RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) has been associated with low polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) status. However, investigations regarding PUFA status and correlates in children with moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) from low-income countries are scarce. The aim of this study was to describe whole-blood PUFA levels in children with moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) and to identify correlates of PUFAs. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study using baseline data from a prospective nutritional intervention trial among 1609 children with MAM aged 6-23 months in Burkina Faso,West Africa. Whole-blood PUFAs were measured by gas chromatography and expressed as percent of total whole-blood fatty acids (FA%). Potential correlates of PUFAs including infection, inflammation, hemoglobin, anthropometry (difference between children diagnosed as having MAM based on low mid-upper-arm-circumference (MUAC) only, low MUAC and weight-for-height z-score (WHZ), or low WHZ only) and diet were assessed by linear regression adjusted for age and sex. RESULTS: Children with MAM had low concentrations of whole-blood PUFAs, particularly n-3 PUFAs. Moreover, children diagnosed with MAM based only on low MUAC had 0.32 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.14; 0.50) and 0.40 (95% CI, 0.16; 0.63) FA% lower arachidonic acid (AA) than those recruited based on both low WHZ as well as low MUAC and those recruited with low WHZ only, respectively. Infection and inflammation were associated with low levels of all long-chain (LC)-PUFAs, while hemoglobin was positively associated with whole-blood LC-PUFAs. CONCLUSION: While PUFA deficiency was not a general problem, overall whole-blood PUFA concentrations, especially of n-3 PUFAs, were low. Infection, inflammation, hemoglobin, anthropometry and diet were correlates of PUFAs concentrations in children with MAM. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The trial is registered at http://www.isrctn.com ( ISRCTN42569496 ).
Assuntos
Ácidos Graxos Insaturados/sangue , Desnutrição/tratamento farmacológico , Desnutrição/epidemiologia , Antropometria , Burkina Faso/epidemiologia , Proteína C-Reativa/metabolismo , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Dieta , Ácidos Graxos Insaturados/administração & dosagem , Ácidos Graxos Insaturados/deficiência , Feminino , Hemoglobinas/metabolismo , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Morbidade , Avaliação Nutricional , Orosomucoide/metabolismo , Fatores SocioeconômicosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To describe the socio-demographical aspects, etiologies and psychosocial consequences of urogenital fistula patients (UGF) in Burkina Faso (BF). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Descriptive study of a cohort of consecutive patients during a period of 18 months (December 1st 2010 to August 31st 2012) in three centers of treatment in BF. Each patient has had a standardized complete medical observation focused on sociodemographics, clinical finding, past medical history and etiologies of UGF. Some patients had an interview with a psychologist. RESULTS: One hundred and seventy patients with mean age 35 years (minimum: 16, maximum: 70) were enrolled during the study period. The majority of patients were housewives (90.5%, n=152) and illiterates (92.9%, n=158). Among the patients, 62.4% (n=106) lived in rural zones. Obstetrical fistula was the most common cause of UGF (87.6%, n=149) in our study and prolonged labor occurred in 93.3% (n=139) of cases with 17.5% (n=26) who delivered at home. The majority of our cases were vesico-vaginal fistula (70.6%, n=120). Fifty-five patients (32.4%) were divorced after the fistula. The sensation of humiliation and sadness were noted at all the patients who had a psychological evaluation and 87.5% (n=14) of them have had suicidal ideas. CONCLUSION: The UGF are frequent in Burkina Faso and obstetrical etiology is dominant. The physical and psychosocial repercussions are important for the women victims of this pathology. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4.
Assuntos
Fístula Urinária/epidemiologia , Fístula Urinária/etiologia , Fístula Vaginal/epidemiologia , Fístula Vaginal/etiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Burkina Faso/epidemiologia , Estudos de Coortes , Divórcio/estatística & dados numéricos , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Complicações do Trabalho de Parto/epidemiologia , Gravidez , Ideação Suicida , Fístula Urinária/psicologia , Fístula Vaginal/psicologia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Objectif : Décrire les aspects épidémiologiques et thérapeutiques des gangrènes des organes génitaux externes masculins. Matériel et méthodes : Il s'est agi d'une étude descriptive et descriptive sur une période de 5 ans allant du 1er janvier 2007 au 31 décembre 2011 au cours de laquelle nous avons enregistré 47 cas de gangrènes des organes génitaux externes. Nous avons analysé rétrospectivement les 39 dossiers qui étaient complets et exploitables. Résultats : Les gangrènes des organes génitaux externes étaient relativement peu fréquentes, constituaient 3,25% des urgences urologiques. Elles étaient l'apanage du sujet d'âge mur avec un âge moyen de 50,17 ans, tous de sexe masculin. Les patients provenaient majoritairement du milieu rural avec 56,4%. Le délai de consultation était assez long avec une moyenne de 9,69 jours avec des extrêmes de 2 jours et 30 jours. Les facteurs de comorbidité ont été retrouvés chez 46,11% des patients. L'origine cutanée a été retrouvée dans 48,7% des patients. Les prélèvements bactériologiques effectués chez 23 patients ont retrouvé un germe chez 13 patients et avec E. coli comme principal germe (10 cas) et accessoirement Staphylococcus aureus (1 cas), Klebsiella pneumoniae (1 cas) et Proteus mirabilis (1 cas). Au plan de la prise en charge tous les patients ont bénéficié d'un traitement médicochirurgical précédé d'une réanimation médicale. Un débridement large avec nécrosectomie a été réalisé chez tous les patients associé à une triple antibiothérapie d'abord probabiliste puis ajustée en fonction du résultat de l'antibiogramme lorsqu'un germe a été identifié. Tous les patients ont subi une cicatrisation dirigée et une plastie de recouvrement a été réalisée. La gangrène des organes génitaux externes reste une affection grave souvent invalidante avec un long séjour hospitalier. Le taux de mortalité était de 17,95%. Conclusion : Les gangrènes des organes génitaux externes masculins sont assez graves avec un fort taux de mortalité. Elles sont relativement peu fréquentes dans notre contexte et la prise en charge est médico-chirurgicale et doit être multidisciplinaire pour espérer obtenir des résultats satisfaisants