Effect and mechanism of PNU-282987 on cognitive function of temporal lobe epilepsy model rats / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect and mechanism of α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor （α7nAChR） agonists PNU-282987 on cognitive function in temporal lobe epilepsy （TLE） model rats. METHODS Sixty rats were randomly divided into control group， model group， PNU-282987 group （3 mg/kg） and methyllycaconitine （MLA）+PNU-282987 group （6 mg/kg MLA+3 mg/kg PNU-282987）， with 15 rats in each group. Except for control group， the TLE model was established in the other groups. After the model was successfully established， each group was given relevant medicine or normal saline intraperitoneally， once a day， for two consecutive weeks. The epilepsy attack of rats was observed and scored， and the duration of seizures was recorded； the cognitive function of rats was detected； pathological morphology of neurons in CA1 region was observed； the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， interleukin-6 （IL-6） and IL-1β in the hippocampus were detected； the positive expressions of ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule-1 （IBA-1）， α7nAChR， nuclear factor-κB （NF-κB） p65， p-NF-κB p65 in the hippocampus were detected. RESULTS Compared with model group， the score and duration of seizures， the number of IBA-1 positive cells， the levels of TNF- α， IL-6 and IL-1β， the expressions of NF- κB p65 and p-NF- κB p65 protein decreased significantly in the hippocampus （P＜0.05）； the escape latency time was shortened significantly （P＜0.05）， the time spent in the original platform quadrant and times of crossing the platform increased significantly （P＜0.05）； neuronal damage in the CA1 region of the hippocampus was significantly reduced； the expression of α7nAChR protein increased significantly in hippocampus （P＜0.05）. Compared with PNU-282987 group， the above indexes of rats in MLA+PNU-282987 group were reversed significantly （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS PNU-282987 could improve cognitive dysfunction in TLE model rats， and its mechanism may be associated with inhibiting microglia-mediated inflammatory response through α7nAChR/NF- κB signaling pathway， thus reducing hippocampal neuronal damage.

New mutations of CCM1 gene in a family with familial multiple cerebral cavernous malformation / 中华神经医学杂志

Objective:To investigate the characteristics of new mutations of CCM1 gene in a family with familial multiple cerebral cavernous malformation (CCM). Methods:A family with familial multiple CCM diagnosed in our hospital in 2013 and followed up for a long time were selected in our study. Peripheral blood samples and/or pathological tissue samples of some patients and healthy subjects in this family were collected for full exon sequencing of genomic DNA. Combined with the databases of Clin Var, HGMD and ExAC, the possible pathogenic genes in this family were screened by bioinformatics analysis; the three-dimensional structure prediction analysis of protein products was performed and Sanger sequencing was used to verify the pathogenic genes.Results:Whole exon sequencing showed that a novel deletion-frameshift mutation (c.1635delA) in CCM1 gene was noted in these patients, and this mutation leaded to deletion of reference nucleobase "T" ; this deletion had not been reported; while no above mutation was noted in the healthy subjects. Sanger sequencing showed that deletion of nucleobase "A" was noted in 1635 locus, No. 15 exon of CCM1 gene; this deletion would result in changes of CCM1 gene reading frame, which leaded to premature appearance of termination codon TAG at nucleotide of position 1652-1654. Three-dimensional structure prediction analysis showed that this new mutation might lead to the lack of Ferm-3 domain in the C-terminal of KRIT1 protein. Conclusion:The new deletion-frameshift mutation (c.1635delA) of CCM1 gene in this family leads to familial multiple CCM.

Impact of change of ideal cardiovascular behavior and related factors on healthy vascular aging / 中华心血管病杂志

Objective@#To investigate the impact of change of ideal cardiovascular behavior and related factors on healthy vascular aging(HVA).@*Methods@#This study was a multi-center cross-sectional survey. Six thousand three hundred and sixteen participants who underwent at least 2 healthy examinations from 2006 to 2015 at 11 hospitals, including Kailuan Hospital and so on, and examined brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) during 2010 and 2016, with available information about cardiovascular behavior and factors were included. The cardiovascular health score (CHS) was calculated. Basic CHS was collected from the first examination. The second CHS derived from the healthy examination in the same year of baPWV examination. Change of cardiovascular health score (ΔCHS) was calculated. Participants were defined into 5 groups according to ΔCHS, namely ΔCHS≤-2 (n=2 166), ΔCHS=-1 (n=1 284), ΔCHS=0 (n=1 187), ΔCHS=1 (n=860), and ΔCHS≥2 (n=819). Participants′ characteristics, value of baPWV and proportion of HVA were compared among different groups. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the association between ΔCHS and HVA. The ΔCHS was recalculated and included in multiple logistic regression analysis model again after each component of the cardiovascular health metrics was removed separately in order to investigate effects of removal factors on HVA by observing changes in effect values.@*Results@#The percentage of the participants with HVA in the group of ΔCHS≤-2, ΔCHS=-1, ΔCHS=0, ΔCHS=1 and ΔCHS≥2 were 23.3%(505/2 166), 27.8%(357/1 284), 28.7%(341/1 187),31.9%(274/860) and 33.9%(278/819), respectively. After adjustment for age, sex, income, education, alcohol consumption and the basic CHS, a significant positive association between ΔCHS and proportion of participants with HVA was observed (OR=1.50, 95%CI 1.44-1.56). Multiple regression analysis after removing each single cardiovascular behavior or factor showed that the OR value decreased as follow systolic blood pressure (OR=1.04, 95%CI 1.00-1.09), fasting blood glucose (OR=1.14, 95%CI 1.09-1.18), physical exercise (OR=1.16, 95%CI 1.11-1.21), salt intake (OR=1.17, 95%CI 1.12-1.22), body mass index (OR=1.18, 95%CI 1.13-1.23), smoking(OR=1.18, 95%CI 1.13-1.23) and total cholesterol (OR=1.20, 95%CI 1.16-1.24).@*Conclusion@#The improvement of every ideal cardiovascular behavior and factor is associated with the increase of the proportion of HVA population.

Efficacy of continuous irrigation combined with closed thoracic drainage for esophagojejunal anastomotic fistula complicated with mediastinal, thoracic and abdominal infections / 中华胃肠外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the clinical efficacy of continuous irrigation combined with closed thoracic drainage for esophagojejunal anastomotic fistula (EJAF) complicated with mediastinal, thoracic and abdominal infection after total gastrectomy.@*METHODS@#Clinical data of 22 EJAF patients complicated with mediastinal, thoracic and abdominal infection after radical gastrectomy at Department of General Surgery of the 901th Hospital of PLA from June 2012 to May 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Case inclusion criteria:(1) gastric adenocarcinoma confirmed by preoperative endoscopic pathology undergoing radical total gastrectomy without severe organ dysfunction;(2)EJAF complicated with mediastinal, thoracic and abdominal infections diagnosed by postoperative radiography, the presence of pleural effusion confirmed by CT and ultrasound. Among them, 10 cases were treated with simple thoracic closed drainage (single drainage group); 12 cases received same closed thoracic drainage, and a rubber catheter was placed next to the closed thoracic drainage tube in the same sinus. A 0.9% sodium chloride solution was applied in continuous drip irrigation with drip velocity at 50 to 100 ml/h(continuous flushing plus drainage group). Infection indicators, anastomotic fistula healing time and related clinical indicators were compared between the two groups.@*RESULTS@#In the simple drainage group, 5 cases were males, age was (61.9±10.7) years old, 4 cases received laparoscopic surgery, 6 cases received open surgery, 6 cases were EJAF grade III, 4 cases were EJAF IV. In continuous flushing and drainage group, 6 cases were males, age was (61.7±11.0) years old, 7 cases received laparoscopic surgery, 5 cases received open surgery, 6 cases were EJAF grade III, and 6 cases were EJAF grade IV. Baseline data including gender, age, underlying diseases, preoperative hematological examination indexes, surgical methods, tumor TNM stage and EJAF grade were not significantly different between the two groups (all P>0.05). When postoperative EJAF was complicated with mediastinal, thoracic and abdominal infection, biochemical parameters including white blood cell, procalcitonin, C-reactive protein were not significantly different between two groups (all P>0.05). All patients of both groups achieved clinical cure without death. Compared with the simple drainage group after closed thoracic drainage, the continuous irrigation plus drainage group had significantly shorter duration of infection parameters returning to normal levels [white blood cell count: (6.8 ± 2.0) days vs.(10.5±3.0) days, t=4.062, P<0.001; procalcitonin: (7.5±1.0) days vs. (9.2±1.9) days, t=3.236, P=0.040; C-reactive protein: (8.8±1.0) days vs. (11.2±1.5) days, t=5.177, P<0.001], meanwhile time in surgical ICU [(4.9±2.5) days vs. (9.9±6.7) days, t=2.935, P=0.006], healing time of fistula [(42.9±12.5) days vs. (101.8±53.2) days, t=4.187, P=0.001] and total postoperative hospital stay [(62.3±15.8) days vs. (119.7 ±59.4) days, t=3.634, P=0.002] were significantly shorter, and total hospitalization cost was significantly lower (median 86 000 yuan vs. 124 000 yuan, Z=2.063, P=0.040) in the continuous irrigation plus drainage group.@*CONCLUSION@#The continuous closed thoracic drainage with 0.9% sodium chloride solution can accelerate infection control and remission of EJAF patients complicated with mediastinal, thoracic and abdominal infections, and shorten the healing time of anastomotic fistula.

Relationship Between Longitudinal Trajectory of Systolic Blood Pressure and Atrial Fibrillation Occurrence in Kailuan Group Population / 中国循环杂志

Objective: To explore the relationship between longitudinal trajectory of systolic blood pressure (SPB) and atrial fibrillation (AF) in Kailuan group population. Methods: Our study cohort consisted of 40727 participants with the specific criteria in Kailuan group, Tangshan. SAS Proc Traj procedure was used to identify longitudinal trajectories of SPB throughout 2006-2007, 2008-2009 and 2010-2011. There were 5 longitudinal trajectories generated: Low-stable group,n=10950, Moderate-stable group, n=19158, Moderate-high stable group,n=3713, High-moderate stable group,n=4702 and High stable group,n=2181. Log-rank test was performed to compare AF incidence throughout 2012-2013 and 2014-2015 by physical examination among different groups; Multi Cox regression analysis was conducted to study the relationship among different SBP longitudinal trajectories and AF occurrence. Results:①The mean age of participants was (51.81±11.54) years including 30693 (75.4%) male.②AF occurrence rates in Low-stable, Moderate-stable, Moderate-high stable, High-moderate stable and High stable groups were 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.5%, 0.5% and 0.6% respectively, allP<0.05.③Multi Cox regression analysis presented that with adjusted confounding factors, compared with the patients in Low-stable group, Moderate-high stable, High-moderate stable and High stable SBP longitudinal trajectories were the risk factors for new AF occurrence (HR=7.58, 95% CI 2.08-27.73), (HR=5.30, 95% CI 1.88-14.95) and (HR=8.52, 95% CI 1.96-37.09) respectively, allP<0.05. With excluded history of myocardial infarction/stroke, the sensitivity study showed the similar result with the major research trend. Conclusion: Elevated long trajectory of SPB was the risk factor for new AF occurrence in Kailuan group population.

Predictive Value of Inflammatory Factors on All Cause Mortality in Normal Population：6.9 Years Follow-up Results in Kailuan Group for 83,000 Subjects / 中国循环杂志

Objective: To explore the predictive value of inlfammatory factors on all cause mortality in normal population. Methods: In our prospective cohort study, a total of 83,228 subjects from physical examination of Kailuan group from 2006-07 to 2007-10 were enrolled, nobody had acute inlfammation. The death information was collected once per year and the last follow-up was conducted in 2013-12-31. According to baseline levels, white blood cells (WBC), ratio of neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (N/L) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were respectively divided into 4 Quartile groups; all cause mortality was compared among different groups and their risks were studied by multi-Cox regression analysis. Results: The average follow-up time was 6.9 years. All cause mortality in Quartile 1, Quartile 2, Quartile 3 and Quartile 4 groups for WBC were 4.2%, 4.5%, 4.5% and 5.0% respectively; for N/L were 3.3%, 3.6%, 4.5% and 6.7% respectively; for CRP were 3.0%, 3.6%, 4.8% and 6.8% respectively. Multi-Cox regression analysis indicated that with adjusted age, gender, waist and other confounders, by elevation of WBC, N/R and CRP, the risks of all cause mortality were increased accordingly, and the risks in Quartile 4 groups were higher than those in Quartile 1 groups as for WBC, it was 1.17-time (95% CI 1.06-1.29);for N/L, it was 1.44-time (95% CI 1.31-1.59); for CRP, it was 1.33-time (95% CI 1.20-1.47) respectively. Conclusion: Elevated WBC, N/R and CRP are independent risk factors for all cause mortality in normal population.

Relationship Between the Changes of Cardiovascular Health Indicator and Arteriosclerosis in Middle and Elder Population / 中国循环杂志

Objective: To investigate the changes of cardiovascular health indicator and arteriosclerosis in middle and elder population. Methods: A total of 4190 subjects with the average age of (49.78 ± 9.74) years by 3 physical examinations in Kailuan group from 2006 to 2011 were randomly stratiifed for arm ankle arterial pulse wave velocity (baPWV) examination. According to 7 AHA cardiovascular health indicators of non-smoking, normal BMI, active excise, healthy diet, normal cholesterol, blood pressure and fasting blood glucose, each indicator had 3 conditions as ideal, general and poor by scores of 2, 1 and 0 respectively. Based on the 1st and 3rd physical examinations, the changes of cardiovascular health scores (△CHS), the subjects were divided into 8 groups as△CHS≤-4,-3,-2,-1, 0, 1, 2 and△CHS≥3, n=241, 368, 611, 855, 911, 647, 354 and 203 respectively. The impacts of△CHS on baPWV values were studied by liner and Logistic regression analyses. Results: As△CHS increased by △CHS ≤ -4, -3,-2,-1,0,1, 2 and△CHS ≥ 3, the baPWV values were decreased accordingly by cm/s as (1590.78 ± 17.93), (1566.4 ± 14.5), (1552.83 ± 11.25), (1536.59 ± 9.51), (1508.85 ± 9.21), (1499.81 ± 10.93), (1485.92 ± 14.82) and (1475.85 ± 19.57) respectively. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that with adjusted confounding factors, as△CHS increasing 1 score, baPWV increasing 15.58 cm/s (B=15.58, P Conclusion: △CHS was negatively related to baPWV in middle and elder subjects, improving cardiovascular health indicator may decrease arteriosclerosis occurrence.

Efficacy of preoperative biliary drainage in the pancreaticoduodenectomy for malignant obstructive jaundice: a Meta analysis / 中华消化外科杂志

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of preoperative biliary drainage (PBD) in the pancreaticoduodenectomy for malignant obstructive jaundice.Methods Database including PubMed,EMBASE,Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials,Academic Degree Dissertation Database and Conference Database were searched with malignant obstructive jaundice,pancreaticoduodenectomy,preoperative biliary drainage,comparative study.Literatures about the randomized controlled trials of PBD (PBD group) and efficacy of early surgery (ES group) in the pancreaticoduodenectomy were retrieved from January 2001 to December 2013,and then a Meta analysis was carried out based on the data.The count data were analyzed using the odds ratio (OR),relative risk (RR) and 95％ confidence interval (95％ CI),and the measurement data were analyzed using mean difference (MD) and 95％ CI.The heterogeneity of the data was analyzed using the I2 test.Data were integrated by fixed or random effect model.Results Twelve literatures including 1 982 patients were selected.There were 1 029 patients in the PBD group and 953 in the ES group.The results of Meta analysis showed that the operation time,volume of blood loss and rate of postoperative wound infection in the PBD group were significantly different from those in the ES group (MD =10.50,107.92,95％ CI:6.34-14.66,16.43-199.42;RR =1.62,95％CI:1.19-2.21,P ＜0.05).There were no significant differences in the postoperative mortality,incidence of pancreatic fistula,incidence of bile leakage,incidence of delayed gastric emptying and duration of hospital stay between the 2 groups (RR=0.69,95％CI:0.52-0.92;OR =0.68,1.35,95％CI:0.38-1.21,0.93-1.95;MD =0.69,95％CI:-0.67-2.05;RR =0.00,95％ CI:-0.02-0.01,P ＞0.05).Conclusion PBD in the pancreaticoduodenectomy for malignant obstructive jaundice cannot reduce postoperative mortality and incidence of complications in patients,and should not be used as the conventional management in the perioperative period.

Effect of Eclipta alba on learning and memory ability and brain derived neurotrophic factor with Alzheimer's rats / 中华行为医学与脑科学杂志

Objective To study the effect of Eclipta alba on learning and memory ability and brain derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF) in brain of Alzheimer's disease (AD) model rats.Methods Healthy adult SD rats were randomly divided into control group,model group,low dosage group and high dosage group.There were 10 rats in each group.The model of Alzheimer's disease was established with subcutaneous injection of D-galactose and microinjection Aβ25-35 on bilateral hippocampus.All rats were treated with saline solution or different dosage of Eclipta alba respectively lasting 8 weeks.Then the ability of learning and memory of AD rats was evaluated by the Morris water maze test.The levels of expression of BDNF in brain were determined by immunohistochemical staining method and Western Blot method.Results The Morris water maze test:the average escape latent period prolonged besides the percentage of the swimming time in the target quadrant from the total swimming time and the times across the platform((34.14± 1.43) s,(33.71±3.82) ％,(3.40±0.70) times) decreased significantly in model group compared with control group((18.83±0.62) s,(41.98±3.96) ％,(5.40± 1.17) times,P＜0.01).The average escape latent period shortened besides the percentage of the swimming time in the target quadrant from the total swimming time and the times across the platform increased significantly in high dosage group compared with the model group (P＜0.01).Immunohistochemical staining and Western blot:the level of expression of BDNF in brain in model group was prominently less than control group (P＜ 0.01).The BDNF level in drug treated groups was prominently higher than model group(P＜0.01).The expression of BDNF increased with the drug dosage increasing.Conclusion Eclipta alba can improve the learning and memory function of AD rats by enhance the expression of BDNF.

Study on the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among diabetic population / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To observe the prevalence of metabolic syndrome(MS) among people with diabetes.Methods 9 275 diabetic patients (FPG was ≥7.0 mmol/L or FPG＜7.0 mmol/L but diagnosed as diabetes or having history of diabetes,or were under hypoglycemic agents treatment) of 101 510 employees of Kailuan group who took physical check-up between 2006 and 2007,were recruited to take part in this study.Using the latest defined diagnostic criteria on MS from the 2010 hypertension guidelines,prevalence of MS among the population was analyzed,according to age and gender.Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to test the relevant factors of MS.Results There were 6 105 cases with MS among the population with the prevalence as 65.8％ (female:70.0％,male:64.9％).Stratified by age and gender,the prevalence rates of MS among young-age group,middle-age group and elderly group were 59.7％,66.0％ and 68.8％,respectively.The prevalence in males among the three groups was 61.4％,64.9％ and 67.0％,respectively.The prevalence rates in females among the three groups were 50.3％,70.7％ and 78.8％,respectively Stratified by age and gender,the prevalence of waist abnormal in female was the highest (100.0％) in the youth group that with MS.However,the prevalence of dyslipidemia appeared the highest (86.3％) in males.In the elderly group with MS,the prevalence of abnormal blood pressure was the highest in both males and females,up to 96.0％.Results from multi-factor logistic regression analysis showed that cigarette smoking would increase the risk of developing MS in the youth group (OR=1.89,95％CI:1.09-3.28) and the risk of developing MS of man was lower than women in the middle-aged group (OR=0.77,95％ CI:0.67-0.89; OR=0.48,95％ CI:0.35-0.66).Conclusion In the diabetic population,MS prevalence in female appeared to be higher than in males.The prevalence of MS tended to increase with age.Cigarette smoking could increase the risk of MS in the youth group.

Relationship between‘ideal’ cardiovascular behaviors and factors and the incidence of hypertension / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To explore the relationship between‘ideal’cardiovascular behaviors and factors and the incidence of hypertension. Methods A prospective cohort study including 52 133 workers who had participated in the 2006-2007 Kailuan health examination without history of cerebral infraction,myocardial infarction or hypertension but with complete data,was carried out. All workers were followed on their occurrence of hypertension. According to the AHA definition of‘ideal’ cardiovascular health behaviors and factors,the cumulative incidence rates of hypertension in different groups were calculated under the life table method,and compared by Log-rank test,Cox proportional hazards regression was used to calculate the hazard rations and 95% confidence intervals for baseline behaviors and factors. Results The cumulative incidence rates of hypertension according 0-1,2,3,4, 5-7 ideal cardiovascular health behaviors and factors were 65.72%,59.14%,54.59%,50.24% and 34.22%,respectively in the 0-1,2,3,4,5-7 groups. Data from the Cox proportional hazards model showed that after adjusting for age,education level and family history of hypertension,the ones who had 2,3,4,5-7 ideal cardiovascular behaviors/factors were 0.75,0.69,0.63,0.36 times more than those who had 0-1 ideal behaviors. Conclusion The incidence of hypertension and risk reduced along with the increase of ideal cardiovascular health behaviors and factors.

Influence of blood uric acid on all-cause deaths / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To explore the association between serum uric acid (SUA) and all-cause mortality in men. Methods In this prospective cohort study,data being used was derived from the Kailuan study cohort. A total of 81 110 male workers who had taken part in the Kailuan physical examination were enrolled. Subjects with previous myocardial infarction,stroke,cancer, eGFR<30 ml/(min·1.73 m2)accidental deaths and those ever used drugs that seemed to have showed an effect on blood uric acid,were excluded. All the information was gathered from a unified questionnaire,measured by blood biochemistry and with the mean period of follow up as(47.5±4.3) months. Based on the 2006-2007 SUA value,observed objects were divided into five groups,with multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis used to estimate the relationship between SUA and all-cause mortality in men. Results 1)At the end of the follow-up period in 2010-2011, the number of deaths were 315,278,243,292 and 341 among the different SUA quinte,with incidence rates of all-cause mortality as 2.43%,2.36%,1.96%,2.42%and 2.92%,respectively. 2)Data from the Single factor Cox proportional hazard regression analysis showed that,when comparing with the third quinte,HR values of the all-cause mortality were 1.32(1.11-1.56),1.19(1.00-1.41),1.20(1.01-1.43)and 1.41(1.19-1.66)in other four groups,respectively. 3)When factors were adjusted for age, systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,body mass index,triglyceride,total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, fasting glucose, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein,smoking history and history of drinking,education,profession, economy,etc.,results from the Multiple Cox proportional hazard regression analysis showed the HR values of the all-cause mortality were 1.26(1.06-1.51),1.20(1.01-1.44),1.25(1.05-1.49),1.42 (1.19-1.68) in other four groups,respectively,comparing to the third quinte. Conclusion Using SUA as the independent risk factor of all-cause mortality,the exceptional levels of SUA were associated with an increasing risk for all-cause mortality while the association of SUA with all-cause mortality appeared an“U”shaped curve.

Relationship between‘ideal’ cardiovascular behaviors and factors and the incidence of hypertension / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To explore the relationship between‘ideal’cardiovascular behaviors and factors and the incidence of hypertension. Methods A prospective cohort study including 52 133 workers who had participated in the 2006-2007 Kailuan health examination without history of cerebral infraction,myocardial infarction or hypertension but with complete data,was carried out. All workers were followed on their occurrence of hypertension. According to the AHA definition of‘ideal’ cardiovascular health behaviors and factors,the cumulative incidence rates of hypertension in different groups were calculated under the life table method,and compared by Log-rank test,Cox proportional hazards regression was used to calculate the hazard rations and 95% confidence intervals for baseline behaviors and factors. Results The cumulative incidence rates of hypertension according 0-1,2,3,4, 5-7 ideal cardiovascular health behaviors and factors were 65.72%,59.14%,54.59%,50.24% and 34.22%,respectively in the 0-1,2,3,4,5-7 groups. Data from the Cox proportional hazards model showed that after adjusting for age,education level and family history of hypertension,the ones who had 2,3,4,5-7 ideal cardiovascular behaviors/factors were 0.75,0.69,0.63,0.36 times more than those who had 0-1 ideal behaviors. Conclusion The incidence of hypertension and risk reduced along with the increase of ideal cardiovascular health behaviors and factors.

Influence of blood uric acid on all-cause deaths / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To explore the association between serum uric acid (SUA) and all-cause mortality in men. Methods In this prospective cohort study,data being used was derived from the Kailuan study cohort. A total of 81 110 male workers who had taken part in the Kailuan physical examination were enrolled. Subjects with previous myocardial infarction,stroke,cancer, eGFR<30 ml/(min·1.73 m2)accidental deaths and those ever used drugs that seemed to have showed an effect on blood uric acid,were excluded. All the information was gathered from a unified questionnaire,measured by blood biochemistry and with the mean period of follow up as(47.5±4.3) months. Based on the 2006-2007 SUA value,observed objects were divided into five groups,with multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis used to estimate the relationship between SUA and all-cause mortality in men. Results 1)At the end of the follow-up period in 2010-2011, the number of deaths were 315,278,243,292 and 341 among the different SUA quinte,with incidence rates of all-cause mortality as 2.43%,2.36%,1.96%,2.42%and 2.92%,respectively. 2)Data from the Single factor Cox proportional hazard regression analysis showed that,when comparing with the third quinte,HR values of the all-cause mortality were 1.32(1.11-1.56),1.19(1.00-1.41),1.20(1.01-1.43)and 1.41(1.19-1.66)in other four groups,respectively. 3)When factors were adjusted for age, systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,body mass index,triglyceride,total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, fasting glucose, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein,smoking history and history of drinking,education,profession, economy,etc.,results from the Multiple Cox proportional hazard regression analysis showed the HR values of the all-cause mortality were 1.26(1.06-1.51),1.20(1.01-1.44),1.25(1.05-1.49),1.42 (1.19-1.68) in other four groups,respectively,comparing to the third quinte. Conclusion Using SUA as the independent risk factor of all-cause mortality,the exceptional levels of SUA were associated with an increasing risk for all-cause mortality while the association of SUA with all-cause mortality appeared an“U”shaped curve.

Influence of blood uric acid on all-cause deaths / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the association between serum uric acid (SUA) and all-cause mortality in men.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In this prospective cohort study, data being used was derived from the Kailuan study cohort. A total of 81 110 male workers who had taken part in the Kailuan physical examination were enrolled. Subjects with previous myocardial infarction, stroke, cancer, eGFR < 30 ml/(min × 1.73 m(2)) accidental deaths and those ever used drugs that seemed to have showed an effect on blood uric acid, were excluded. All the information was gathered from a unified questionnaire, measured by blood biochemistry and with the mean period of follow up as (47.5 ± 4.3) months. Based on the 2006-2007 SUA value, observed objects were divided into five groups, with multivariate Cox proportional hazard regression analysis used to estimate the relationship between SUA and all-cause mortality in men.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>1) At the end of the follow-up period in 2010-2011, the number of deaths were 315, 278, 243, 292 and 341 among the different SUA quinte, with incidence rates of all-cause mortality as 2.43%, 2.36%, 1.96%, 2.42% and 2.92%, respectively. 2) Data from the Single factor Cox proportional hazard regression analysis showed that, when comparing with the third quinte, HR values of the all-cause mortality were 1.32 (1.11-1.56), 1.19 (1.00-1.41), 1.20 (1.01-1.43) and 1.41 (1.19-1.66) in other four groups, respectively. 3) When factors were adjusted for age, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, body mass index, triglyceride, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, fasting glucose, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein, smoking history and history of drinking, education, profession, economy, etc., results from the Multiple Cox proportional hazard regression analysis showed the HR values of the all-cause mortality were 1.26 (1.06-1.51), 1.20 (1.01-1.44), 1.25(1.05-1.49), 1.42 (1.19-1.68) in other four groups, respectively, comparing to the third quinte.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Using SUA as the independent risk factor of all-cause mortality, the exceptional levels of SUA were associated with an increasing risk for all-cause mortality while the association of SUA with all-cause mortality appeared an "U" shaped curve.</p>

Relationship between 'ideal' cardiovascular behaviors and factors and the incidence of hypertension / 中华流行病学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the relationship between 'ideal' cardiovascular behaviors and factors and the incidence of hypertension.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A prospective cohort study including 52 133 workers who had participated in the 2006-2007 Kailuan health examination without history of cerebral infraction, myocardial infarction or hypertension but with complete data, was carried out. All workers were followed on their occurrence of hypertension. According to the AHA definition of 'ideal' cardiovascular health behaviors and factors, the cumulative incidence rates of hypertension in different groups were calculated under the life table method, and compared by Log-rank test, Cox proportional hazards regression was used to calculate the hazard rations and 95% confidence intervals for baseline behaviors and factors.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The cumulative incidence rates of hypertension according 0-1, 2, 3, 4, 5-7 ideal cardiovascular health behaviors and factors were 65.72%, 59.14%, 54.59%, 50.24% and 34.22%, respectively in the 0-1, 2, 3, 4, 5-7 groups. Data from the Cox proportional hazards model showed that after adjusting for age, education level and family history of hypertension, the ones who had 2, 3, 4, 5-7 ideal cardiovascular behaviors/factors were 0.75, 0.69, 0.63, 0.36 times more than those who had 0-1 ideal behaviors.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The incidence of hypertension and risk reduced along with the increase of ideal cardiovascular health behaviors and factors.</p>

Impact of ideal cardiovascular health behaviors and factors on resting heart rate in individuals without cardiovascular diseases / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the impact of ideal cardiovascular health behaviors and factors on resting heart rate (RHR).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A cross-sectional study method was used in our study.83 824 workers who had participated in the 2006-2007 Kailuan health examination were included, individuals with arrhythmia, hemoglobin ≤ 90g/L, taking drugs which might affect RHR, history of cerebral infarction or myocardial infarction or cancer were excluded.Related information was obtained from the unified questionnaire, blood biochemistry was performed. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the impact of ideal cardiovascular health behaviors and factors on the RHR.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) The RHR was (76.4 ± 10.3), (75.2 ± 10.3), (74.3 ± 9.9), (73.6 ± 10.0), (72.6 ± 9.9), (72.1 ± 9.7) and (71.8 ± 9.2) beats/min in workers whose number of ideal cardiovascular health behaviors and factors was 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and ≥ 6 respectively (P < 0.01). (2) Multivariate logistic regression showed that, after adjusted by gender, age, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-sensitive C-reactive protein, tea drinking, alcohol drinking, the risk of RHR ≥ 80 beats/min gradually reduces along with the increasing of number of ideal cardiovascular health behaviors and factors (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and ≥ 6) compared with those who did not have ideal cardiovascular health behaviors and factors, the value of OR (95%CI) was 0.79 (0.71-0.87), 0.68 (0.62-0.75), 0.61 (0.55-0.67), 0.52 (0.47-0.58), 0.50 (0.44-0.56), 0.49 (0.40-0.60) respectively.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Ideal cardiovascular health behavior and factors is related to lower RHR in individuals without cardiovascular diseases.</p>

Microarray-captured next-generation sequencing as a diagnostic platform for detecting small mutations in Duchenne muscular dystrophy / 中华神经科杂志

Objective To set up a new diagnostic platform based on microarray exon-capture and next-generation sequencing for detecting small mutations in dystrophin gene.The sensitivity and specificity of the method were assessed in clinical settings and the distribution of small mutations in Chinese Duchenne muscular dystrophy/Becker muscular dystrophy (DMD/BMD) patients were also analyzed.Methods Forty-one DMD/BMD patients diagnosed by the clinical criteria without large deletion or duplication (≥ 1exon) were recruited from Peking Union Medical College Hospital consecutively.Genomic DNA was extracted from blood samples.The libraries were prepared.Then exon and intron-exon flanking sequences of DMD gene were captured by custom microarray.Targeted next-generation sequencing and Sanger Sequencing were conducted.The patients who were not detected any disease-causing mutation were performed muscle biopsy.Results Thirty-eight subjects were detected small mutations in DMD gene.All single nucleotide variants (SNVs) and insertion & deletions (INDELs) were validated by Sanger sequencing.Twenty-one novel mutations were reported.The distribution of SNVs and INDELs was similar to other international DMD databases.Upon immunohistochemistry staining of dystrophin protein,1 of 3 mutation-undetected patients was diagnosed as DMD,2 of them were excluded.The specificity of the method was 100％,while the sensitivity was 97.4％.Conclusions Our microarray-captured next-generation sequencing assay could detect SNVs and INDELs with high sensitivity and specificity.Its advantages are economic,time-saving and stable.The platform is suitable for clinical gene diagnosis.

Investigation of male urinogenital clue cell and its relationship with male infertility / 中国医师杂志

Objective To investigate the relationship between clue cell in semen and male infertility. Method Semen specimens from 957 patients were examined with microscope. Gram staining was performed when clue cell were found to be present in semen. At the same time, general characteristics of the sperm were analyzed. Results There were clue cells in 23. 5% (225/957) of the total specimens, in which, 95. 1% clue cells were gram staining positive. The concentration and vitality of living sperm in semen presented with clue cell were significantly lower, but the abnormal sperm and pH value were much higher than that in normal control (P<0.01). In addition, 28 sexual partners of 30 infertility patients were identified as having bacterial vaginosis. Conclusion Gardnerella vaginalis and short coccohacillus were mostly transmitted from infected sexual partner. It could cause squamous epithelial cell forming clue cell, and lead to infertility by chan-ging pH which mainly affect reproduction of the sperm. This study suggested that clue cell has a unique vale for the diagnosis of infertility causing by Gardnerella vaginalis and short coccohacillus.