Visible-light induced C(sp3)-H arylation of glycine derivatives by cerium catalysis.

A Ce(III)-catalyzed, visible-light induced aerobic oxidative dehydrogenative coupling reaction between glycine derivatives and electron-rich arenes is disclosed. The protocol proceeds efficiently under mild conditions, providing an efficient method for the rapid synthesis of α-arylglycine derivatives without the need for an external photosensitizer and additional oxidant. Moreover, this protocol could be performed on a 5 mmol scale, without obvious reduction of the efficiency.

Cucumber mosaic virus infection modulated the phytochemical contents of Passiflora edulis.

Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) caused huge agricultural impact on Passiflora edulis. However, the interactions between CMV and P. edulis are poorly unknown, which lead to lack of prevention and control measures. In this study, we identified the infection of CMV in P. edulis through modern small RNA sequencing (sRNA-seq) technology combined with traditional electron microscope and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods. We also confirmed CMV infection adversely affected or modulated the contents of phytochemicals and further injured the development of P. edulis; inversely, P. edulis modulated its resistance to CMV stress by increasing the levels of secondary metabolites and the activities of antioxidant enzymes components. This is of significant importance to understand the interaction between virus infection and plant host.

Visible-light-induced Csp3-H functionalization of glycine derivatives by cerium catalysis.

A Ce(III)-catalyzed, visible-light-induced aerobic oxidative dehydrogenative coupling/aromatization reaction between glycine derivatives and alkenes has been developed, which provides an efficient approach for the synthesis of quinoline derivatives and post-modification of oligopeptides containing glycine residues under mild conditions without the need for external photosensitizers.

Effect of bis(7)-tacrine on cognition in rats with chronic cerebral ischemia.

Bis(7)-tacrine (B7T), a novel dimeric acetyl cholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor, has multiple neuroprotective activities against neuronal damage. However, its therapeutic effects in chronic cerebral ischemia remain unknown. In the present study, adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected with permanent ligation of the bilateral common carotid arteries to investigate the roles of B7T on cognitive function, neuronal apoptosis and neurogenesis in the hippocampus. Results from spatial navigation test showed that chronic cerebral ischemia impaired spatial learning, B7T treatment shorten escape latency of ischemia rats as compared with saline-treated rats. Probe trial test indicated that spatial memory deficit of chronic cerebral ischemic animals was reversed by B7T treatment. Immunohistochemical results showed that B7T reduced neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampal CA1 region as compared with ischemia rats, and B7T treatment increased neurogenesis in the hippocampus. These findings suggest that B7T may exert its neuroprotective effects by inhibiting apoptosis and promoting neurogenesis in 2VO rats.