Extraction Behavior of Acidic Phosphorus-Containing Compounds to Some Metal Ions: A Combination Research of Experimental and Theoretical Investigations.

To provide feasible methods for the extraction of valuable metals from spent batteries or low-grade primary ores, the extraction behavior of some representative acidic phosphorus-containing compounds (APCCs) as extractants is evaluated from the perspective of experimental and theoretical investigations in this work. Aqueous solutions containing five metal ions, Ca(II), Co(II), Mg(II), Mn(II), and Ni(II), were made to simulate leaching liquids, and the extraction of these metals was investigated. A simplified calculated model was used to evaluate the interaction between each extractant and metal ions. The calculation results agree well with the experimental tests in trend. This work not only provides potential extractants for the extraction of valuable metals from spent batteries or low-grade primary ores but also demonstrates the practicability of the simplified calculation model.

An Unconventional Mechanistic Insight into SCF3 Formation from Difluorocarbene: Preparation of 18 F-Labeled α-SCF3 Carbonyl Compounds.

Trifluoromethylthiolation by sulfuration of difluorocarbene with elemental sulfur is described for the first time, which overrides long-standing trifluoromethyl anion-based theory. Mechanistic elucidation reveals an unprecedented chemical process for the formation of thiocarbonyl fluoride and also enables transition-metal-mediated trifluoromethylthiolation and [18 F]trifluoromethylthiolation of α-bromo carbonyl compounds with broad substrate scope and compatibility.

A new diagnostic scoring system to differentiate Hirschsprung's disease from Hirschsprung's disease-allied disorders in patients with suspected intestinal dysganglionosis.

PURPOSE: To create a simple diagnostic scoring system to differentiate Hirschsprung's disease (HD) from Hirschsprung's disease-allied disorders (HAD) in patients with suspected intestinal dysganglionosis (IDs). METHODS: Between 1998 and 2008, 967 patients with suspected intestinal dysganglionosis underwent surgical treatment at the pediatric surgery department of Tongji Hospital. The diagnosis of HD or HAD was confirmed by postoperative pathological examination. All patients underwent preoperative work-up including barium enema, anorectal manometry, and histochemical acetylcholinesterase staining of rectal mucosa. Known risk factors for IDs were recorded. The predicting score was calculated by summing the scores of the risk factors and three preoperative tests. The sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive values, negative predictive values, positive likelihood ratios, and negative likelihood ratios of the predicting score were calculated. The cutoff score for predicting HD was determined using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. The accuracy of the predicting score was measured by the area under the ROC curve. RESULTS: Failed or delayed passage of meconium, age <3 years and male gender were risk factors associated with HD. The area under the ROC curve of the predicting score was 0.927 (95 % confidence interval, 0.910-0.944). A predicting score of more than 5 was used as a cutoff for predicting HD. The scoring system achieved 83.1 % sensitivity, 89.5 % specificity, and 85.9 % accuracy in predicting HD. CONCLUSION: Patients with a predicting score of more than 5 are more likely to be diagnosed with HD, whereas a score less than 5 are mostly indicative of HAD.

[Practice and exploration on clinical evaluations of hospital-made Chinese herbal formulas in the Pudong new area of Shanghai].

Chinese herbal formulas can well present the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) with their simple, convenient, inexpensive and effective uses. However, due to the high cost of production, manufacturing pharmacies inside the hospital closed down one after another, which rendered the difficult situation of developing preparation of Chinese herbal formulas. The Pudong New Area of Shanghai, as a pilot region for comprehensive reforms on national development of TCM, vigorously explores the standardized research on and application of hospital-made Chinese herbal formulas. The Health Bureau of the Pudong New Area, based on the Shuguang Hospital, has established a clinical evaluation center for hospital-made Chinese herbal formulas. Through screening, manufacturing, quality control, unified allocation, and standardized clinical evaluation, the clinical evaluation center has summarized its experience on these processes.

Efficacy and safety of ciprofol for agitation and delirium in the ICU: A multicenter, single-blind, 3-arm parallel randomized controlled trial study protocol.

Background: Agitation is very common in the intensive care unit (ICU). The causes include pain, delirium, underlying disease, withdrawal syndrome, and some drug treatments. The practical goal of ICU treatment is to find an appropriate sedation regimen to reduce pain, restlessness, and delirium. Previous trials have examined the use of dexmedetomidine, but no trials have evaluated the efficacy and safety of ciprofol, a new sedative drug. Methods: This study was a multicenter, single-blind, 3-arm parallel randomized controlled trial. ICU patients aged ≥ 18 years with agitation and delirium who met the eligibility criteria were included. The main outcome was the proportion of patients who needed additional study medication or midazolam due to agitation within 4 h after the first intravenous injection of the study medication. The secondary outcomes included the pass rate as indicated by a Richmond Agitation-Sedation Scale (RASS) score < +1, the effectiveness rate of improving delirium symptoms, the number of recurrences of agitation within 24 h, the incidence of rescue treatment, the dose and cost of analgesic and sedative drugs, the length and cost of ICU stay, and the 30-day survival period. The safety evaluation included the incidence of adverse events (hypotension, bradycardia, hypoxia, etc.) and the rate of endotracheal intubation. The subjects were randomly assigned to receive ciprofol, dexmedetomidine, or normal saline at a ratio of 1:1:1. The rates of additional drug administration within 4 h after the first injection of the study drug in the three groups were 40, 50, and 90%, respectively. A total sample size of 81 subjects was required to reach 90% power and an α of 0.05. Considering a 20% loss rate, 102 patients were enrolled and randomly assigned to the three groups in equal proportions. Ethics and communication: This trial was approved by the Ethics Committee of Dalian Municipal Central Hospital. The communication plan includes presentations at scientific conferences, scientific publications, and presentations to the public through non-professional media. Clinical trial registration: www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier ChiCTR220006 2799.

Comprehensive analysis of key lncRNAs in ischemic stroke.

Ischemic stroke (IS) is a leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide. However, the treatments for ischemic stroke remained inadequate. The mechanisms underlying ischemic stroke are still not completely understood. the present study identified 19 lncRNAs related to stroke recovery by analyzing a public dataset GSE37587. A co-expression network included 24 lncRNAs, 1668 mRNAs and 3542 edges were constructed in the present study. Bioinformatics analysis showed these lncRNAs were involved in regulating multiple biological processes and pathways, such as mRNA nonsense-mediated decay, translation, cell-cell adhesion. Three lncRNAs, including DLEU1, LOC432369, and LOC338799, were identified as key lncRNAs in stroke. Bioinformatics showed DLEU1 was involved in regulating oxidative phosphorylation, and ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis. LOC432369 was associated with oxidative phosphorylation. LOC338799 was associated with clathrin-dependent endocytosis, the establishment of organelle localization and ribonucleoprotein complex assembly. We thought this study could provide useful information to understand the mechanisms underlying stroke progression.

[Transumbilical laparoscopic pull-through for children with hypoganglionosis].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the surgical outcomes after on transumbilical laparoscopic pull-through procedure for pediatric hypoganglionosis(HYP). METHODS: Twelve children with HYP had received transumbilical laparoscopic pull-through procedure from June 2009 to June 2010. Specially designed curved and elongated laparoscopic instruments were used during the procedures. All the patients were followed up over 10 months. Data were collected and analyzed. The diagnosis of hypoganglionsis was pathologically confirmed. RESULTS: No conversions to laparotomy or traditional laparoscopic surgery were required and there were no damages to the abdominal blood vessels, intestine, ductus deferens, or ureters. The average duration of operation was 140 min. The mean intraoperative blood loss was 45 ml. The mean length of specimen was 40 cm. Postoperatively there were no complications such as anastomotic leak, anastomotic stricture, constipation, seepage, or fecal in continence. The average hospital stay after surgery was 9 days. During 10 to 22 months of follow-up(median 16 months), no postoperative recurrence was noticed. No obvious scar was seen 1 months after surgery. CONCLUSION: It is safe and effective for children with hypoganglionosis to undergo transumbilical laparoscopic pull-through procedure.