Nanostructure fabricated by nanosphere lithography assisted with O2 plasma treatment.

Nanosphere lithography is an efficient way to fabricate metallic nanostructures with large area. This paper presents the fabrication of metallic hexagonal nano-pyramid arrays by two dimensional nanospheres lithography assisted with O2 plasma treatment. By O2 plasma treatment, the gap and diameter of nanospheres can be modulated. After electron beam deposition, we can fabricate similar nanostructures with different pyramid gap distances. This method may be an easy way to modulate the geometric parameters of nanostructures.

[Effect of wenxin granule on plasma BNP and HRV of acute coronary syndrome patients].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of Wenxin Granule (WG) on brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) and heart rate variability (HRV) of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients. METHODS: Totally 65 ACS patients were randomly assigned to the treatment group (35 cases) and the control group (30 cases). All patients were treated with routine therapies such as angiotensin conversing enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) and metoprolol. Those in the treatment group took WG, 9 g each time, three times daily. All were treated for 90 days. Plasma samples of BNP and HRV were determined before treatment and after treatment. RESULTS: There was no statistical difference in pre-treatment plasma BNP (P > 0.05). Plasma BNP significantly decreased after treatment in the two groups when compared with before treatment (P < 0.05). The decrease was more obvious in the treatment group (P < 0.05). There was no statistical difference in pre-treatment HRV (P > 0.05). Compared with before treatment in the same group, RMSSD, PNN50%, and high frequency (HF) obviously increased, while low frequency (LF) and LF/HF ratio significantly decreased in the two groups, showing statistical difference (P < 0.05). The aforesaid indices were obviously better in the treatment group than in the control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Additional administration of WG could improve short-term clinical prognosis by down-regulating plasma BNP level (via improving myocardial ischemia) and modulating HRV.

Optical properties of metal-multi-insulator-metal plasmonic waveguides.

We theoretically study the plasmonic modes in metal-multi-insulator-metal (MMIM) waveguides. Two types of symmetric MMIM structures consisting of three insulators are investigated thoroughly. The effective refractive index, energy confinement, propagation length, and figure of merit are given in terms of geometric parameters. Due to the step index modulation, these properties of MMIM structures differ from the metal-insulator-metal (MIM) structure. Compared with the corresponding MIM structures, MMIM structures can possess either better energy confinement or larger propagation length, which depends on the geometric parameters and the index distribution. Propagation length of up to 10(3) µm and a figure of merit of up to 10(4) are observed for MMIM structure with core thickness of several hundred nanometers.

Interlinked Microcone Resistive Sensors Based on Self-Assembly Carbon Nanotubes Film for Monitoring of Signals.

Flexible pressure sensors still face difficulties achieving a constantly adaptable micronanostructure of substrate materials. Interlinked microcone resistive sensors were fabricated by polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) nanocone array. PDMS nanocone array was achieved by the second transferring tapered polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) structure. In addition, self-assembly 2D carbon nanotubes (CNTs) networks as a conducting layer were prepared by a low-cost, dependable, and ultrafast Langmuir−Blodgett (LB) process. In addition, the self-assembled two-dimensional carbon nanotubes (CNTs) network as a conductive layer can change the internal resistance due to pressure. The results showed that the interlinked sensor with a nanocone structure can detect the external pressure by the change of resistivity and had a sensitive resistance change in the low pressure (<200 Pa), good stability through 2800 cycles, and a detection limit of 10 kPa. Based on these properties, the electric signals were tested, including swallowing throat, finger bending, finger pressing, and paper folding. The simulation model of the sensors with different structural parameters under external pressure was established. With the advantages of high sensitivity, stability, and wide detection range, this sensor shows great potential for monitoring human motion and can be used in wearable devices.

Surface Plasmon-Enhanced Luminescence of CdSe/CdS Quantum Dots Film Based on Au Nanoshell Arrays.

In this paper, Au nanoshell arrays, serving as a photo-activated material, are fabricated via the combination of self-assembled nanosphere lithography and the thermal decomposing polymer method. The intensity and position of surface plasmonic resonance can be tuned from the visible region to the near-infrared region by changing the size of Au nanoshell arrays. When resonance absorption peaks of metal nanoparticles are matched with emission wavelengths of core-shell CdSe/CdS quantum dots, fluorescent intensity of CdSe/CdS quantum dots can be strongly enhanced. The physical mechanism of fluorescent enhancement is explained.

Preparation of Assembled Carbon Soot Films and Hydrophobic Properties.

In this paper, a simple, inexpensive, and rapid method for the fabrication of controlled layer candle soot film has been reported by interface self-assembly and transferred method. The mechanism of candle soot self-assembly is explained and their morphology, elemental composition, optical, and wetting properties are characterized. The uniformity and thickness of prepared films especially depend on the concentration of candle soot mixed solution (alcohol and deionized water). The results show that the optimal concentration of candle soot solution is approximately ~0.2% wt/mL. In addition, the absorption spectra of the controlled-layer candle soot films are determined by the number of layers and the surface morphology. The hydrophobic properties of candle soot films are closely related to their layer number. When these films reach to the fourth layer, the water contact angle and roll-off angle are measured as 142° ± 2° and 6°, respectively. The controlled assembly CS films have the potential application in photo/electrocatalysis, solar cells, lithium-ion batteries, and water splitting.

Efficacy and safety of stereotactic body radiotherapy combined with karelizumab and apatinib in treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma / 解放军医学杂志

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of stereotactic body radiotherapy(SBRT)combined with camrelizumab and apatinib in treatment of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed of 85 patients with advanced HCC treated in the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University and People's Hospital of Zhengzhou from January 2019 to September 2021.They were divided into observation group(n=31,SBRT combined with camrelizumab and apatinib)and control group(n=54,treated with camrelizumab and apatinib)according to whether they received SBRT.The propensity score matching(PSM)was used to balance the influence of confounding factors.The objective remission rate(ORR)and disease control rate(DCR)were compared between the two groups.The 6-month overall survival rate,1-year overall survival rate and progression-free survival(PFS)were compared between the two groups by Kaplan-Meier method.The safety of the two groups was evaluated by Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events(CTCAE)version 5.0.Results Before PSM,there were significant differences in age(P=0.043),number of extrahepatic metastasis(P=0.028),and previous surgical treatment(P=0.038)between the two groups.After PSM,there was no significant difference in baseline characteristics between the two groups(P>0.05).After PSM,27 cases were included in each groups,and three months after treatment,the ORR in observation group and control group were 66.7%and 29.6%,respectively,showed difference with statistically significant(P=0.006);and the DCR in the both groups were 96.3%and 85.2%respectively,showed no statistically significant difference(P=0.175).There were statistical differences in 6-month overall survival rate(96.3%vs.80.9%,P=0.001),1-year overall survival rate(75.0%vs.61.4%,P=0.034)and median PFS(8 months vs.5 months,P=0.003)between the observation group and control group.Multi-factor Cox regression analysis showed that baseline alpha-fetoprotein(AFP)≥400 ng/ml was an independent risk factor for affecting the survival of patients with advanced HCC(HR>1,P<0.05),while the triple therapy and previous targeted drugs therapy were the protective factors for the survival of patients with advanced HCC(HR<1,P<0.05).In the observation group,4 patients had grade 3 adverse reactions,and the common adverse reactions were dyspepsia(14.8%).One case of grade 3 adverse reactions occurred in control group,and there was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups(P=0.639).Conclusion SBRT combined with camrelizumab and apatinib is a safe and effective treatment for advanced HCC with significant clinical effect and controllable adverse reactions.

Tunable Fabrication and Optical Properties of Metal Nano Hole Arrays.

Large area polystyrene sphere (PS) arrays with different diameters were prepared by an interface self-assembly method. The inter-particle spacing of PSs was reduced by O2-plasma treatment. When O2-plasma treatment time was long enough, the space of PS arrays could be relatively large. After deposition of Au film and removing the PS masks, we obtained the Au holes arrays instead of Au triangle arrays as normal. The period and the diameter of the hole arrays can be adjusted by the PS with different size and by the O2-plasma treatment time. Then their optical property can be tuned effectively due to the surface plasmon resonance on these structures.

A cross-sectional and follow-up study of leukopenia in tuberculosis patients: prevalence, risk factors and impact of anti-tuberculosis treatment.

BACKGROUND: To investigate the prevalence of and risk factors for leukopenia in tuberculosis patients and the impact of anti-tuberculosis regimens on the occurrence of leukopenia in newly treated tuberculosis patients. METHODS: A total of 1,904 tuberculosis patients were included in the study. A cross-sectional survey of the prevalence of leukopenia was initially conducted, and then factors influencing leukopenia were identified using Logistic regression analysis. Non-treatment factors influencing peripheral blood leukocyte counts were analyzed using univariate COX proportional hazards models. Covariate analysis was used to assess the independent effect of different anti-tuberculosis regimens on peripheral blood leukocyte counts. RESULTS: Being female, advanced age and longer duration of previous anti-tuberculosis treatment (>6 month) were risk factors for leukopenia in tuberculosis patients, while secondary pulmonary tuberculosis, higher body mass index (BMI: 24-27.9 kg/m(2)), and higher degree of education (senior high school or above) were protective factors. Gender, vegetable consumption, drinking, pulmonary infection, other chronic diseases, and use of antibiotics were significantly associated with the development of leukopenia in patients on anti-tuberculosis treatment. In tuberculosis patients treated with anti-tuberculosis regimens not containing antibiotics, peripheral blood leukocyte levels gradually declined with the prolongation of treatment duration. In tuberculosis patients treated with anti-tuberculosis regimens containing antibiotics, peripheral blood leukocyte levels showed a declining trend. CONCLUSIONS: Female patients, patients at advanced age and recurrent tuberculosis patients having longer previous anti-tuberculosis treatment are high-risk populations for leukopenia. Attention should be paid to the influence of vegetable consumption and drinking, co-morbidities and use of antibiotics during anti-tuberculosis treatment.

Application of multispectral animal living imaging technology in evaluating osteoarthritis model / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe application value of multispectral animal living imaging technology in rats model of osteoarthritis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Fifteen male SD rats weighed (180 +/- 20) g (3 months old) were received intra-articular injection of iodoacetic acid for establishing osteoarthritis. Articular cavity of left knee of rats were injected into 50 microl iodoacetic acid. The same volume of sterile saline was injected into right knee articular cavity as control. X-ray living imaging and bone mineral density were observed at 2 and 4 weeks after establishment of model. After 4 weeks,rats were sacrificed and their bilateral joints were collected and determined histologically based on Collins classification and Kellgren-Lawrence classification.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Osteoarthritis model was successfully established, compared with control group, model group showed typical manifestation of osteoarthritis, including irregular cartilage surface,osteophyte formation,joint deformity and cartilage defect,and combined with significant decrease of bone density (P < 0.01), while the decrease was not obvious in proximal tibia (P < 0.05). After 2 weeks, knee joints in model group was classified as Collins grade 1 and Kellgren-Lawrence grade 2,then classified as Collins grade 4 and Kellgren-Lawrence grade 3 after 4 weeks,control group showed smooth articular surface,normal joint space and intact cartilage surface, knee joints was classified as Collins and Kellgren-Lawrence grade 0, and bone density of distal femur and proximal tibia were normal.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Multispectral animal living imaging technology could be used in dynamic observation of living imaging and detection of bone density in the animal model of osteoarthritis, and it is significant for evaluation of osteoarthritis model, and its realted tesearch.</p>