The autophagy in ischemic stroke: A regulatory role of non-coding-RNAs.

Ischemic stroke (IS) is a central nervous system neurological disorder ascribed to an acute focal trauma, with high mortality and disability, leading to a heavy burden on family and society. Autophagy is a self-digesting process by which damaged organelles and useless proteins are recycled to maintain cellular homeostasis, and plays a pivotal role in the process of IS. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), mainly contains microRNA, long non-coding RNA and circular RNA, have been extensively investigated on regulation of autophagy in human diseases. Recent studies have implied that ncRNAs-regulating autophagy participates in pathophysiological process of IS, including cell apoptosis, inflammation, oxidative stress, blood-brain barrier damage and glial activation, which indicates that regulating autophagy by ncRNAs may be beneficial for IS treatment. This review summarizes the role of autophagy in IS, as well as focuses on the role of ncRNAs-mediated autophagy in IS, for the development of potential therapeutic strategies in this disease.

A review of animal models of vascular dementia / 中国比较医学杂志

Vascular dementia(VD)is caused by cerebrovascular diseases,either hemorrhage or ischemic damage in the brain,with ischemia being the most common.In recent years,increasing efforts have been made to study the etiology,pathogenesis,and prevention of VD.The establishment of appropriate animal models to study the mechanism of VD and explore the efficacy of VD treatments has become an important issue in this research field.On the basis of conventional method,such as bilateral occlusion of common carotid arteries(2VO)and four-vessel occlusion,researchers have modified these method to improve stability with better reflection of the clinical manifestations of VD.This review summarizes these modified method and discusses possible cellular and molecular mechanisms and their advantages and disadvantages.

Wnt pathway inhibitors are upregulated in XLH dental pulp cells in response to odontogenic differentiation / 国际口腔科学杂志·英文版

X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) represents the most common form of familial hypophosphatemia. Although significant advances have been made in the treatment of bone pathology, patients undergoing therapy continue to experience significantly decreased oral health-related quality of life. The following study addresses this persistent oral disease by further investigating the effect of DMP1 expression on the differentiation of XLH dental pulp cells. Dental pulp cells were isolated from the third molars of XLH and healthy controls and stable transduction of full-length human DMP1 were achieved. RNA sequencing was performed to evaluate the genetic changes following the induction of odontogenic differentiation. RNAseq data shows the upregulation of inhibitors of the canonical Wnt pathway in XLH cells, while constitutive expression of full-length DMP1 in XLH cells reversed this effect during odontogenic differentiation. These results imply that inhibition of the canonical Wnt pathway may contribute to the pathophysiology of XLH and suggest a new therapeutic strategy for the management of oral disease.

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells laden novel thermo-sensitive hydrogel for the management of severe skin wound healing.

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are easy to collect and culture, and it is identified that it has multi-directional differentiation potential, moreover it has low immunogenicity, hence it can be used as an allogeneic cell source for skin wound healing. Hydrogel has been widely used in skin wound healing own to it is able to mimic the 3D microenvironment of cells, which supports cell proliferation, migration and secretion. In this study, we created a novel biocompatible thermo-sensitive hydrogel to carry BMSCs for full-thickness skin wound healing. The thermo-sensitive hydrogel loaded with BMSCs can fast achieve sol-gel transition after implanting to the wound. Histological results confirmed that hydrogel-BMSCs combination group showed significant promotion of wound closure, epithelial cells' proliferation and re-epithelialization, and reduced inflammatory responses in the wounds and in the tissues surrounding the wounds. The combination therapy also can promote collagen deposition, TGF-ß1 and bFGF secretion and tissue remodeling. The present study provides a promising strategy for the clinical treatment of skin wounds.

Sclerostin antibody improves alveolar bone quality in the Hyp mouse model of X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) / 国际口腔科学杂志·英文版

X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) is a rare disease of elevated fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) production that leads to hypophosphatemia and impaired mineralization of bone and teeth. The clinical manifestations of XLH include a high prevalence of dental abscesses and periodontal disease, likely driven by poorly formed structures of the dentoalveolar complex, including the alveolar bone, cementum, dentin, and periodontal ligament. Our previous studies have demonstrated that sclerostin antibody (Scl-Ab) treatment improves phosphate homeostasis, and increases long bone mass, strength, and mineralization in the Hyp mouse model of XLH. In the current study, we investigated whether Scl-Ab impacts the dentoalveolar structures of Hyp mice. Male and female wild-type and Hyp littermates were injected with 25 mg·kg-1 of vehicle or Scl-Ab twice weekly beginning at 12 weeks of age and euthanized at 20 weeks of age. Scl-Ab increased alveolar bone mass in both male and female mice and alveolar tissue mineral density in the male mice. The positive effects of Scl-Ab were consistent with an increase in the fraction of active (nonphosphorylated) β-catenin, dentin matrix protein 1 (DMP1) and osteopontin stained alveolar osteocytes. Scl-Ab had no effect on the mass and mineralization of dentin, enamel, acellular or cellular cementum. There was a nonsignificant trend toward increased periodontal ligament (PDL) attachment fraction within the Hyp mice. Additional PDL fiber structural parameters were not affected by Scl-Ab. The current study demonstrates that Scl-Ab can improve alveolar bone in adult Hyp mice.

Predictive value of peripheral blood CD34-positive cell count for the stem cell mobilization effect of plerixafor in patients with multiple myeloma / 白血病·淋巴瘤

Objective:To explore the predictive value of peripheral blood CD34-positive cell count for the stem cell mobilization effect of plerixafor in patients with multiple myeloma (MM).Methods:The clinical data of 12 MM patients who used plerixafor for stem cell mobilization in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from December 2019 to February 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. The changes of peripheral blood CD34-positive cell count and the collection status of stem cell in all patients before and after the mobilization of plerixafor were analyzed.Results:Twelve patients were included in this study. These patients were in international staging system (ISS) stage Ⅱ-Ⅲ, and the induction therapy was mainly VRD regimen. The CD34-positive cell count was increased after the use of plerixafor in all patients no matter which mobilization strategies were used before plerixafor. The CD34-positive cell count was 3.63/μl (0.72-13.53/μl) and 32.11/μl (8.52-53.68/μl) before and after the use of plerixafor, and the difference was statistically significant ( Z = -0.40, P<0.001); the median increasing time was 11.50 times (1.61-23.71 times). The mobilization failure occurred in 1 patient. The CD34-positive cell count in his blood was less than 1/μl before the use of plerixafor; though increased 11.83 times after the use of plerixafor, the CD34-positive cell count was still less than 10/μl. Pearson analysis showed that among the patients with CD34-positive cell count less than 4/μl before the use of plerixafor, there was a positive correlation in peripheral blood CD34-positive cell count before and after the use of plerixafor ( r = 0.80, P = 0.032). Conclusions:The peripheral blood CD34-positive cell count has a certain predictive value for the stem cell mobilization effect of plerixafor in MM patients.

Dihydroartemisinin alleviates atopic dermatitis in mice by inhibiting mast cell infiltration / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the therapeutic effect of different doses of dihydroartemisinin (DHA) on atopic dermatitis (AD) in mice and explore the mechanism.@*METHODS@#Forty-two C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into 7 groups (@*RESULTS@#Treatment with 25, 75, and 125 mg/kg DHA and dexamethasone all alleviated AD symptoms of mice, reduced the severity scores of skin lesions, and ameliorated pathological changes of the skin tissue. DHA at 125 mg/kg produced the most obvious therapeutic effect and significantly alleviated mast cell infiltration in the lesions as compared with the other treatment groups (@*CONCLUSIONS@#DHA is effective for the treatment of AD in mice with an optimal dose of 125 mg/kg. The therapeutic effect of DHA is achieved probably through regulation of local immunity by inhibiting mast cell infiltration in the lesions.

Influence of acupoint-injection on TXB2 and 6-keto-PGF1a in patients with pseudobulbar palsy：a randomized controlled trial / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective:To prove the feasibility and validity ofXing Nao Jing acupoint-injection (XNJ-AI) at Fengchi (GB 20) for pseudobulbar palsy caused by ischemic stroke (PBP-IS). Methods:An assessor-blinded, two-parallel-group, randomized controlled trial was conducted, and the patients with PBP-IS were recruited and randomly divided into two groups. Patients in the control group received oral aspirin (100 mg per day for 2 weeks). In addition to oral aspirin; patients in the treatment group received XNJ-AI at Fengchi (GB 20), once a day, for two weeks. The primary outcome was assessed by the water-swallowing test (WST). Thromboxane B2 (TXB2) and 6-keto-prostaglandin F1a (6-keto-PGF1a) in plasma were measured before and after the treatment. Results:In the treatment group, the percentage of swallowing function no less than grade 3 before and after the treatment was 32% and 88%, respectively; in the control group, it was 28% and 76% before and after the treatment, respectively; the difference after the treatment between the two groups was statistically significant (P Conclusion:XNJ-AI at Fengchi (GB 20) can improve the patients’ swallowing function and balance the levels of TXB2 and 6-keto-PGF1α in plasma.

The relationship between obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome and renal function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus / 中华内分泌代谢杂志

Objective To observe the effect of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) on the renal function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods Sleep apnea hypopnea index (AHI), oxygen desaturation index (ODI), and nighttime lowest oxygen saturation (LSaO2) were evaluated in 298 patients with T2DM using a portable sleep apnea monitor.Patients were divided into T2DM without OSAHS group (n=120) and with OSAHS group (n=178) according to AHI90 ml·min-1·(1.73 m2)-1 (n=190), 90>eGFR>60 ml·min-1·(1.73 m2)-1 (n=84), eGFR<60 ml·min-1·(1.73 m2)-1 (n=24).The influencing factors of eGFR and AHI were analyzed by logistic regression analysis.Results There were significant differences in eGFR, uric acid (UA), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), waist circumference, hip circumference, body mass index (BMI), and urinary albumin between T2DM without OSAHS and with OSAHS groups(all P<0.05).eGFR showed a significant correlation with AHI(r=-0.154, P=0.008), ODI(r=-0.236,P<0.01),and LSaO2(r=0.145, P=0.024).Logistic regression revealed that eGFR(OR=0.991, 95%CI 0.983~0.998, P=0.014), BMI(OR=1.107, 95%CI 1.028~1.193, P=0.008)were independent risk factors for AHI.There were significant differences in age, urinary albumin, AHI, ODI, LSaO2 among groups with various eGFR levels (P<0.05).Stepwise regression showed that age(β=-0.456, 95%CI-0.571~-0.346,P<0.01)and AHI(β=-0.119, 95%CI-0.226~-0.007,P=0.037) were independent risk factors for eGFR.Conclusions OSAHS is a risk factor for renal impairment in patients with T2DM.

Application of Shear Wave Elastography in assessing liver allograft function in patients using organs from deceased citizens / 中华器官移植杂志

Objective To investigate the correlation between the elastographic characteristics of liver and postoperative function of liver allografts.Methods Forty-eight cases of liver transplantation from The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University were analyzed,Shear wave elastography (SWE) was performed before operation or at one week or one month post-operation.Liver function was evaluated by measuring alanine aminotransferase (ALT),aspartate transaminase (AST),total bilirubin (TBIL),γ-glutamine transferase (GGT),albumin (ALB),alkaline phosphatase (ALP),prothrombin time (PT),activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT),and international normalized ratio (INR).Early allograft dysfunction (EAD) was also analyzed with reference to SWE among liver transplant recipients.Results SWE at one week after transplantation was significantly correlated with TBIL (r=0.525 6,P<0.01),APTT (r=0.668 3,P<0.000 1),PT (r=0.593 7,P=0.000 1),INR (r=0.609 6,P<0.000 1) and prealbumin (r=-0.464 1,P<0.01).However,no significant correlation was observed between pre-operative SWE and parameters of post-operative liver function.SWE in EAD patients was higher than that of patients without EAD (17.60±1.09 kPa vs.13.38±0.99 kPa,P<0.01).The optimal cut-off value of SWE at one week post-operation was 14.85 kPa.Conclusion Postoperative SWE is significantly correlated with postoperative liver function tests and EAD,suggesting SWE is a potential test for evaluating the quality of liver allografts.

Comparison of simple drainage or drainage combined with urokinase for parapneumonic pleural effusion in children / 中华实用儿科临床杂志

Objective To compare the effectiveness,safety and related clinical indicators between simple drainage treatment and drainage treatment combined with intrathoracic urokinase for children with parapneumonic pleural effusion(PPE).Methods Twenty-nine in patients with PPE given pleural effusion drainage in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from January 2013 to December 2015 were selected as research subjects,who were divided into a simple group and an urokinase group based on whether intrathoracic urokinase was injected or not.The total number of hospital stay,the total drainage volume,the total number of catheter days,the total cost,the days with fever,efficient rate,operation rate and security of the patients were retrospectively analyzed between two groups.Results The intrathoracic days of hospital stay [M(P25,P75)] of urokinase group[19(11,30) days]were less than those of simple group[30(21,38) days],and the difference was significant (Z =-2.545,P =0.011);the total drainage volume[M(P25,P75)] of the urokinase group [430 (175,1 308) mL] was more than that of the simple group [110 (10,325)mL],and the difference was significant (Z =-2.811,P =0.005);the total number of catheter days [M (P25,P75)] of urokinase group [9 (7,19) days] was less than that of the simple group [20 (10,30) days],and the difference was significant (Z =-2.020,P =0.043);the total cost [M(P25,P75)] of the urokinase group [20 000(10 000,30 000)RMB] was less than that of the simple group [40 000 (30 000,50 000) RMB],and the difference was significant (Z =-2.631,P =0.009);the days with fever between urokinase group and the simple group was not significant (Z =-0.820,P =0.412).The urokinase group had a higher cure rate[76.9％ (10/13 cases)] and a lower surgical rate [23.1％ (3/13 cases)] compared with those of the simple group[18.7％ (3/16 cases),81.3％ (3/16 cases)],and the difference was significant (x2 =9.814,P =0.003).Conclusions Intrapleural urokinase therapy as an adjuvant treatment of PPE is simple and convenient,economic,higher efficiency,lower risk,which can be used as an effective clinical solution such disease.

One case report of lipoprotein glomerulopathy with literature review / 临床儿科杂志

Objective To discuss the clinical characteristics and prognosis of lipoprotein glomerulopathy (LPG) in chil-dren. Method Clinical data of one pediatric LPG patient were retrospectively analyzed. The clinical features and prognosis of childhood LPG were summarized based on literature review. Results A nine years old girl presented with frequent urination. The ifrst urine test revealed hematuria and proteinuria. After one week anti-infection treatment, the hematuria and proteinuria were continued. The serum albumin was slightly reduced. The hyperlipidemia and mild anemia were emerged. Kidney biopsy showed that enlarged glomeruli, with dilated capillary loops and weak eosinophilic lipoprotein thrombi in the capillary lumina under the light microscope;layered or tuftedemboluscontaining particulated lipid vacuoles under electron microscope. Gene sequencing identified APOE Tokyo (Leu141-Lys143→0). The diagnosis of LPG was confirmed. The lipid-lowering therapy was administrated and the disease was alleviated. Conclusion LPG is a rare disease in children. The level of blood lipid was signiifcantly increased, and the hormone therapy was ineffective. Kidney biopsy is the main basis for diagnosis. The genetic testing can prompt the genetic background. Lipid lowering therapy can relieve the progress of the disease.

Clinical Observation of Acupuncture plus Moxibustion for Prostatic Hyperplasia / 上海针灸杂志

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of acupuncture plus moxibustion in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia.Method Sixty cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia were randomly divided into two groups, 30 cases in the treatment group, 30 cases in the control group. The treatment group was intervened by Acupuncture and moxibustion, while the control group was by orally takingJingzhu Qianlie Longbitong capsules. The International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), Quality of Life score (QOL), maximal urinary flow rate (Qmax), residual urine volume (RUV) were compared before and after 3 courses of treatment. Result The total effective rate was 93.3% in the treatment group, versus 66.7% in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); the IPSS score, QOL score, Qmax, and RUV were significantly changed in both groups after intervention (P<0.05).Conclusion The treatment group and the control group both show improvements in IPSS, QOL score and Qmax and reduction of RUV, which proves that acupuncture plus moxibustion can produce a content efficacy in treating benign prostatic hyperplasia.

The diagnosis and treatment of late acute rejection after adult orthotopic liver transplantation / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the diagnosis, treatment and long-term outcome of late acute rejection (LAR) following adult orthotropic liver transplantation (OLT).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 398 consecutive adult patients who underwent OLT in Organ Transplant Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University between January 2007 and December 2012 were reviewed retrospectively. There were 48 patients (12. 1%) developed to LAR, including 43 male patients and 5 female patients, with an average age of (52 ± 13) years(18 - 70 years). The mean body mass index was (22.1 ± 4. 5) kg/m2 (15. 4 - 30. 4 kg/m2). The indications of the liver transplantation recipients included 16 cases of end-staged liver cirrhosis after hepatitis B or C(33. 3%), 14 cases with severe hepatitis (29. 2%), 9 cases of primary liver cancer(18. 5%), 5 cases of alcoholic liver cirrhosis (10. 4%), 1 case with autoimmune liver disease (2. 1%) , the other 3 cases (6. 3%). They were followed up by outpatient service, telephone and other means. Survival curves were generated with the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards modeling was used for predictors of mortality. Statistically significant variables found by single factor regression analysis were put into the Cox proportional hazards regression model of multivariate analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The time-to-event was 23. 6 months after OLT which were more common in the first year to the third year post-transplant (26/48,52. 4%). Thirty-five cases were assessed as mild, 11 cases were assessed as moderate, and 2 cases were assessed as severe ,based on the Banff schema. After adjustment to the immunosuppressive regimen, the overall recovery rate reached to 81. 3%. The rate of steroid-resistant acute rejection was 11. 8% (4/34). Inadequate immunosuppression and steroid pulsation were two independent risk factors affecting the prognosis of LAR (P = 0. 008, P = 0. 003, respectively).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>LAR is an uncommon complication after OLT. Inadequate immunosuppression and steroid pulsation are the major risk factors for prognosis of LAR. Improving patient compliance and strengthening blood concentration surveillance can increase the patient survival.</p>

Review of high quality nursing implementation / 中国实用护理杂志

Since 2010,the activities of high quality nursing service demonstration project were carried out in the national health system,its main purpose is to strengthen the nursing foundation,and provide satisfactory service.By conducting these activities,significant achievements have been made,such as improved nursing quality,reduced nurse-patient disputes.However,in the process of implementation,there are stillsome problems for us to think about and solve.In this paper,there is a brief commentary about the results of high quality nursing implementation and related issues.

An improved method for primary culture of mouse pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells / 南方医科大学学报

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To establish an improved method for culturing primary mouse pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMVECs).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>An improved tissue block adherent culture method was used to isolate and culture the PMVECs from C57 mice. The cultured cells were identified by factor VIII-related antigen and CD31 antigen, and the growth of cells cultured using the improved method and the conventional method was compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The cultured primary pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells showed a short fusiform or round morphology, and the cell monolayer displayed a cobble stone-like appearance. The cultured cells were positive for VIII-related antigen and CD31 antigen. The cell growth was accelerated in the cell cultures with the improved method compared with that in conventional cell cultures.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The improved culture method allows more efficient acquisition of primary mouse PMVECs of a greater purity.</p>

Combined middle meatus and expand pre-lacrimal recess-maxillary sinus approach for endoscopic maxillary sinus surgery / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study surgical techniques and clinical applications of the intranasal endoscopic combined approach in maxillary sinus benign lesions surgery.@*METHOD@#A retrospective clinical analysis of 27 patients "whose unilateral maxillary sinus benign lesions operated by the intranasal endoscopic middle meatus with inferior meatus tears recess approach surgical treatment was studied.@*RESULT@#Benign lesions were confirmed by pathology in all patients before and after surgery as to rule out malignancy. All patients had been followed up for 12 to 24 months. Twenty-seven cases resulted in normal luminal epithelium and inferior turbinate shape after surgery. Only one case of papilloma relapsed 2 months after operation. So far, the papilloma has not recurred after the second surgery. There were no epiphora in all cases.@*CONCLUSION@#Endonasal endoscopic expand anterior tears recess approach have great and clear view. This approach made us accurately, mini-invade and completely remove the maxillary sinus benign lesions. It is a physiological and functional surgery and has great advantage in the nasal cavity disease treatment.

The Pulse Monitoring System Based on MCU and GSM / 中国医学物理学杂志

Objective: This thesis describes a pulse monitoring system based on MCU and GSM. Methods: Monitoring system is a wireless remote monitoring devices which using the SMS in GSM mobile communications network. The signal of pulse is acquisited by Acquisition Circuit, after timing and counting by MCU, pulse rate above the standard is directly transmited to family cell or Dr Mobile by GSM. Results: If the patient arises suddenly heart disease, monitor can be promptly sent to the pulse rate above the standard for family cell or Dr Mobile so that patients receive timely aid. Monitor has advantages of a wide coverage, economic and convenience. Conclusions: The monitor will greatly reduce the burden on the patient's family and hospital, This pulse monitoring system can meet with demands of service in the family and villa nursing and hospital.

Effect of brain derived neurotrophic factor precursor block on improvement of motor function in rats subjected to cord transaction / 中华创伤杂志

Objective To investigate the role of precursor of brain derived neurotrophic factor (proBDNF) in the improvement of motor function of rats subjected to cord transection. Methods Spinal cord transection was performed at T10 level. The rats were divided into sham operation group and artificial cerebrospinal fluid group. Then, the rats were subjected to proBDNF antibody treatment. The efficiency of proBDNF block was also determined by immunohistochemistry. BBB scale scores were used to e-valuate the effect of ProBDNF block on the motor function of the rats with spinal cord transection. Results Compared with control rats, proBDNF treatment showed a marked down-regulation of proBDNF protein in the spinal cord and could significantly improve the motor function. BBB scores in proBDNF block group was higher than those in artificial cerebrospinal fluid group. Conclusion The proBDNF block is available to the recovery of the motor function in hindlimbs in cord transected rats, suggesting that proBDNF could be as a member of candidate molecules for SCI therapy in the future.

Prospective study of combinative artificial kidney treatment on renal osteopathy / 中国综合临床

Objective To explore therapeutic effects of combinative artificial kidney treatment on renal osteopathy.Methods HD + HP Group composed by 30 urinaemia was treated with hemodialysis and hemoperfusion,and the HD Group was treated only with hemodialysis.Clinical symptoms and lab indicators including osteodynia,itch of skin,blood pressure,appetite,sleep,as well as BUN,SCr,Hb,BPC,Ca,P and iPTH,were compared between the two groups.Results Osteodynia decreased by 67.7% (21/31),and itch of skin by 71.0% (22/31)in HD group.Osteodynia decreased by 96.7% (29/30) ,and itch of skin by 96.7% (29/30) in HD + HP group (P ＜0.01 ).iPTH were (65.5 ± 34.4) pmol/L before treatment and (57.1 ± 21.4) pmol/L after treatment in HD group,and (73.5 ± 44.4)pmol/L and (19.1 ± 17.4)pmol/L in HD + HP group.HD Group eliminated less iPTH (P ＞0.05).HD + HP Group removed more serum poison molecules than HD Group ( P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusions For patients in maintenance-dialysis stage but with higher iPTH,hemodialysis combined with hemoperfusion removes more poison molecules,consequently decreases incidence of renal osteopathy.