Transurethral en bloc resection of a bladder perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (PEComa): a case report.

BACKGROUND: Perivascular epithelioid cell tumor (PEComa) is a mesenchymal tumor with distinct histologic and immunologic features. PEComas that originate in the bladder are extremely rare clinically, with only 35 cases reported in the English literature thus far. Here, we report a case of bladder PEComa resection by transurethral en bloc resection of bladder tumor (ERBT). CASE PRESENTATION: A 66-year-old female with a history of poorly controlled type 2 diabetes with associated complications of frequent urinary tract infections presented to our hospital for a routine physical examination. Outpatient ultrasound examination revealed a strong echogenic mass of approximately 1.5 × 1.3 × 1.3 cm in size on the posterior wall of the bladder. The enhanced computed tomography and enhanced magnetic resonance imaging after admission both suggested a well-defined isolated nodular mass on the posterior wall of the bladder with significant enhancement on the enhanced scan. The tumor was successfully and completely resected by ERBT. Postoperative pathological examination and immunohistochemical results confirmed the mass was a bladder PEComa. No tumor recurrence was observed in the six-month postoperative follow-up. CONCLUSION: Bladder PEComa is an extremely rare mesenchymal tumor of the urinary system. When imaging and cystoscopy reveal a nodular mass with an abundant blood supply in the bladder, PEComa should be included in the differential diagnosis of bladder tumors. Surgical resection is currently the primary option for the treatment of bladder PEComa. For a solitary, pedunculated, narrow-based, small-sized bladder PEComa, resection of the tumor by ERBT was a safe and feasible approach in our patient and may be considered for similar cases in the future.

Eosinophilic cystitis complicated with cystitis glandularis: a case report.

BACKGROUND: Eosinophilic cystitis (EC) is a rare inflammatory disease characterized by the gathering and infiltration of numerous eosinophilia (EOS) in the bladder wall. Because of Few cases of EC have been reported globally, the epidemiology of EC is not well known. We report herein the details of one very scarce case of large tumor-like eosinophilic cystitis complicated with cystitis glandularis (CG) diagnosed by biopsy. CASE PRESENTATION: A 45-year-old Chinese man was referred to our hospital for the treatment of right lumbago and odynuria. Ultrasound examination indicated the low echo on the right portion wall and the neck of the bladder. Computed tomography showed a remarkable enhancing large mass that measured 5.0 cm × 2.3 cm located on the right portion of the bladder with undefined margin. For further treatment, diagnostic transurethral resection of the bladder was performed, the postoperative histopathological diagnosis was EC complicated with CG. After transurethral resection, antibiotics, glucocorticoids, and antihistamines were treated. The patient recovered uneventfully and was discharged on postoperative day 8 without evidence of recurrence followed-up for 6 months. CONCLUSION: Large tumor-like eosinophilic cystitis complicated with cystitis glandularis is rare, malignant tumors need to be ruled out. We deem that prompt biopsy led to the exact diagnosis, appropriate treatment led to better prognosis.

Immunoglobulin A Heavy Chain Deposition Disease: A Case Report.

Monoclonal immunoglobulin deposition disease (MIDD) is a rare disease characterized by the non-fibrous deposition of monoclonal immunoglobulin molecules along the glomerular or tubular basement membrane in kidney. We report herein the details of one case of heavy chain deposition disease (HCDD) diagnosed by renal biopsy, a relatively rare subtype of MIDD. DOI: 10.52547/ijkd.6484.