Study on agricultural drought disaster risk assessment in Heilongjiang reclamation area based on SSAPSO optimization projection pursuit model.

Heilongjiang reclamation area serves as a crucial hub for commodity grain production and strategic reserves in China, playing a vital role in maintaining national food security. Investigating the assessment of agricultural drought risk in this region can yield valuable insights into spatial and temporal variations in drought risk. Such insights can aid in formulating effective strategies for disaster prevention and mitigation, thereby minimizing food losses caused by drought disasters. This study employs a comprehensive indicator system comprising 17 indicators categorized into hazard, exposure, vulnerability, and resistance capacity. The projection pursuit model is applied to evaluate regional drought risk, while the PSO algorithm, optimized by the SSA algorithm, addresses the limitations of low local search ability and search accuracy during the large-scale search process of the PSO optimization algorithm. This study examines and compares the optimization and convergence capabilities of three algorithms: real number encoding-based genetic algorithm (RAGA), particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO), and sparrow algorithm-based improved particle swarm optimization algorithm (SSAPSO). The analysis demonstrates that SSAPSO exhibits superior optimization performance and convergence properties, establishing it as a highly effective algorithm for optimization tasks. The findings reveal the following trends: over time, agricultural drought risk in Heilongjiang reclamation area has generally declined, with fluctuations observed in hazard and vulnerability, an increase in exposure, and a continuous enhancement of resistance capacity. Spatially, the western region exhibits significantly higher agricultural drought risk compared to the eastern region, primarily due to elevated hazard and vulnerability, coupled with lower resistance capacity. As the agricultural economy grows and agricultural expertise accumulates, the risk of agricultural drought decreases. However, variations in economic growth among different regions lead to diverse spatial distributions of risk.

[Analysis of genetic characteristics of wild-type measles viruses in Jilin Province 2005].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the know gene types of main wild type measles virus strains and take measures to control measles in Jilin Province. METHODS: Genetic characterization of 9 measles viruses isolated from 72 throat swabs or urine specimens of measles patients using CDW(150) cells line was studied in Jilin Province in 2005. RESULTS: Sequence analysis of 450 nucleotides of COOH-terminal of nucleoprotein (N) genes of 9 isolates indicated that all were members of H(1) genotype, in which there are 7 strains of H1a and 2 strains of H1b, the H1a subgroup differed from H1b by 2.0% approximately 3.5% at the nucleotide level in the COOH-terminal of the N gene. CONCLUSIONS: The H(1) genotype of wild-type measles viruses should be the main epidemic strain and main pathogen that caused measles outbreaks and sporadic cases in Jilin Province.

Zhichan powder regulates nigrostriatal dopamine synthesis and metabolism in Parkinson's disease rats.

In this study, rat models of Parkinson's disease induced by substantia nigra injection of 6-hydroxy-dopamine were intragastrically administered Zhichan powder daily for 50 days. Reverse transcription PCR results showed that tyrosine hydroxylase mRNA expression in the rat substantia nigra was significantly increased, while monoamine oxidase B mRNA expression was significantly decreased in the Zhichan powder group, compared with the model group. In addition, the levels of striatal dopamine and homovanillic acid, the ratio of dopamine to homovanillic acid, and the activity of blood superoxide dismutase were all higher in the Zhichan powder group than in the model group, but the content of malondialdehyde in blood was lower. Our experimental findings indicate that Zhichan powder has an antioxidant effect, it can regulate the expression of monoamine oxidase B and tyrosine hydroxylase in the substantia nigra of Parkinson's disease rats, and it can facilitate the secretion of striatal dopamine and its metabolite homovanillic acid.

Effects of Zhichan powder on signal transduction and apoptosis-associated gene expression in the substantia nigra of Parkinson's disease rats.

Previous studies have shown that Zhichan powder elevated immunity and suppressed oxidation in mice. Rat models of Parkinson's disease were induced by stereotaxically injecting 6-hydroxydopamine into the substantia nigra. The rat models were intragastrically treated with Zhichan powder, which is composed of milkvetch root, ginseng, bunge swallowwort root, himalayan teasel root, Magnolia officinalis, Ligustrum lucidum Ait. and szechwan lovage rhizome. Immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription-PCR results demonstrated that mRNA and protein expression of tumor necrosis factor receptor 1, Fas, caspase-8, cytochrome C, Bax, caspase-3, and p53 significantly increased, but Bcl-2 expression significantly decreased in the substantia nigra of rats with Parkinson's disease. Following Zhichan powder administration, mRNA and protein expression of tumor necrosis factor receptor 1, Fas, caspase-8, cytochrome C, Bax, caspase-3, and p53 diminished, but Bcl-2 expression increased in the rat substantia nigra. These results indicate that Zhichan powder regulates signal transduction protein expression, inhibits apoptosis, and exerts therapeutic effects on Parkinson's disease.