Author Correction: The Apostasia genome and the evolution of orchids.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Aerosol-into-liquid capture and detection of atmospheric soluble metals across the gas-liquid interface using Janus-membrane electrodes.

The soluble fraction of atmospheric transition metals is particularly associated with health effects such as reactive oxygen species compared to total metals. However, direct measurements of the soluble fraction are restricted to sampling and detection units in sequence burdened with a compromise between time resolution and system bulkiness. Here, we propose the concept of aerosol-into-liquid capture and detection, which allowed one-step particle capture and detection via the Janus-membrane electrode at the gas-liquid interface, enabling active enrichment and enhanced mass transport of metal ions. The integrated aerodynamic/electrochemical system was capable of capturing airborne particles with a cutoff size down to 50 nm and detecting Pb(II) with a limit of detection of 95.7 ng. The proposed concept can pave the way for cost-effective and miniaturized systems, for the capture and detection of airborne soluble metals in air quality monitoring, especially for abrupt air pollution events with high airborne metal concentrations (e.g., wildfires and fireworks).

Multifunctional Heterostructured Fe3 O4 -FeTe@MCM Electrocatalyst Enabling High-Performance Practical Lithium-Sulfur Batteries Via Built-in Electric Field.

The development of capable of simultaneously modulating the sluggish electrochemical kinetics, shuttle effect, and lithium dendrite growth is a promising strategy for the commercialization of lithium-sulfur batteries. Consequently, an elaborate preparation method is employed to create a host material consisting of multi-channel carbon microspheres (MCM) containing highly dispersed heterostructure Fe3 O4 -FeTe nanoparticles. The Fe3 O4 -FeTe@MCM exhibits a spontaneous built-in electric field (BIEF) and possesses both lithophilic and sulfophilic sites, rendering it an appropriate host material for both positive and negative electrodes. Experimental and theoretical results reveal that the existence of spontaneous BIEF leads to interfacial charge redistribution, resulting in moderate polysulfide adsorption which facilitates the transfer of polysulfides and diffusion of electrons at heterogeneous interfaces. Furthermore, the reduced conversion energy barriers enhanced the catalytic activity of Fe3 O4 -FeTe@MCM for expediting the bidirectional sulfur conversion. Moreover, regulated Li deposition behavior is realized because of its high conductivity and remarkable lithiophilicity. Consequently, the battery exhibited long-term stability for 500 cycles with 0.06% capacity decay per cycle at 5 C, and a large areal capacity of 7.3 mAh cm-2 (sulfur loading: 9.73 mg cm-2 ) at 0.1 C. This study provides a novel strategy for the rational fabrication of heterostructure hosts for practical Li-S batteries.

Glucose status within dark-grown etiolated cotyledons determines seedling de-etiolation upon light irradiation.

Exposure of dark-grown etiolated seedlings to light triggers the transition from skotomorphogenesis/etiolation to photomorphogenesis/de-etiolation. In the life cycle of plants, de-etiolation is essential for seedling development and plant survival. The mobilization of soluble sugars (glucose [Glc], sucrose, and fructose) derived from stored carbohydrates and lipids to target organs, including cotyledons, hypocotyls, and radicles, underpins de-etiolation. Therefore, dynamic carbohydrate biochemistry is a key feature of this phase transition. However, the molecular mechanisms coordinating carbohydrate status with the cellular machinery orchestrating de-etiolation remain largely opaque. Here, we show that the Glc sensor HEXOKINASE 1 (HXK1) interacts with GROWTH REGULATOR FACTOR5 (GRF5), a transcriptional activator and key plant growth regulator, in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Subsequently, GRF5 directly binds to the promoter of phytochrome A (phyA), encoding a far-red light (FR) sensor/cotyledon greening inhibitor. We demonstrate that the status of Glc within dark-grown etiolated cotyledons determines the de-etiolation of seedlings when exposed to light irradiation by the HXK1-GRF5-phyA molecular module. Thus, following seed germination, accumulating Glc within dark-grown etiolated cotyledons stimulates a HXK1-dependent increase of GRF5 and an associated decrease of phyA, triggering the perception, amplification, and relay of HXK1-dependent Glc signaling, thereby facilitating the de-etiolation of seedlings following light irradiation. Our findings, therefore, establish how cotyledon carbohydrate signaling under subterranean darkness is sensed, amplified, and relayed, determining the phase transition from skotomorphogenesis to photomorphogenesis on exposure to light irradiation.

Nonlinear dynamics of an interband cascade laser with optical injection.

This work reports the nonlinear dynamics of a mid-infrared interband cascade laser (ICL) subject to optical injection. It is shown that the stable locking regime is asymmetric and broadens with increasing injection strength. Outside the locking regime, the ICL mostly produces period-one oscillations. However, three categories of periodic pulse oscillations are observed in the vicinity of the Hopf bifurcation and the saddle-node bifurcation. In particular, it is found that the ICL generates broadband chaos at a near-threshold pump current, and the chaos bandwidth is over 300 MHz.

Broadband chaos of an interband cascade laser with a 6-GHz bandwidth.

Near-infrared semiconductor lasers subject to optical feedback usually produce chaos with a broad bandwidth of a few GHz. However, the reported mid-infrared interband cascade lasers (ICLs) only show chaos with a limited bandwidth below 1 GHz. Here we show that an ICL with optical feedback is able to generate broadband chaos as well. The mid-infrared chaos exhibits a remarkable bandwidth of about 6 GHz, which is comparable to that of the near-infrared counterpart. In addition, the spectral coverage in the electrical domain reaches as high as 17.7 GHz. It is found that the chaos bandwidth generally broadens with increasing feedback ratio and/or increasing pump current of the laser, while it is insensitive to the feedback length.

Long Noncoding RNA PSMB8-AS1 Mediates the Tobacco-Carcinogen-Induced Transformation of a Human Bronchial Epithelial Cell Line by Regulating Cell Cycle.

Lung cancer is the main cause of cancer deaths around the world. Nitrosamine 4-(methyl nitrosamine)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) is a tobacco-specific carcinogen of lung cancer. Abundant evidence implicates long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) in tumorigenesis. Yet, the effects and mechanisms of lncRNAs in NNK-induced carcinogenesis are still unclear. In this study, we discovered that NNK-induced transformed Beas-2B cells (Beas-2B-NNK) showed increased cell migration and proliferation while decreasing rates of apoptosis. RNA sequencing and differentially expressed lncRNAs analyses showed that lncRNA PSMB8-AS1 was obviously upregulated. Interestingly, silencing the lncRNA PSMB8-AS1 in Beas-2B-NNK cells reduced cell proliferation and migration and produced cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase along with a decrease in CDK1 expression. Conclusively, our results demonstrate that lncRNA PSMB8-AS1 could promote the malignant characteristics of Beas-2B-NNK cells by regulating CDK1 and affecting the cell cycle, suggesting that it may supply a new prospective epigenetic mechanism for lung cancer.

Outcomes following KRASG12C inhibitor treatment in patients with KRASG12C-mutated solid tumors: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy and safety of FDA-approved KRASG12C inhibitors in patients with KRASG12C-mutated solid tumors. METHODS: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and major international conferences for clinical trials published in English up to March 6, 2023. Clinical trials investigating sotorasib or adagrasib and reporting the clinical outcomes of the objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), or incidence rate of grade ≥ 3 adverse events (AEs) were eligible. The primary endpoint was the ORR. Secondary endpoints included the DCR, incidence rate of grade ≥ 3 AEs, and odds ratio (OR) of the ORR between patients with or without co-mutation. The Random-effects model was applied for the outcomes of interest. RESULTS: 18 studies with 1224 patients were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled ORR, DCR, and incidence rate of grade ≥ 3 AEs were 31 % (95 % CI, 25-37 %), 86 % (95 % CI, 82-89 %), and 29 % (95 % CI, 23-36 %), respectively. KRASG12C-mutated NSCLC patients with a co-mutation of KEAP1 exhibited a worse ORR than those with wild-type KEAP1 (OR: 0.35, 95 % CI: 0.16-0.77). CONCLUSIONS: This study provided a comprehensive understanding of the efficacy and safety of KRASG12C inhibitors in treating solid tumors and identified KEAP1 mutation as a potential predictive biomarker of inferior response in patients treated with KRASG12C inhibitors. These findings may assist in the design of future clinical trials for identifying populations that may benefit from KRASG12C inhibitor treatment.

EQ-5D-5L Population Norms for China Derived From a National Health Survey.

OBJECTIVES: To develop the EQ-5D-5L (5L) population norms for China and to assess the relationship between various factors and 5L data. METHODS: This study used data derived from the Psychology and Behavior Investigation of Chinese Residents, a national sample survey of 21 909 representative participants aged 12 years and above. Participants' health-related quality of life (HRQoL) was measured by the 5L. Their socioeconomic characteristics, behavioral factors, and health conditions were also obtained from the survey. Norm scores were generated and compared for different socioeconomic variables. Multiple linear and logistic regressions were used to assess the relationships of the 3 kinds of variables with the 5L utility, visual analog scale (VAS) scores and 5L health problems. RESULTS: The mean (SD) age of participants was 39.4 (18.9) years, and 50.0% of them were female. The mean (SD) utility and VAS scores were 0.940 (0.138) and 73.4 (21.6), respectively. Participants reported considerably more problems in anxiety/depression (26.2%) and pain/discomfort (22.2%) dimensions. The gender difference in HRQoL is attenuated. The participants older than 75 years suffered from a sharp decline in HRQoL; the participants in Shanghai and Tibet provinces reported lower utility and VAS scores and more health problems. Those who were younger, with better socioeconomic status and healthier lifestyles, and without diseases tended to report higher utility and VAS scores and fewer health problems. CONCLUSIONS: This study derived the 5L population norms for China based on a representative population sample.

Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes promote tissue repair injury in rats with liver trauma by regulating gut microbiota and metabolism.

OBJECTIVE: The effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-exos) on serum metabolites and intestinal microbiota in rats after liver trauma were discussed. METHODS: Adult Wistar Albino rats were assigned into control, model (liver trauma), MSCs, and MSC-exos groups (n = 6). The study examined changes in the inflammatory environment in liver tissues were analyzed by histological examination and analysis of macrophage phenotypes. Alterations in serum metabolites were determined by untargeted metabonomics, and gut microbiota composition was characterized by 16S rDNA sequencing. Correlations between specific gut microbiota, metabolites, and inflammatory response were calculated using Spearman correlation analysis. RESULTS: Rats with liver trauma after MSCs and MSC-exos treatment exhibited attenuated inflammatory infiltration and necrosis in liver tissues. MSCs and MSC-exos treatment reduced the proportion of M1 macrophages, accompanied by a decrease in inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels. Furthermore, MSCs and MSC-exos treatment expanded the proportion of M2 macrophages, accompanied by an increase in arginase-1 (Arg-1) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels. The beneficial effects of MSC-exo treatment on rats with liver trauma were superior to those of MSC treatment. The composition and abundance of the gut microbiota and metabolites were altered in pathological rats, whereas MSC and MSC-exo intervention partially restored specific gut microbiota and metabolite alterations. At the phylum level, alterations in Bacteroidota, Proteobacteria, and Verrucomicrobiota were observed after MSC and MSC-exo intervention. At the genus level, Intestinimonas, Alistipes, Aerococcus, Faecalibaculum, and Lachnospiraceae_ND3007_group were the main differential microbiota. 6-Methylnicotinamide, N-Methylnicotinamide, Glutathione, oxidized, ISOBUTYRATE, ASCORBATE, EICOSAPENTAENOATE, GLYCEROL 3-PHOSPHATE, and Ascorbate radical were selected as important differential metabolites. There was a clear correlation between Ascorbate, Intestinimonas/Faecalibaculum and inflammatory cytokines. CONCLUSION: MSC-exos promoted the repair of tissue damage in rats with liver trauma by regulating serum metabolites and intestinal microbiota, providing new insights into how MSC-exos reduced inflammation in rats with liver trauma.

Unveiling the Roles of Alloyed Boron in Hexavalent Chromium Removal Using Borohydride-Synthesized Nanoscale Zerovalent Iron: Electron Donor and Antipassivator.

Nanoscale zerovalent iron synthesized using borohydride (B-NZVI) has been widely applied in environmental remediation in recent decades. However, the contribution of boron in enhancing the inherent reactivity of B-NZVI and its effectiveness in removing hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] have not been well recognized and quantified. To the best of our knowledge, herein, a core-shell structure of B-NZVI featuring an Fe-B alloy shell beneath the iron oxide shell is demonstrated for the first time. Alloyed boron can reduce H+, contributing to more than 35.6% of H2 generation during acid digestion of B-NZVIs. In addition, alloyed B provides electrons for Fe3+ reduction during Cr(VI) removal, preventing in situ passivation of the reactive particle surface. Meanwhile, the amorphous oxide shell of B-NZVI exhibits an increased defect density, promoting the release of Fe2+ outside the shell to reduce Cr(VI), forming layer-structured precipitates and intense Fe-O bonds. Consequently, the surface-area-normalized capacity and surface reaction rate of B-NZVI are 6.5 and 6.9 times higher than those of crystalline NZVI, respectively. This study reveals the importance of alloyed B in Cr(VI) removal using B-NZVI and presents a comprehensive approach for investigating electron pathways and mechanisms involved in B-NZVIs for contaminant removal.

Unveiling the Occurrence and Non-Negligible Role of Amino Sugars in Waste Activated Sludge Fermentation by an Enriched Chitin-Degradation Consortium.

Polysaccharides in extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) can form a hybrid matrix network with proteins, impeding waste-activated sludge (WAS) fermentation. Amino sugars, such as N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (GlcNAc) polymers and sialic acid, are the non-negligible components in the EPS of aerobic granules or biofilm. However, the occurrence of amino sugars in WAS and their degradation remains unclear. Thus, amino sugars (∼6.0%) in WAS were revealed, and the genera of Lactococcus and Zoogloea were identified for the first time. Chitin was used as the substrate to enrich a chitin-degrading consortium (CDC). The COD balances for methane production ranged from 83.3 and 95.1%. Chitin was gradually converted to oligosaccharides and GlcNAc after dosing with the extracellular enzyme. After doing enriched CDC in WAS, the final methane production markedly increased to 60.4 ± 0.6 mL, reflecting an increase of ∼62%. Four model substrates of amino sugars (GlcNAc and sialic acid) and polysaccharides (cellulose and dextran) could be used by CDC. Treponema (34.3%) was identified as the core bacterium via excreting chitinases (EC 3.2.1.14) and N-acetyl-glucosaminidases (EC 3.2.1.52), especially the genetic abundance of chitinases in CDC was 2.5 times higher than that of WAS. Thus, this study provides an elegant method for the utilization of amino sugar-enriched organics.

Design and synthesis 1H-Pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine derivatives as FLT3 inhibitors for the treatment of Acute myeloid Leukemia.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common type of blood cancer and has been strongly correlated with the overexpression of Fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 (FLT3), a member of the class III receptor tyrosine kinase family. With the emergence of FLT3 internal tandem duplication alteration (ITD) and tyrosine kinase domain (TKD) mutations, the development of FLT3 small molecule inhibitors has become an effective medicinal chemistry strategy for AML. Herein, we have designed and synthesized two series of 1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine derivatives CM1-CM24, as FLT3 inhibitors based on F14, which we previously reported, that can target the hydrophobic FLT3 back pocket. Among these derivates, CM5 showed significant inhibition of FLT3 and FLT3-ITD, with inhibitory percentages of 57.72 % and 53.77 % respectively at the concentration of 1 µΜ. Furthermore, CM5 demonstrated potent inhibition against FLT3-dependent human AML cell lines MOLM-13 and MV4-11 (both harboring FLT3-ITD mutant), with IC50 values of 0.75 µM and 0.64 µM respectively. In our cellular mechanistic studies, CM5 also effectively induces apoptosis by arresting cell cycle progression in the G0/G1 phase. In addition, the amide and urea linker function were discussed in detail based on computational simulations studies. CM5 will serve as a novel lead compound for further structural modification and development of FLT3 inhibitors specifically targeting AML with FLT3-ITD mutations.

Van der Waals interaction affects wrinkle formation in two-dimensional materials.

Nonlinear mechanics of solids is an exciting field that encompasses both beautiful mathematics, such as the emergence of instabilities and the formation of complex patterns, as well as multiple applications. Two-dimensional crystals and van der Waals (vdW) heterostructures allow revisiting this field on the atomic level, allowing much finer control over the parameters and offering atomistic interpretation of experimental observations. In this work, we consider the formation of instabilities consisting of radially oriented wrinkles around mono- and few-layer "bubbles" in two-dimensional vdW heterostructures. Interestingly, the shape and wavelength of the wrinkles depend not only on the thickness of the two-dimensional crystal forming the bubble, but also on the atomistic structure of the interface between the bubble and the substrate, which can be controlled by their relative orientation. We argue that the periodic nature of these patterns emanates from an energetic balance between the resistance of the top membrane to bending, which favors large wavelength of wrinkles, and the membrane-substrate vdW attraction, which favors small wrinkle amplitude. Employing the classical "Winkler foundation" model of elasticity theory, we show that the number of radial wrinkles conveys a valuable relationship between the bending rigidity of the top membrane and the strength of the vdW interaction. Armed with this relationship, we use our data to demonstrate a nontrivial dependence of the bending rigidity on the number of layers in the top membrane, which shows two different regimes driven by slippage between the layers, and a high sensitivity of the vdW force to the alignment between the substrate and the membrane.

Microstructure characterization of different types of chlamydospores in Arthrobotrys flagrans.

The morphological and structural differences of different types of chlamydospore of Arthrobotrys flagrans, a nematophagous fungus, were studied under light microscope and electron microscope to provide a reference for the biological control of parasitic nematodiasis. In this study, A. flagrans isolate F088 dormant chlamydospore and nondormant chlamydospore were selected as the research objects. The structural differences of these spores were observed by optical microscopy through lactol cotton blue, Trypan blue, and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) staining. FunXite -1, 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole, and calcofluor white staining were used to observe the metabolic activity, cell wall, and nucleus differences of the two types of spores under fluorescence microscope. Ultrastructure of the two kinds of spores was observed using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). Since lacto phenol cotton blue, trypan blue staining cannot distinguish dormant spores from dead spores, MTT assay was performed. Fluorescence microscopy observation showed that the cytoplasmic metabolic activity of nondormant spores was stronger than that of dormant spores. The nucleus of dormant spores was bright blue, and their fluorescence was stronger than that of nondormant spores. The cell wall of nondormant spores produced stronger yellow-green fluorescence than that of dormant spores. Ultrastructural observation showed that there were globular protuberances on the surface of the two types of spores but with no significant difference between them. The inner wall of dormant spore possesses a thick zona pellucida with high electron density which was significantly thicker than that of nondormant spores, and their cytoplasm is also changed. In this study, the microstructure characteristics of dormant and nondormant chlamydospores of A. flagrans fungi were preliminarily clarified, suggesting that the state of cell wall and intracellular materials were changed after spores entered to dormancy.

Determination of cyclic adenosine phosphate and protein content in dormant chlamydospore and nondormant chlamydospore of Arthrobotrys flagrans.

Arthrobotrys flagrans, a nematode-eating fungus, is an effective component of animal parasitic nematode biocontrol agents. In the dried formulation, the majority of spores are in an endogenous dormant state. This study focuses on dormant chlamydospore and nondormant chlamydospore of A. flagrans to investigate the differences in cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and protein content between the two types of spores. cAMP and soluble proteins were extracted from the nondormant chlamydospore and dormant chlamydospore of two isolates of A. flagrans. The cAMP Direct Immunoassay Kit and Bradford protein concentration assay kit (Coomassie brilliant blue method) were used to detect the cAMP and protein content in two types of spores. Results showed that the content of cAMP in dormant spores of both isolates was significantly higher than that in nondormant spores (p < 0.05). The protein content of dormant spores in DH055 bacteria was significantly higher than that of nondormant spores (p < 0.05). In addition, the protein content of dormant spores of the SDH035 strain was slightly higher than that of nondormant spores, but the difference was not significant (p > 0.05). The results obtained in this study provide evidence for the biochemical mechanism of chlamydospore dormancy or the germination of the nematophagous fungus A. flagrans.

Design, synthesis, and anti-oomycete activity of 3-acyloxymaltol/ethyl maltol derivatives.

Twenty 3-acyloxymaltol/ethyl maltol derivatives (7a-j and 8a-j) were synthesized and evaluated in vitro for their anti-oomycete activity against Phytophthora capsici, respectively. Among all of twenty derivatives, more than half of the compounds 7f, 7h, 8a-h and 8j had anti-oomycete activity higher than the positive control zoxamide (EC50 = 22.23 mg/L), and the EC50 values of 18.66, 20.32, 12.80, 16.18, 10.59, 14.98, 16.80, 10.36, 15.32, 12.64, and 13.59 mg/L, respectively. Especially, compounds 8c and 8f exhibited the best anti-oomycete activity against P. capsici with EC50 values of 10.59 and 10.36 mg/L, respectively. Overall, hydroxyl group of maltol/ethyl maltol is important active modification site.

Coordination-Induced Symmetry Breaking on Metal-Porphyrinic Framework Thin Films for Enhanced Nonlinear Optical Limiting.

Structural asymmetry affecting the nonlinear optics (NLO) of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) is very important in fundamentals and applications but is still a challenge. Herein we develop a series of indium-porphyrinic framework (InTCPP) thin films and provide the first study on the coordination-induced symmetry breaking on their third-order NLO. The continuous and oriented InTCPP(H2) thin films were grown on quartz substrates and then postcoordinated with different cations (Fe2+ or Fe3+Cl-) in InTCPP(H2) (named InTCPP(Fe2+) and InTCPP(Fe3+Cl-)). The third-order NLO results reveal the Fe2+ and Fe3+Cl- coordinated InTCPP thin films have substantially enhanced NLO performance. Moreover, InTCPP(Fe3+Cl-) thin films cause symmetry breaking of microstructures, resulting in a 3-fold increase in the nonlinear absorption coefficient (up to 6.35 × 10-6 m/W) compared to InTCPP(Fe2+). This work not only develops a series of nonlinear optical MOF thin films but also provides new insight into symmetry breaking on MOFs for nonlinear optoelectronic applications.

Highly Efficient Light Helicity Detection of Enantiomers by Chiral Metal-Organic Framework Thin Films.

The potential of chiral metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) for circularly polarized (CP) optics has been largely unexplored. Herein, we have successfully deposited monolithic and highly oriented chiral MOF thin films prepared by a layer-by-layer method (referred to as surface-coordinated MOF thin films, SURMOF) to fabricate CP photodetection devices and distinguish enantiomers. The helicity-sensitive absorption induced by a pair of enantiopure oriented SURMOF was found to be excellent, with an anisotropy factor reaching 0.41. Moreover, the chiral SURMOFs exhibited a pronounced difference in the uptake of the l- and d-tryptophan enantiomers. To demonstrate the potential of these novel MOF thin films for chirality analysis, we fabricated a portable sensor device that allows for chiral recognition by monitoring the photocurrent signals. Our findings not only introduce a new concept of using chiral building blocks for realizing direct CP photodetectors but also provide a blueprint for novel devices in chiral optics.

[Anti-tumor mechanism of total saponins of Paridis Rhizoma on inducing ferroptosis of breast cancer MCF-7 cells].

This study aims to investigate the mechanism of total saponins of Paridis Rhizoma in inducing the ferroptosis of MCF-7 cells and provide a theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of breast cancer with total saponins of Paridis Rhizoma. The methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT) assay was employed to examine the effects of different concentrations of total saponins of Paridis Rhizoma on the proliferation of MCF-7 cells. A phase contrast inverted microscope was used to observe the morphological changes of MCF-7 cells. The colony formation assay was employed to test the colony formation of MCF-7 cells. The lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) release test was conducted to determine the cell membrane integrity of MCF-7 cells. The cell scratch assay was employed to examine the migration of MCF-7 cells. After that, the level of reactive oxygen species(ROS) in MCF-7 cells was observed by an inverted fluorescence microscope, and the content of Fe~(2+) in MCF-7 cells was detected by the corresponding kit. Transmission electron microscopy was employed to observe the mitochondrial ultrastructure of MCF-7 cells. Western blot was employed to determine the expression of ferroptosis-related proteins, such as p53, solute carrier family 7 member 11(SLC7A11), glutathione peroxidase 4(GPX4), acyl-CoA synthetase long-chain family member 4(ACSL4), and transferrin receptor protein 1(TFR1) in MCF-7 cells. The results showed that 1.5, 3, 4.5, 6, 7.5, and 9 µg·mL~(-1) total saponins of Paridis Rhizoma significantly inhibited the proliferation of MCF-7 cells, with the IC_(50) of 4.12 µg·mL~(-1). Total saponins of Paridis Rhizoma significantly damaged the morphology of MCF-7 cells, leading to the formation of vacuoles and the gradual shrinkage and detachment of cells. Meanwhile, total saponins of Paridis Rhizoma inhibited the colony formation of MCF-7 cells, destroyed the cell membrane(leading to the release of LDH), and shortened the migration distance of MCF-7 cells. Total saponins of Paridis Rhizoma treatment significantly increased the content of ROS, induced oxidative damage, and led to the accumulation of Fe~(2+) in MCF-7 cells. Furthermore, total saponins of Paridis Rhizoma changed the mitochondrial structure, increased the mitochondrial membrane density, led to the decrease or even disappear of ridges, promoted the expression of p53 protein, down-regulated the expression of SLC7A11 and GPX4, and up-regulated the expression of ACSL4 and TFR1. In summary, total saponins of Paridis Rhizoma can significantly inhibit the proliferation and migration of MCF-7 cells and destroy the cell structure by inducing ferroptosis.