Galectin-3 inhibition alleviated LPS-induced periodontal inflammation in gingival fibroblasts and experimental periodontitis mice.

OBJECTIVES: Clinical studies have confirmed that galectin-3 (Gal-3) levels are significantly elevated in periodontitis patients. The present study aimed to explore the effects of Gal-3 inhibition on periodontal inflammation in vitro and in vivo. METHODS: Human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) with or without Gal-3 knockdown were stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and a ligation-induced mouse periodontitis model treated with a Gal-3 inhibitor was established. Hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining were used to evaluate Gal-3 levels in gingival tissues. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to detect Gal-3, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, and C-C motif ligand 2 (CCL2) expression. Immunofluorescence and western blotting were used to detect NF-κB and ERK signaling pathway activation. Micro-computed tomography was used to analyse the degree of bone loss. RESULTS: Gal-3 was significantly up-regulated in inflamed gingival tissues and LPS-induced HGFs. Gal-3 knockdown markedly decreased LPS-induced IL-6, IL-8, and CCL2 expression and blocked NF-κB and ERK signaling pathway activation in HGFs. In the mouse periodontitis model, Gal-3 inhibition significantly alleviated IL-1ß and IL-6 infiltration in gingival tissue and mitigated periodontal bone loss. CONCLUSIONS: Gal-3 inhibition notably alleviated periodontal inflammation partly through blocking NF-κB and ERK signaling pathway activation.

The effect of a visual walking training based on wearable walking guide devices on the walking ability of Parkinson's disease patients with freezing of gait / 中国康复医学杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of a visual walking training based on wearable cueing devices on ground reaction force of Parkinson's disease patients with freezing of gait. Method:Twenty-three PD with FOG(PD+FOG)were selected and twenty healthy controls(HC)were tested in gait laboratory.The experimental group was trained with wearable walking guide devices for 20 minutes,twice a day for one week.The Vicon 3D gait analysis system was used to collect the spatiotemporal parame-ters and the ground reaction force parameters of the non-dominant side and the dominant side including front-back peak,medial-lateral peak and the first vertical peak)of the experimental group and the control group be-fore and after training. Result:①After the intervention,the bilateral step length and velocity of patients in the experimental group in-creased signi ficantly(P＜0.05),while cadence,double stance phase decreased significantly(P＜0.05).After train-ing,there was no significant difference in the dominant step length,cadence and double stance phase between experimental group and control group(P＞0.05).②After the training,bilateral parameters(landing angles of hip joints,the maximum angles of ankle dorsiflexion and plantar flexion,and the ranges of motion of lower limb joints)in the experimental group increased significantly,while the landing angles of knee joints de-creased,and the stage of the first peak of ankle joints was delayed,with statistical significance(P＜0.05).Af-ter the training,knee joint landing angle,maximum ankle dorsiflexion angle,the first peak stage of ankle joint,lower limb joint range of motion had no significant difference between the experimental group and the control group in both sides(P＞0.05).③After the intervention,the front-back peak value and the first vertical peak of the bilateral ground reaction force in the experimental group were significantly increased(P＜0.05),while the medial-lateral peak value of the ground reaction force was significantly decreased(P＜0.05).Compared with the control group,there was no significant difference in the backward peak,medial peak of non-domi-nant side and parameters of the dominant side(P＞0.05). Conclusion:The visual walking training based on wearable walking guide devices improve the stability and consistency of gait of PD+FOG.

Clinical analysis of 12 cases of ovarian yolk sac tumor / 中华妇产科杂志

Objective:To investigate the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of ovarian yolk sac tumor (OYST).Methods:The clinicopathological data and follow-up data of 12 patients with OYST admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from January 2013 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed, and the diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of OYST patients were summarized.Results:(1) The age of 12 patients with OYST ranged from 11 to 37 years, with a median age of 20 years. At the first visit, all 12 patients had pelvic masses. Reasons for seeing a doctor: 6 cases of abdominal distension and abdominal pain, 4 cases of mass in the lower abdomen, 1 case of vaginal bleeding, and 1 case of appendicitis. International Federation of Obstetrics and Gynecology (FIGO) 2014 staging: 4 cases in stage Ⅰa, 2 cases in stage Ⅰc, 1 case in stage Ⅱc, 4 cases in stage Ⅲc, and 1 case in stage Ⅳb. (2) All 12 patients were examined by color Doppler ultrasound before operation, among which 10 cases showed unilateral adnexal masses and 2 cases bilateral adnexal masses. The median maximum diameter of tumor was 16.5 cm (range: 6.0-28.0 cm). The preoperative levels of alpha fetoprotein (AFP) in 12 patients (all >1 210 μg/L) were significantly higher than normal (<25 μg/L). Among the 11 patients with cancer antigen 125 (CA 125) detection results, 9 patients showed elevated serum CA 125 levels. (3) Among the 12 patients, 8 young infertile patients who needed to preserve their reproductive function underwent appendectomy, 3 infertile patients underwent staged surgery for ovarian malignant germ cell tumor, and only one bilateral lesion and infertile patient underwent unsatisfactory staged surgery for ovarian malignant germ cell tumor. Of the 12 patients, 11 patients were given combined chemotherapy regimen of bleomycin, cisplatin, and etoposide (BEP) after operation. One patient without chemotherapy developed metastasis 3 months after operation, and was given BEP chemotherapy, and her condition was controlled. (4) The deadline for follow-up was December 31st, 2022, and the median follow-up time was 60 months (range: 25-115 months). All the 12 patients survived without tumor during the follow-up period, and the median disease-free survival time was 84.5 months (range: 25-115 months). Conclusions:OYST mostly occurs in children and young women. Color Doppler ultrasound examination and serum AFP and CA 125 detection have diagnostic value for OYST. Surgical treatment after diagnosis of OYST includes surgery to preserve reproductive function and timely and standardized chemotherapy after operation. The prognosis of patients is good regardless of stage.

Mechanism of Chinese Medicine Against Diabetic Gastroparesis： A Review / 中国实验方剂学杂志

Diabetic gastroparesis （DGP） is a common diabetic neuropathy that affects the normal function of gastric motility and emptying. Clinically， it often manifests as abdominal distension， nausea and vomiting， early satiety， dyspepsia， etc. The pathogenesis of DGP is multifactorial， closely related to many factors， such as chronic hyperglycemia， neuropathy， autonomic nervous system disorders， inflammation， and oxidative stress. These factors can interact with each other， leading to delayed gastric emptying and the occurrence of related symptoms. Traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） has significant advantages in the prevention and treatment of DGP， including a long history， remarkable efficacy， individualized treatment， diverse therapeutic formulations， and improvement in the quality of life. Additionally， TCM is known for its low adverse reactions， good tolerance， and multi-targeted effects， making it an important approach in the management of DGP. Previous research has found that the main mechanisms of Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of DGP include the regulation of gastrointestinal hormones， inhibition of inflammatory responses， reduction of oxidative stress， enhancement of interstitial cells of Cajal activity， inhibition of pyroptosis， and modulation of related signaling pathways such as stem cell factor （SCF）/cellular growth factor receptor （c-Kit）， adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase （AMPK）， Ras homologous genome member A （RhoA）/Rho-associated coiled-coil forming kinase （ROCK）. This article primarily summarized the research progress on Chinese medicine in preventing and treating DGP through the inhibition of inflammatory responses， reduction of oxidative stress， enhancement of interstitial cells of Cajal activity， inhibition of pyroptosis， and regulation of related signaling pathways， aiming to provide a reference and basis for further research on the application value of Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of DGP.

Micro flow imaging for diagnosing closed liver trauma in pigs / 中国医学影像技术

Objective To observe the value of micro flow imaging(MFI)for diagnosing closed liver trauma in pigs.Methods A self-made impactor was used to impact the liver of 15 healthy pigs under general anesthesia and establish pig models of closed liver trauma.Conventional ultrasound,MFI and contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)were used to observe the location,extent and degree of liver trauma.Afterwards,the pigs were executed and the livers were removed,and the liver lesions were observed.According gross pathological findings,the diagnostic efficacy of MFI was analyzed.Results Gross pathology showed a total of 29 liver traumas in 15 pigs.The accuracy rate of conventional ultrasound,MFI and CEUS for diagnosing liver trauma in pigs was 37.93％(11/29),82.76％(24/29)and 96.55％(28/29),respectively.Significant difference was found between conventional ultrasound and MFI,also between conventional ultrasound and CEUS(both P＜0.05),but not between MFI and CEUS(P＞0.05).MFI showed no obvious blood flow signal in more than half pig liver trauma sites,while showed"spring like"in 1 pig and scattered blood flow signals in 5 pigs.On CEUS,liver trauma sites in pigs present as low or no perfusion,while"jet like"contrast agent overflow from the liver was noticed in 1 pig and"spring like"contrast agent overflow in 5 pigs,forming liquid dark areas around the liver or in abdominal cavity.Conclusion MFI had certain value for diagnosing closed liver trauma in pigs,hence being comparable to CEUS.

Leydig cell tumor of ovary with hyperandrogenism: a case report and literature review / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Ovarian Leydig cell tumor(LCT), also known as ovarian testicular stromal cell tumor, is a rare sex cord stromal tumor, accounting for about 0.1% of all ovarian tumors. LCT is often accompanied by clinical manifestations of elevated androgen, and the imaging manifestations sometimes lack specificity. The diagnosis requires histopathological examination. Surgery is the primary treatment method, and postoperative prognosis is generally favorable. This paper retrospectively analyzes the diagnosis and treatment of a patient with LCT in our hospital combining relevant literature, explore the clinical characteristics, diagnosis, and treatment progress of LCT, aiming to improve disease management.

Development and reliability and validity test of questionnaire of knowledge, attitude and practice for intensive care unit nursing staff on prevention of enteral nutrition complications / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To develop a questionnaire of knowledge, attitude and practice for intensive care unit nursing staff on prevention of enteral nutrition complications and test its reliability and validity.Methods:Based on knowledge-attitude-practice theory, the questionnaire was developed by using literature review, group discussion and Delphi expert inquiry.A convenience sampling method was used to select 204 ICU nurses from five hospitals in Tianjin from November to December 2021 for the survey to determine the reliability and validity of the questionnaire.Results:The finalized questionnaire included 3 dimensions and 40 items, explaining 68.499% of the variance. Cronbach alpha coefficients of total questionnaire and each dimension were 0.965, 0.946, 0.914 and 0.908 respectively. The content validity of the questionnaire was 0.929, while it ranged from 0.818 to 1.000 for each item.Conclusions:The questionnaire of knowledge, attitude and practice for intensive care unit nursing staff on prevention of enteral nutrition complications has good reliability and validity, and is suitable for measuring the current knowledge and nursing practice activities of ICU nurses on the prevention of enteral nutrition complications.

Predictive value of the C-reactive protein/albumin ratio in tsutsugamushi disease complicated with organ function damage / 中华急诊医学杂志

Objective:To explore the predictive value of the serum C-reactive protein (CRP)/albumin (ALB) ratio (CAR) for organ damage in tsutsugamushi disease.Methods:The clinical data of 166 patients with tsutsugamushi disease admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from January 1, 2010 to December 31, 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into the organ damage group (72 cases) and non-organ damage group (94 cases) according to the organ damage criteria. The general data and laboratory test results of the two groups of patients were compared. The significant indicators of univariate analysis were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression analysis. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and area under the curve (AUC) were used to analyze the predictive value of CAR for organ damage in patients with tsutsugamushi disease.Results:There were no significant differences in age, sex, days of fever, and admission body temperature between the organ damage group and non-organ damage group ( P>0.05). However, the body mass index, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ), sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA), length of hospital stay, hospitalization expense, percentage of neutrophils (NEUT), lymphocyte count, procalcitonin, CRP, and CAR in the organ damage group were significantly higher than those in the non-organ damage group ( P<0.05), and ALB was significantly lower than that in the non-organ damage group ( P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that APACHEⅡ( P=0.039), NEUT ( P=0.003), and CAR ( P=0.011) were independent risk factors for tsutsugamushi disease complicated by organ damage. The ROC curve showed that the AUCs of APACHEⅡ, NEUT, and CAR were 0.655, 0.716, and 0.727, respectively. When the cut-off value of CAR was 2.86, the sensitivity was 55.6%, and the specificity was 79.8%. Conclusions:Elevated CAR is an independent risk factor for tsutsugamushi disease complicated with organ damage and can be used as an important indicator to evaluate the presence or absence of organ damage in patients with tsutsugamushi disease.

Expression Level of VSIG4 in Breast Cancer and Its Correlation with Immune Infiltration and Prognosis / 肿瘤防治研究

Objective To analyze the infiltration abundance of macrophage M2 in breast cancer tissues and explore the correlation between VSIG4 and macrophage M2 and the potential mechanism of regulating the invasion and migration of breast cancer patients. Methods We downloaded the RNA-seq data of TCGA-BRCA and assessed the infiltration abundance of immune cells in the samples by CIBERSORT, and established a prognostic risk prediction model. Then, we analyzed the effect of macrophage M2 and VSIG4 on the prognosis of breast cancer patients. In addition, we analyzed the signaling pathway associated with VSIG4 by gene set enrichment analysis and predicted its upstream regulation of miRNA. Results The infiltration abundance of macrophage M2, age, PR status and pathological stage were involved in the establishment of risk prediction model, and the model had a good prediction performance (AUC=0.816). High infiltration of macrophage M2 (HR=1.35, P < 0.05) and high expression of VSIG4 (HR=1.4, P=0.039) suggested poor prognosis of breast cancer patients. VSIG4 could be regulated by upstream miR-29a-3p and significantly correlated with Toll-like receptor, cell adhesion, production and release of cytokine. Conclusion VSIG4 is significantly associated with breast cancer patients' prognosis and infiltration of macrophage M2, regulated by the upstream miR-29a-3p and promotes the invasion and migration of breast cancer cells. It can be used as a potential prognostic marker for breast cancer.

Clinical features of direct carotid cavernous fistulas: comparison with indirect carotid cavernous fistulas / 国际脑血管病杂志

Objective:To investigate the clinical features of direct and indirect carotid cavernous fistulas (CCFs).Methods:Patients with CCF treated in the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University from January 2010 to August 2020 were enrolled retrospectively. Relevant clinical data were collected, including the main clinical manifestations, neuroimaging features, and treatment methods. The clinical features of direct and indirect CCFs were compared.Results:A total of 31 patients were enrolled in the study, 29 (93.5%) had ocular symptoms, of which conjunctival hyperemia and edema ( n=24, 77.4%), exophthalmos ( n=19, 61.3%) and orbital murmur ( n=18, 58.1%) were most common. There were 23 patients (74.2%) in direct CCF group and 8 (25.8%) in indirect CCF group. The former had more history of head trauma (78.2% vs. 12.5%; P=0.002), more flow volume (high-flow CCFs: 100% vs. 37.5%; P<0.001) and more likely to cause orbital murmur (69.6% vs. 25.0%; P=0.043). Endovascular embolization was safe and effective. The common methods of endovascular embolization were EVAL glue combined with coil embolization ( n=18, 66.7%) and detachable balloon embolization alone ( n=6, 22.2%). Conclusion:Ocular manifestations are most prominent in patients with CCFs. Direct CCF is more common, usually with a history of head trauma, and the clinical and imaging features are more typical. Interventional embolization is the preferred treatment option for patients with CCF.

Investigation on sleep quality and mental health of nurses in public health emergencies / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To understand the sleep quality and mental health status of nurses in public health emergencies, and analyze the correlation between them.Methods:A total of 128 first-line nursing staff participating in public health emergencies on February 22-23, 2020 in Tianjin Beichen Hospital, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin Fourth Central Hospital were investigated by the general data questionnaire, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90).Results:70.3%(90/128) of nursing staff had poor sleep quality, and the total score of PSQI was (9.71±4.01) points, which was statistically significant compared with the domestic norm ( t value was 16.479, P<0.01). The total score of SCL-90 was 1.59±0.52, which was statistically significant compared with the domestic norm ratio ( t value was 4.505, P<0.01). One-way ANOVA showed that the nursing staff's age had a significant impact on sleep quality, and the difference was statistically significant ( F value was 4.092, P<0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed that the Pittsburgh sleep quality scale index scores and symptom self-assessment scale and somatization, force, sensitive interpersonal relationship, depression, anxiety, hostile, terrorist, paranoia, and psychosis were positively correlated( r values were 0.292-0.444, P< 0.01). Conclusions:The sleep quality and mental health status of nurses in public health emergencies are poor, and the sleep quality is correlated with mental health status.

Preventive effect of airflow shock on micro-aspiration of patients with mechanical ventilation via endotracheal intubation / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To investigate the preventive effect of airflow shock on micro-smoke in patients with mechanical ventilation through oral tracheal intubation.Methods:Using simple random sampling method, 76 patients who underwent mechanical ventilation through oral tracheal intubation in Tianjin First Central Hospital from March 2019 to August 2019 were selected as subjects. They were divided into two groups by the random number table method with 38 cases in each group. The observation group was treated with airflow shock method and intermittent glottic suction. The control group was treated with intermittent glottic suction. The total amount of retentate on the 24 h capsule and the suction tube on the capsule were compared. The incidence of catheter blockage, bacterial culture of the upper respiratory tract and lower respiratory tract secretion, ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) incidence rate, and changes in vital signs of patients before and after operation.Results:The incidence of VAP, the total amount of retentate on the 24 h capsule, the incidence of catheter blockage was 2.9% (1/34), (19.37 ± 5.52) ml, 17.6% (3/34) in the observation group, and 20.0% (7/35), (14.98 ± 3.77) ml, 25.7% (12/35) in the control group, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant ( χ2 values were 4.896, 7.239, t value was 5.315, P<0.05 or 0.01). The positive rate of pathogens in the sac retentate culture was 54.6% (113/207), 149 pathogens, the positive rate of lower respiratory tract secretion pathogen was 12.6% (26/207), and 37 pathogens. The pathogens of the two groups were similar. Gram-negative bacilli mainly, the main dominant bacteria were Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, and there was no significant difference in the ratio of the main pathogens in the sac retentate and lower respiratory tract secretions between the two groups ( P>0.05). There was no significant difference in heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and respiratory changes between the two groups before and after operation ( P>0.05). Conclusions:The airflow impact method combined with the suction under the glottal can effectively remove the airbag wrinkles and the retentate accumulated on the capsule, which can reduce the incidence of suction tube obstruction on the capsule, prevent the occurrence of micro aspiration and reduce the incidence of VAP.

Research on the application of bladder volume evaluation under ultrasound radiography for early removal of indwelling catheter in critical patients / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective@#To evaluate the influence of bedside ultrasound on indwelling catheter removal and bladder function recovery for critically ill patients with long-term indwelling catheter.@*Methods@#Use random sampling to choose 92 patients during October 2018 to December 2018 as research objects, objects were allocated into observation group and control group by random digits table method with 46 cases each. All patients had their indwelling catheter clamped 72 hours after insertion as per routine practice, control group had clamp opened and indwelling catheter drained third hourly during the day and fourth hourly through the night; for patients in observation group, bladder volume were evaluated with USS scanner hourly, indwelling catheter was opened and drained when bladder urine volume was about 300 ml, use the shortest bladder-filling time as the interval for indwelling catheter opening time, increasing the interval by one hour through the night. the leakage rate, first urination time, first urination volume, bladder residual volume, indwelling catheter reinsertion rate, voluntary urination rate for patients from two groups were compared.@*Results@#The incidence of urinary leakage in the observation group was 7.14%(3/42),which lower than that in the control group (25.58%, 11/43), the difference was statistically significant (χ2=5.251, P<0.05). The residual urine volume in the bladder was 16 (8.50, 37.00) ml in the observation group, which lower than that in the control group 41 (13.75, 130.25) ml, the difference was statistically significant (t=2.103, P<0.05). The rate of self-urination was 57.15%(24/42) in the observation group, which higher than that in the control group (34.88%,15/43), the difference was statistically significant (χ2=4.24, P<0.05). Induced urination rate and urethral replacement rate were 7.14%(3/42), 11.9%(5/42), 30.95%(13/42) in the observation group and 9.3%(4/43), 16.28%(7/43), 48.84%(21/43) in the control group respectively. There was no significant difference between the two groups (χ2= 0.131, 0.335, 2.832, P > 0.05). The first urination time was (144.66± 66.13) in the observation group and (179.55± 87.50) in the control group, respectively. There was no significant difference between the two groups(t= 1.623, P > 0.05).@*Conclusions@#The use of bedside USS scan to evaluate the bladder volume of critical patients with indwelling catheter can help facilitate early indwelling catheter removal and encourage patients to regain bladder function.

Observation on the effect of DMAIC in reducing catheter-related urinary tract infection / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective@#To explore the effect of DMAIC(Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control) in reducing catheter-related urinary tract infection.@*Methods@#A retrospective case control method was used to select 578 patients admitted and treated in comprehensive ICU of Tianjin First Central Hospital from January to December 2018 with catheters as research objects.The 283 patients from January to June 2018 were the control group, and 295 patients from July to December 2018 were the observation group.Routine methods were used in the control group, and DMAIC method with 6 sigma management was used in the observation group. The correct rate of implementation of each measure, the utilization rate of urinary catheter and the infection rate between the two groups were compared.@*Results@#Implementation rate of early extubation assessment, urine collection accuracy, urine tube fixed correctly, urine tube cleaning time, urine collection bags location accuracy were 60.42%(171/283), 69.61%(197/283), 79.86%(226/283), 89.40%(253/283), 92.58%(262/283)in the control group, 80.34%(237/295), 90.85%(268/295), 94.92%(280/295), 96.27%(284/295), 97.97%(289/295) in the observation group, the differences were statistically significant (χ2= 9.411-41.415, P < 0.01). The rate of urinary catheter usage was 75.31%(3 856/5 120) in the observation group and 82.60%(4 098/4 961) in the control group, the differences was statistically significant (χ2=80.475, P < 0.01). The rate of catheter associated urinary tract infection was 0.26‰ (1/3 856) in the observation group and 1.95 ‰ (8/4 098) in the control group, the differences was statistically significant (χ2=5.832, P< 0.05).@*Conclusions@#DMAIC can improve the accuracy of nursing measures, optimize the catheter care process, and reduce catheter-related urinary tract infections.

Qualitative and Quantitative Study of Tibetan Medicine Thlaspi semen / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE： To establish the qualitative and quantitative control method of Tibetan medicine Thlaspi semen. METHODS： TLC and HPLC method were used to identify and determine flavonoids isovitexin， swertisin and glucosinolates sinigrin from 15 batches of T. semen. The stationary phases identified by TLC of flavonoids and glucosinolates were polyamide film and high performance silica gel GF254. The developing agents were trichloromethane-methanol-glacial acetic acid （11 ∶ 1 ∶ 1，V/V/V） and ethyl acetate-methanol- triethylamine （4 ∶ 5 ∶ 0.5，V/V/V）. In chromatogram condition of content determination of isovitexin and swertisin， the separation was performed on CAPCELL PAK MGⅡ C18 column with mobile phase composed of acetonitrile-0.4％ glacial acetic acid solution （gradient elution） at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The detection wavelength was set at 336 nm. In chromatogram condition of content determination of sinigrin， the separation was performed on CAPCELL PAK MGⅡ C18 column with mobile phase composed of acetonitrile-0.02 mol/L tetrabutylammonium hydrogen sulfate （15 ∶ 85，V/V，pH 6） at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The detection wavelength was set at 227 nm. RESULTS： In TLC identification chromatogram， spots corresponding to isovitexin， swertisin and sinigrin control were detected in test samples. The linear ranges of isovitexin， swertisin and sinigrin were 1.26-79.00， 1.21-75.38， 12.80-640.00 μg/mL， respectively （all r≥0.999 5）. The limits of detection （LODs） were 0.09， 0.12， 0.15 μg/mL， and limits of quantitation （LOQs） were 0.39， 0.43， 0.54 μg/mL， respectively. RSDs of precision， stability （24 h） and reproducibility tests were all lower than 2.0％（n＝6）. The recoveries were 99.1％， 97.0％ and 98.1％， and RSDs were 1.9％， 1.8％， 1.8％（n＝6），respectively. The contents of isovitexin， swertisin and sinigrin in 15 batches of T. semen were 0.013-0.090， 0.020-0.130 and 18.92-40.75 mg/g， respectively. CONCLUSIONS： Established quality control method is simple， reproducible and stable， and can be used for the quality control of Tibetan medicine T. semen.

Efficiency and safety of genipin collagen crosslinking on rabbit cornea stroma model in vivo / 中华实验眼科杂志

Objective To evaluate the efficiency and safety of genipin collagen crosslinking (G-CXL) on rabbit corneas in vivo.Methods Forty healthy New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into 0.20％ G-CXL,0.25％ G-CXL,standard UVA-CXL and normal control group.And the right eyes were treated in different grouping.No procedures were performed in the normal control group.The corneal curvature (Km) and central corneal thickness (CCT) of right eyes were evaluated before,7 days and 14 days after crosslinking treatment.Cornea strips were harvested from the right eyes and tensile strain measurements were performed 7 days and 14 days after crosslinking treatment.The structure of corneal stroma was observed under light microscope (LM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM).Results No statistically significant differences in Km were observed among different groups or different timepoints (Fgroup =0.301,P=0.825;Ftime =1.287,P=0.284).Significant difference in CCTs was noticed among different time pionts (Ftime =3.786,P =0.029).Compared with preoperative,the CCTs of all the groups were significantly increased 7 days after crosslinking (all at P＜0.05).No significant difference in CCT was found among the groups (Fgroup =0.557,P=0.646).Seven days after crosslinking treatment,the Young's modulus at 10％ strain was (1 1.96±5.74),(21.24±6.77),(18.76±3.34) and (11.56±4.37) MPa in 0.20％ G-CXL group,0.25％ G-CXL group,UVA-CXL group and normal control group,respectively;the stress at 10％ strain was (0.68 ±0.24),(1.20 ± 0.25),(1.0l ± 0.30) and (0.69 ± 0.26) MPa,respectively;the Young's modulus and stress in 0.25％ G-CXL group was significantly increased when compared with those in 0.20％ G-CXL and normal control group (both at P＜0.05).No significant difference in Young's modulus and stress was observed between 0.25％ G-CXL group and UVA-CXL group (all at P＞0.05).Forteen days after crosslinking treatment,Young's modulus at 10％strain was (16.65±3.19),(19.12±2.39),(22.83 ±4.38) and (12.70±2.72)MPa in 0.20％ G-CXL group,0.25％ G-CXL group,UVA-CXL group and normal control group,respectively;stress at 10％ strain was (0.83 ±0.12),(0.97±0.04),(1.23±0.30) and (0.65±0.20) MPa,respectively;the Young's modulus and stress in UVA-CXL group was significantly increased,when compared with 0.20％ G-CXL group and normal control group (all at P＜0.05).Statistical significance of stress was observed between 0.25％ G-CXL group and UVA-CXL group (P =0.046).There is no significant difference in Young's modulus between 0.25％ G-CXL and UVA-CXL group (P =0.090).LM showed the reduction of keratocytes existed in superficial stroma of 0.20％ and 0.25 ％ G-CXL groups,while the reduction of keratocyte was found in anterior and intermediate stroma of UVA-CXL group.In 0.20％ and 0.25％ G-CXL groups,the ultrastructure of keratocytes was normal except vacuole in some keratocytes.Keratocytes apoptosis was noticed in UVA-CXL group and keratocytes was normal in deep stroma under TEM.Conclusions 0.25％ has a similar biomechanics effect when compared to UVA-CXL.Moreover,histological observation proves a better safety of G-CXL in comparison of UVA-CXL.

Progress in the regulation of glucagon secretion in intra islets / 中国糖尿病杂志

In addition to the impaired insulin secretion,the dysregulation of hyperglycermic hormone glucagon also takes part in the development and progress of diabetes,exacerbating the diabetic metabolic outcome.Although there has been a significant breakthrough in the current research on the regulation of insulin secretion,relatively little research on the roleof glucagon has been carried out.Actually,except for the paracrine regulation on glucagon secretion,pancreatic α-cell has also been proposed to be regulated by intrinsic mechanism,juxtacrine-mediated and sodium-glucose cotransporter.Furthermore,some factors outside the islet also affect on the glucagon secretion.Thus,more research on the complex secretory regulation of glucagon will provide a theoretical basis for our further understanding of the development of diabetes.In this review,we will summary the progress in the regulation of glucagon secretion in intra islets.

Association analysis of Acyl ghrelin,Des-acyl ghrelin and its ratio with insulin resistance in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus / 中国综合临床

Objective To explore the association between the different forms of in vivo ghrelin—Acyl ghrelin( AG) ,Des-acyl ghrelin( DAG) and AG/DAG with insulin resistance( IR) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods From June 2017 to November 2017,eighty-three patients with type 2 diabetes hospitalized in (group T2DM) and 40 healthy subjects (group NC) were hospitalized in Jinling Clinical Medicine were selected. Height body mass,blood pressure,blood lipid,glycated hemoglobin ( HbA1c) and fasting blood glucose (FPG),fasting insulin (FINS),and fasting C peptide (F-C-p) were measured,and all subjects were left with fasting serum,and the concentration of AG and DAG were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The body mass index (BMI),total gastric starvation (T-ghrelin) level,AG/DAG,insulin resistance index ( HOMA-IR) , insulin sensitivity index ( HOMA-IS ) and islet beta cell function ( HOMA- beta ) were calculated. The differences of the above indexes between the two groups were compared, and the relationship between AG,DAG,T-ghrelin,AG/DAG and FPG,HOMA-IR,HOMA-IS and HOMA- beta in T2DM patients were analyzed. Results ( 1) There were no significant difference in SBP、DBP、TC、LDL-C、AG between group NC and group T2DM(P>0. 05). Compared with NC group,the age、TG、BMI、HbA1c、FPG、FINS、HOMA-IR、HOMA-β、AG/DAG were significantly higher in T2DM group ( t=2. 690,-1. 990, 0. 873, 14. 257, 10. 528, Z=2. 885,-3. 483,-2. 284;P<0. 01,P<0. 05) . The HDL-C,F-C-p,HOMA-IS,HOMA-beta,DAG and T-ghrelin in group T2DM were lower than those of NC group( t or Z=0. 477,-3. 812,-3. 395,-4. 4,-2. 916,-2. 834;P<0. 05 or P<0. 01) . ( 2) The correlation analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between AG and FPG in T2DM group (r=0. 252,P<0. 05),DAG and T-ghrelin were negatively correlated with HOMA-IR (r=-0. 394,-0. 384,P<0. 05),and AG/DAG was positively correlated with HOMA-IR (r=0. 394,0. 384,P<0. 05),but is negatively correlated with HOMA-IS (r=-0. 292,P<0. 05). (3) multivariate linear regression analysis showed that FPG in T2DM patients were the influencing factors of AG ( t=2. 865,P<0. 05) ,while FINS and BMI were the influencing factors of DAG( t=-2. 808、-0. 330,P<0. 05) andT-ghrelin( t=-2. 725、-0. 330, P<0. 05) . HOMA-IR and BMI are the influencing factors of AG/DAG ( t=3. 718,3. 069,P<0. 05) . Conclusion The levels of DAG and T-ghrelin in group T2DM were significantly lower than those in the normal population, and was negatively correlated with the insulin resistance index,and the ratio of AG/DAG was closely related to insulin resistance,and the level of AG was mainly affected by fasting blood glucose.

Value of CT Features on Differential Diagnosis of Pulmonary Subsolid Nodules and Degree of invasion Prediction in Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma / 中国肺癌杂志

BACKGROUND@#Subsolid pulmonary nodules are common computed tomography (CT) findings of primary lung adenocarcinoma. It is of clinical value to determine the clinical treatment strategies based on CT features. The aim of this study is to find the valuable CT characteristics on differential diagnosis and the degree of invasion prediction by a retrospectively analysis of three groups subsolid nodules, including benign, and invasive adenocarcinoma.@*METHODS@#The CT findings of 106 cases of resected sub-solid nodules were retrospectively analyzed. The nodules were firstly divided into benign and malignant groups and the malignant group was further divided into non/micro-invasive group (atypical adenomatous hyperplasia/adenocarcinoma in situ/minimally invasive adenocarcinoma) and invasive adenocarcinoma group. The nodule size, proportion of solid components, tumor-lung interface, shape, margin, pleural traction, air bronchus sign, vascular abnormalities inside the nodule were evaluated. The univariate analysis (χ2 test, non-parametric test Mann-Whitney U test) was performed to screen statistically significant variables and then enrolled in further multivariate Logistic regression analysis.@*RESULTS@#Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that a clear tumor-lung interface, air bronchus sign, and pulmonary vascular abnormalities were important indicators of malignant nodules with hazard ratios of 38.1 (95%CI: 5.0-287.7; P<0.01), 7.9 (95%CI: 1.3-49.3; P=0.03), 7.2 (95%CI: 1.4-37.0; P=0.02), respectively. The proportion of solid components was the only significant indicator for identifying invasive adenocarcinoma from AAH/AIS/MIA , with a risk ratio of 1.04 (95%CI: 1.01-1.06, P=0.01).@*CONCLUSIONS@#SSNs with clear tumor-lung interface, air bronchus sign, and pulmonary vascular abnormality inside nodule are more likely to be malignant. A higher percentage of solid components indicates a higher likelihood to be an invasive lesion in malignant SPNs.

Relationship between endometrial stem/progenitor cells and gynecological diseases / 中国综合临床

The existence of stern/progenitor cells in the endometrium was postulated many years ago,but the first functional evidence was published in 2004.The study of endometrial stem/progenitor cells had opened up an active field in the subsequent 10 years.Human endometrium has immense regenerative capacity and bilayer structure,in which the upper functionalis is shed at menses and regenerates from the remaining basalis in the subsequent cycle,these characteristics had been the motivation for investigators to identify and characterize endometrial stem/progenitor cell populations.The discovery of specific markers for endometrial stem/progenitor cells has enabled the examination of their role in endometrial proliferative disorders,including endometriosis,adenomyosis and Asherman's syndrome.