence that berberine has neuroprotective effects on ischemic stroke.In this review,we introduce the effect of berberine on risk factors of ischemic stroke and discuss the neuroprotective effects of berberine on various mechanisms of ischemic stroke in detail to provide a reference for clinical and basic research in this field.

Analysis on the assessment value of DCE-MRI quantitative parameters and tumor markers for the curative effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer / 中国医学装备

Objective:To explore the assessment value of quantitative parameters of dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging(DCE-MRI)and tumor markers in assessing the curative effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer.Methods:A total of 75 patients with breast cancer who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy combined with surgical intervention in Jining No.1 People's Hospital from May 2019 to May 2022 were selected,and they were divided into effective group(54 cases)and ineffective group(21 cases)according to the Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumour(RECIST).The Ve,Kep and Ktrans of DCE-MRI quantitative parameters and CEA,CA125 and CA15-3 levels of tumor markers between two groups were compared before and after chemotherapy,and the receiver operating characteristics(ROC)curve was adopted to analyze the predictive efficiency of each diagnostic method.Results:After chemotherapy,the differences of the Ve,Kep and Ktrans of quantitative parameters between the two groups were significant(t=7.237,51.695,16.879,P<0.05),respectively.The differences of the CEA,CA125 and CA15-3 of tumor markers between two groups were significant(t=44.201,6.736,6.885,P<0.05),respectively.The AUC value of combined prediction of 6 indicators included Ve,Kep,Ktrans,CEA,CA125 and CA15-3 was 0.979 in predicting the curative effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer,which was significantly higher than the AUC value of each alone indicator,and the differences of them were statistically significant(Z=2.993,2.679,2.510,2.731,3.215,3.071,P<0.05),respectively.Conclusion:The combination of tumor markers and DCE-MRI quantitative parameters can better predict the curative effect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer,which can indirectly assess the prognosis.

Development of self-care scale for patients with lymphedema after breast cancer surgery and verification of its reliability and validity / 现代临床护理

Objective To develop a self-care scale for patients with lymphedema after breast cancer surgery and verify its reliability and validity.Methods Based on the model of knowledge,belief and practice,a questionnaire item pool was constructed after literature reviews and qualitative interviews.A questionnaire-based scale was drafted based on the established item pool by carrying out two rounds of consultation with 15 clinical nursing specialists,nursing administrators and nursing educators from 8 provinces or cities in China.Reliability and validity of the scale were tested using convenience sampling,involving 444 patients with breast cancer surgery related lymphedema from 7 general hospitals in Hubei and Henan provinces,China,between May and July 2023.Results The response rates for the two rounds of expert consultation were 93.75%and 93.33%,respectively.The authority coefficients of the two rounds were 0.86 and 0.89,respectively,and the coordination coefficients for the 2 rounds were 0.130 and 0.379,respectively.In the first round,the average importance rating was from 4.33 to 4.93 with the coefficient of variation from 0.05 to 0.19,and the full score ratio from 53.33%to 93.33%.In the second round,the average importance rating ranged from 2.86 to 4.93 with the coefficient of variation from 0.05 to 0.36,and the full score ratios from 7.14%to 92.86%.A total of 421 patients completed the survey.The overall Cronbach's α coefficient of the scale was 0.943,the overall split-half reliability was 0.824,the scale-level content validity index(S-CVI)was 0.912,and the item-level content validity index(I-CVI)of the total scale ranged from 0.857 to 1.000.The KMO value of exploratory factor analysis was 0.919,the Bartrett spherical test value was 4671.724(P<0.001),and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 64.155%.Confirmatory factor analysis showed a good model fit.After the reliability and validity tests,the scale was finalised and determined to consist of three dimensions with 33 items:knowledge(9 items),attitude(6 items)and behaviour(18 items).Conclusion The self-care scale for the patients with lymphedema after breast cancer surgery has demonstrated good reliability and validity,and makes it an effective assessment tool for the patients with lymphedema after breast cancer surgery.

Effect of Xiaoxuming decoction on OGD/R-induced synaptic plasticity in HT22 cells / 中国病理生理杂志

AIM:To explore the protective effect of Xiaoxuming decoction(XXMD)on synaptic plasticity in the context of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury following ischemic stroke.METHODS:An oxygen-glucose depriva-tion/reoxygenation(OGD/R)model was employed in vitro using mouse hippocampal neurons(HT22 cells)to simulate ischemia-reperfusion injury.Cell viability was assessed using a CCK-8 assay to determine the optimal XXMD concentra-tion.The HT22 cells were divided into two groups:control and model(OGD/R).Cellular morphological changes were ob-served using an inverted microscope.The levels of IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α in the supernatant were quantified by ELISA.Ultrastructural changes were examined by transmission electron microscopy.Immunofluorescence staining was used to de-tect neuron markers NeuN and synaptic proteins NF200 and MAP2.The protein levels of NF200 and MAP2 were analyzed by Western blot.RESULTS:The highest cell survival rate occurred at an XXMD concentration of 100 mg/L(P<0.05).Compared with control group,the cells in model group exhibited round shape and shrinkage,mitochondrial swelling or vacuolization,and a marked decrease in survival rate.There were significant increases in IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-α levels(P<0.05).Immunofluorescence intensity and protein levels of NeuN,NF200 and MAP2 were notably reduced(P<0.05).Treatment with XXMD improved cell morphology,ultrastructure and survival rate(P<0.05),and decreased in-flammatory factor levels(P<0.05).Compared with model group,the cells in OGD/R+XXMD group showed significantly increased immunofluorescence intensity and protein levels of NeuN,NF200 and MAP2(P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Xiaoxuming decoction may mitigate OGD/R-induced injury,potentially by inhibiting inflammatory responses and enhanc-ing synaptic plasticity.

High grade B cell lymphoma with concurrent MYC rearrangement and 11q aberrations:a clinicopathological analysis / 临床与实验病理学杂志

Purpose To investigate the clinicopathological features,molecular genetics and prognosis of high grade B cell lymphoma with concurrent MYC rearrangement and 11q aberra-tions(HGBCL-MYC-11q).MethodsThree cases of HGBCL-MYC-11q were reviewed and analyzed using hematoxylin-eosin staining,immunohistochemistry,EBER in situ hybridization and fluorescence in situ hybridization.Clinical data were collected with follow-up.Results All three patients were male,age was 10,61,and 74 years,respectively.All patients had Ann Arbor stage Ⅳ disease.All three cases were biopsies occurring in the nasopharynx,upper pharynx and ileocecus,respectively.Three cases were morphologically similar to diffuse infiltrative growth of tumor cells,moderate or moderately large cells,round to slightly irregular nuclei and easily visible mitotic figures.Focal necrosis was noted in one case.One case exhibited the distinct"starry sky"pattern.All cases expressed CD20,BCL6 and MUM1 and high Ki67 index,two cases expressed CD10 and two cases ex-pressed BCL2.CD3,CD30 and TDT were all negative.EBER in situ hybridization was all negative.FISH analyses using C-MYC break-apart probes were all positive and all cases had 11q aberrations.One case only had the 11q23.3 amplification;and one case only had the 11q24.3 loss.After a follow-up for 1-18 months,one patient died and two patients survived with disease.ConclusionHGBCL-MYC-11q is rare,morphologically similar to BL/HGBCL,with MYC rearrangement and 11q abnormali-ties.We should enhance awareness of the disease and improve more accurate diagnosis and differential diagnosis of the disease.

Traditional Chinese medicine monomer in the prevention and treatment of flap necrosis by regulating"autophagy" / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:In recent years,it has been found that some traditional Chinese medicine monomers can alleviate oxidative stress and apoptosis of the skin flap,promote vascular regeneration of the skin flap and prevent skin flap necrosis by activating autophagy. OBJECTIVE:To review the research progress of traditional Chinese medicine monomer regulating autophagy in preventing flap necrosis. METHODS:The Chinese and English key words were"traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),autophagy,skin flaps".The first author searched the relevant articles published in CNKI and PubMed databases from January 2010 to October 2022.A total of 196 articles were retrieved in the preliminary screening and then screened according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria.The quality assessment was conducted by reading the literature titles and abstracts.Finally,55 articles were summarized. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:(1)The regulation of autophagy is mediated by AMPK/mTOR,PI3K/AKT and other signaling pathways.Activation of autophagy can alleviate the oxidative stress and apoptosis of the flap,promote the regeneration of blood vessels in the flap,and prevent flap necrosis.(2)Terpenoids(Betulinic acid,Andrographolide,Notoginseng Triterpenes,Catalpa),phenolic compounds(Resveratrol,Curcumin,Gastrodin),phenolic acids(Salvianolic acid B)and steroid compounds(Pseudoginsenoside F11)in traditional Chinese medicine monomers can alleviate oxidative stress and apoptosis of skin flap by regulating related signaling pathways to activate autophagy,promote skin flap angiogenesis and promote skin flap survival.(3)Studying the research progress of traditional Chinese medicine monomer to prevent flap necrosis by regulating autophagy can provide a reference and theoretical basis for traditional Chinese medicine to prevent flap necrosis and promote flap healing in the clinic.

Serum differential proteomics between developmental cervical spinal stenosis and cervical spondylotic myelopathy / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND:Previous studies have found that qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome is the main syndrome among various TCM syndromes of cervical spondylotic myelopathy.However,there is no report on proteomic markers as early diagnosis indicators for the transformation of developmental cervical spinal stenosis with qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome to cervical spondylotic myelopathy. OBJECTIVE:To explore serum proteomics difference between developmental cervical spinal stenosis and cervical spondylotic myelopathy and to find and identify the potential serum biomarkers between them. METHODS:Serum samples of nine patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy of qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome(experimental group)and nine patients with developmental cervical spinal stenosis of qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome(control group)were collected.The proteomic analysis was carried out by Tandem Mass Tag combined with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry,so as to find and identify differentially expressed proteins. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:A total of 1027 significantly differential proteins were initially screened by TMT technology and 89 significantly differential proteins were finally identified(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,there were 45 up-regulated proteins in the experimental group,such as α-actinin-4,α-actinin-1,cell division control protein 42 homolog,integrin-linked protein kinase and B-actin.Conversely,there were 44 down-regulated proteins in the experimental group compared with the control group,such as fibronectin,fibrinogen γ chain,fibrinogen α chain,fibrinogen β chain.Gene ontology enrichment analysis indicated that these differential proteins were involved in signal receptor binding,kinase binding,protein kinase activity,integrin binding,actin filament binding and other molecular functions.Based on the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis,20 common differential signal/metabolic pathways were identified,including Rap1 signaling pathway,adherens junction,tight junction,platelet activation,and regulation of actin cytoskeleton.Protein-protein interaction analysis showed that ILK,FGA,FGB,FGG,FN1,Cdc42,ACTN1,ACTN4 and ACTB were located at the nodes of protein-protein interaction network and were closely related to bone formation and destruction system,nervous system,coagulation system,cellular inflammation and other systems.To conclude,the serum differentially expressed proteins between developmental cervical spinal stenosis and cervical spondylotic myelopathy can be successfully screened by Tandem Mass Tag combined with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry.ILK,FN1,CDC42 and ACTN 4 are identified as specific markers for the transformation of developmental cervical spinal stenosis with qi deficiency and blood stasis syndrome into cervical spondylotic myelopathy.These findings provide a basis for further clarifying the transformation mechanism.