The effects of disinfection with Er, Cr:YSGG laser, application of CPP-ACP and sodium hypochlorite on shear bond strength.

Background: The effects of commonly used antimicrobial and anticariogenic agents on the adhesion of pit and fissure sealants were investigated in this study. Aims: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of erbium, chromium: yttrium-scandium-gallium-garnet (Er, Cr:YSGG) laser disinfection, casein phosphopeptides-amorphous calcium phosphate (CPP-ACP) containing paste and sodium hypochlorite application before the placement of a resin-based pit and fissure sealant on the shear bond strength of primary tooth enamel. Materials and Methods: The shear bond strength test evaluated the bond strength of sealants on the buccal enamel surfaces of primary molar teeth. The study groups were pit and fissure sealant without any preapplication, pre application of disinfection with Er, Cr:YSGG laser, disinfection with Er, Cr:YSGG laser and CPP-ACP containing paste, sodium hypochlorite, sodium hypochlorite and CPP-ACP containing paste and CPP-ACP containing paste. The pit and fissure sealants were placed using 4 mm diameter, 2 mm height cylindrical plastic tubes. Shear force was applied to each sample. The surfaces of the broken samples were detected under stereomicroscope and were grouped as adhesive, cohesive, and mixed. The results of the study were evaluated using the SPSS 16.0 package program for statistical analysis. Results: The groups where sodium hypochlorite and sodium hypochlorite with CPP-ACP were applied showed the lowest bond strength (p < 0.05). It was observed that most of the failures in these groups were adhesive-type failures. No significant difference was observed between the shear bond strengths of the other groups (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Er, Cr: YSGG laser and CPP-ACP containing paste are alternative methods for pre-application of fissure sealants.

Anxiety and pain during dental treatment among children with haemophilia.

AIM: Dental interventions are potentially overwhelming for children with hemophilia; the study was designed to assess the levels of dental anxiety related to the first dental intervention for these children. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-six boys with severe haemophilia A and B and 56 healthy peers between the ages of 7-12 in need of primary dental extraction were chosen for this study. Facial Analog Scale and Visual Analog Scale were applied to all participants. RESULTS: No significant differences among the groups were detected by means of the dental anxiety scores (FIS) and pain scores (VAS). The FIS scores of children who had experienced dental pain before the treatment were significantly higher regardless of the group they were part of (p=0.001). CONCLUSION: Children with haemophilia are not at an increased risk of dental anxiety using special precautions and with the help of adequate treatment regimens. Pain is a predictor for dental fear and anxiety on dental chair both for children with haemophilia and healthy ones.

Bilateral adrenal hemorrhage associated with bilateral renal vein and vena cava thrombosis.

Idiopathic bilateral adrenal hemorrhage with thrombosis of both renal veins and inferior vena cava are presented using US and CT in a newborn. To our knowledge such bilateral involvement of the adrenal glands and the renal veins have not been reported previously.