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BMC Public Health ; 24(1): 1485, 2024 Jun 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38831431

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of, and risk factors for, genital Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infections within the young adult population are well-established; the same is not known for oral HPV. This observational study aimed to determine oral HPV prevalence and abundance within a UK young adult population, and examine if sexual practices and established risk factors of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (OPSCCs) (such as smoking and alcohol consumption) influenced HPV prevalence. METHODS: Convenience sampling was used to recruit a small sample of 452 UK-based young adults studying at a higher education (HE) institution to the study; the study was not powered. A highly sensitive real-time PCR HPV screening method was developed for the detection of multiple HPV subtypes from oral swabs. HPV-positive samples were subsequently screened by qPCR for viral subtypes HPV-6, HPV-11, HPV-16, HPV-18. Results were analysed by univariate and multivariate methods and stratified for gender, with lifestyle behaviour data collected via questionnaire. Socio-economic status was not captured within the questionnaire. RESULTS: We found a high oral HPV prevalence of 22.79%, with a dominance of high-risk viral type HPV-16 (prevalence 19.12%; abundance average 1.08 × 105 copies/million cells) detected within healthy young adults. Frequent smoking (p = .05), masturbation (p = .029), and engagement in multiple sexual activities (p = .057), were found to be associated with oral HPV prevalence, and HPV-16 prevalence, whilst behaviours traditionally associated with genital HPV were not. CONCLUSIONS: Our results strengthen the link between sexual practices and oral HPV transmission. We suggest that young adults should be considered high-risk for the contraction of oral HPV, although acknowledge that this sample of HE students may not be representative of the wider population. We show that high-risk HPV-16 is prevalent in the healthy population, as well as dominating within OPSCC; this study is one of the first to determine the dominance of oral HPV-16 prevalence and abundance within this population, presenting a clear need for greater awareness of oral HPV infections, and the risk factors for HPV-positive OPSCC within young adults.


Assuntos
Infecções por Papillomavirus , Comportamento Sexual , Humanos , Infecções por Papillomavirus/epidemiologia , Masculino , Feminino , Fatores de Risco , Prevalência , Adulto Jovem , Reino Unido/epidemiologia , Comportamento Sexual/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto , Adolescente , Neoplasias Orofaríngeas/epidemiologia , Neoplasias Orofaríngeas/virologia , Papillomaviridae/isolamento & purificação , Papillomaviridae/genética , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase em Tempo Real , Papillomavirus Humano
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