RESUMO
Bidens pilosa L. (Asteraceae) has been used historically in traditional Asian medicine and is known to have a variety of biological effects. However, the specific active compounds responsible for the individual pharmacological effects of Bidens pilosa L. (B. pilosa) extract have not yet been made clear. This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory phytochemicals obtained from B. pilosa. We isolated a flavonoids-type phytochemical, isookanin, from B. pilosa through bioassay-guided fractionation based on its capacity to inhibit inflammation. Some of isookanin's biological properties have been reported; however, the anti-inflammatory mechanism of isookanin has not yet been studied. In the present study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory activities of isookanin using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. We have shown that isookanin reduces the production of proinflammatory mediators (nitric oxide, prostaglandin E2) by inhibiting the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in LPS-stimulated macrophages. Isookanin also inhibited the expression of activator protein 1 (AP-1) and downregulated the LPS-induced phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and c-jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) in the MAPK signaling pathway. Additionally, isookanin inhibited proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and interleukin-1ß (IL-1ß)) in LPS-induced THP-1 cells. These results demonstrate that isookanin could be a potential therapeutic candidate for inflammatory disease.
Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios , Bidens/química , Bioensaio , Chalconas , Macrófagos/metabolismo , Animais , Anti-Inflamatórios/química , Anti-Inflamatórios/isolamento & purificação , Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Chalconas/química , Chalconas/isolamento & purificação , Chalconas/farmacologia , Humanos , Inflamação/induzido quimicamente , Inflamação/tratamento farmacológico , Inflamação/metabolismo , Lipopolissacarídeos/toxicidade , Sistema de Sinalização das MAP Quinases/efeitos dos fármacos , Macrófagos/patologia , Camundongos , Monocinas/metabolismo , Células RAW 264.7 , Células THP-1RESUMO
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To identify the genotypes of the blood sample whose blood grouping showed discrepancies and study the ABO alleles' molecular characteristics of the involved ancestry.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Blood samples were preliminary genotyped by PCR-SSP. Complete exon 6 and 7 in the ABO genes were amplified by PCR and the PCR products were directly sequenced and cloning sequenced to identify its genotype.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Sequence analysis indicated that 3 samples of the family had an nt905A>G mutation in the B gene compared with ABO*B101. Combined with the serological results, the propositus could be typed as Bx02/O102.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>DNA sequencing analysis is able to identify the serological phenotype samples that forward and reverse group methods were incongruous.</p>