[Effect of beta-adrenoblockers on remodeling of myocardium and adhesive function of endothelium in patients with ischemic heart disease, complicated with chronic heart failure and atrial fibrillation].

AIM: To elucidate effect of adrenoblockers on remodeling of myocardium and adhesive function of endothelium in with ischemic heart disease with chronic heart failure (CHF) and addition of atrial fibrillation (AF). MATERIAL AND METHODS: We included into the study 77 patients with functional class II-III CHF and AF of ischemic genesis randomized in 2 groups, In group 1 were included 40 patients who during 24 weeks used carvedilol at the background of basic therapy, in group 2 - 37 patients receiving metoprolol tartrate. In the work we used clinico instrumental (echocardiography, test with 60 minute walk), immunoenzymatic (soluble intercellular adhesion molecules (sVCAM, SE - selectin) methods of investigation. RESULTS: Application of both BAB improved clinical state and physical working capacity of patients with CHF and AF. Carvedilol more significantly than metoprolol tartrate prevented remodeling of myocardium, inhibited expression of cellular adhesion molecules. Levels of sE selectin and VCAM 1 decreased under action of carvedilol. CONCLUSION: Carvedilol in long term therapy of CHF with AF exerts substantial influence on adhesive function of endothelium and improves hemodynamics.

[Structure and activity of carvedilol].

Unique stereochemistry of the third-generation beta-adrenoblockers is a basis of advantages of the new drugs such as carvedilol. Data on the stereochemistry beta-adrenoblockers and the influence of their optical activity on the pharmacological effects of related drugs are presented. Main steps in the practical invest gation of carvedilol stereoisomers are reviewed. Clinical aspects of the use of carvedilol, representing a racemic mixture of two enantiomers, in the treatment chronic heart failure, arterial hypertension, and coronary heart disease are considered.

[Association of polymorphic markers I/D of gene ACE and A1166C of gene AT2R1 with ischemic chronic heart failure in the Russian and Tatar populations of Bashkortostan Republic].

Polymerase chain reaction was used to study the association of polymorphic markers I/D of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene (ACE) and A1166C of the angiotensin II type 1 receptor gene (AT2R1) with chronic heart failure (CHF) in Russian and Tatar patients that had had myocardial infarction. In Russian patients aged 50 years or younger that had had macrofocal myocardial infarction, the CC genotype of the A1166C polymorphic marker of gene AT2R1 was associated with an increased risk of CHF (OR = 11.36). Genotype DD and allele D of the I/D polymorphic marker of gene ACE were associated with a more severe CHF (functional class III-IV) in Russian patients (OR = 3.50 and 2.06). In Tatar patients, polymorphic markers I/D of gene ACE and A1166C of gene AT2R1 were not associated with CHF.

[Lipid peroxides and the hemostatic system in myocardial infarct complicated by arrhythmia]. / Perekisi lipidov i sistema gemostaza pri infarkte miokarda, oslozhnennom narusheniiami ritma serdtsa.

A comprehensive study of the levels of lipid peroxidation products and hemostatic parameters was made in 73 patients with various clinical courses of myocardial infarction by using current clinical and laboratory techniques. The patients were demonstrated to have a substantial increase in lipid peroxides and in the activity of glutathione peroxidase, an antioxidative enzyme, which was accompanied by hemostatic disorders. The biochemical changes revealed reflect the severity of the disease and may promote the occurrence and deterioration of cardiac arrhythmias in patients with myocardial infarction.

[Lipid peroxides and atherosclerosis. The content of lipid peroxidation products in the blood in ischemic heart disease]. / Perekisi lipidov i ateroskleroz. Soderzhanie produktov perekisnogo okisleniia lipidov v krovi bol'nykh ishemicheskoi bolezni'iu serdtsa.

It was established that the content of primary (acylhydroperoxide) and secondary (intermollecular "seams" in aminophospholipids) products of lipid peroxide oxidation in blood of patients with ischemic heart disease is increased against the background of hyperlipidemia and hypercholesterolemia. It is suggested that intensification of lipid peroxide oxidation may play a role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.

[Lipid peroxides and atherosclerosis. Free radical peroxidation of polyene lipids in the blood in ischemic heart disease]. / Perekisi lipidov i ateroskleroz, Svobodnoradikal'noe perekisnoe okislenie polienovykh lipidov v krovi bol'nykh ishemicheskoi bolezn'iu serdtsa.

Examination of blood in 114 males (35--60 years of age) with stage III of lipid hydroperoxides, acylhydroperoxides, intermol ecular cross-links in the aminophosphatides and secondary products of lipoperoxidation was increased considerably as compared to that in practically healthy males (30) of the same age. The activity of blood glutathione lipoperoxidase in the examined group of patients was sharply reduced.

[Pharmacokinetics and clinical efficacy of histochrome in patients with acute myocardial infarction]. / Farmakokinetika i klinicheskaia éffektivnost' gistokhroma u bol'nykh ostrym infarktom miokarda.

The effect of the antioxidant histochrom on the size of the myocardial infarction and activity of the cardioselective enzyme creatine phosphokinase was studied in 45 patients with acute myocardial infarction during thrombolytic therapy. Changes in blood plasma histochrom concentration were studied in 7 patients with myocardial infarction after a single intravenous infusion of 100 mg of the drug. The pharmacokinetic parameters of the drug are shown. The use of histochrom in thrombolytic treatment of acute myocardial infarction lead to limitation of the necrotic zone and increase of myocardial contractility, and results in a more favorable course of the processes of left-ventricular remodeling.

[The correlations of lipid peroxidation, antioxidant protection and microrheological disorders in the development of IHD]. / Korreliatsionnye sviazi perekisnogo okisleniia lipidov, antioksidantnoi zashchity i mikroreologicheskikh narushenii v razvitii IBS.

Lipid peroxidation, antioxidant defense and microrheological properties of blood were determined, correlated and compared with clinico-hemodynamic indices in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD). It is shown that products of lipid peroxidation modify structure and function of red cells and platelets in IHD. A regulatory role of the antioxidant system in metabolism of lipoperoxides and peroxide damage to blood cells in IHD is shown. A pathogenetic implication of correlated changes in the systems of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defense, microrheological properties of blood in formation of clinical course of IHD is revealed.

[The clinico-hemodynamic effects of the antioxidant ceruloplasmin in IHD patients]. / Kliniko-gemodinamicheskie éffekty antioksidanta tseruloplazmina u bol'nykh IBS.

Ceruloplasmin- and placebo-treated CHD patients were studied for severity of angina pectoris, changes in central hemodynamics, exercise tolerance. It is shown that ceruloplasmin promoted an increase in exercise tolerance, higher quality of life, arrest of the disease progress. Combined treatment of CHD incorporating ceruloplasmin produced a positive effect on central hemodynamics and contractile, pump capacities of the myocardium.

[Diovan efficacy and tolerance in mild and moderate hypertension]. / Effektivnost' i perenosimost' diovana pri lechenii miagkoi i umerennoi gipertonii.

AIM: To study clinical effectiveness and tolerance of diovan, a new angiotensin-II antagonist, in patients with mild and moderate blood hypertension (BH). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The trial included 20 patients (13 males and 7 females) aged 35-60 years with mild and moderate BH. All the patients received diovan (valsartan) for 8 weeks in a dose 80 mg/day. If the hypotensive effect was inadequate, the dose was increased to 160 mg/day. RESULTS: 2-week treatment with diovan brought a significant fall of both systolic and diastolic blood pressure. In 8 weeks the hypotensive effect enhanced. Lowering of diastolic BP to 90 mm Hg or at least by 10% was achieved in 90% of the patients. Tolerance was good, unfavorable metabolic shifts were absent. CONCLUSION: Diovan proved to be effective and safe in therapy of patients with mild and moderate BH.

[Antioxidant probucol: effects on free radical lipid peroxidation, blood rheology and course of angina pectoris]. / Antioksidant probukol: vliianie na svobodnoradikal'noe peroksidnoe okislenie lipidov, reologicheskie svoistva krovi i techenie stenokardii.

AIM: Study of the effect of antioxidant probucol on free-radical lipid peroxidation, blood rheology, and course of angina pectoris in coronary patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The above parameters and clinical hemodynamic values were monitored over the course of probucol therapy in 48 men (mean age 54.8 +/- 1.3 years) with coronary disease and angina of effort of the II-III functional class. RESULTS: Long therapy with probucol effectively inhibited free-radical lipid peroxidation, normalized lipid spectrum of the blood, and had a favorable impact on the course of angina pectoris. CONCLUSION: Probucol stabilizes the structure and function of red cells and platelets in coronary patients.

[The role of lipid peroxides and blood rheological disorders in the pathogenesis and clinical course of ischemic heart disease]. / Rol' perekisei lipidov i gemoreologicheskikh rasstroistv v patogeneze i klinicheskom techenii ishemicheskoi bolezni serdtsa.

Combined assessment of primary and secondary products of lipid peroxidation, functional activity of red cells has been conducted in 130 patients with ischemic heart disease running different courses. Lipid peroxidation was found enhanced both in the whole blood and red blood cells. Blood rheology got abnormal. It is shown that lipid peroxides are involved in damaging erythrocytic membrane structure and function, thus promoting the progression of ischemic heart disease.

[The antioxidant histochrome: its effect on lipid peroxidation and the blood rheological properties in patients with unstable stenocardia]. / Antioksidant gistokhrom: vliianie na perekisnoe okislenie lipidov i reologicheskie svoistva krovi u bol'nykh bestabil'noi stenokardiei.

Lipid peroxidation and blood rheology were assessed in the course of treatment with antioxidant histochrome and placebo of 66 unstable angina pectoris (UAP) patients. Histochrome has a high antioxidant activity and effectively inhibits accumulation of lipoperoxides in plasma and red cells of UAP patients, promotes stabilization of blood cell function and structures, reduces red cell and platelet aggregation.

[The antioxidant ceruloplasmin: its effect on lipid peroxidation, blood rheology and the course of stenocardia]. / Antioksidant tseruloplazmin: vliianie na perekisnoe okislenie lipidov, gemoreologiiu i techenie stenokardii.

Lipid peroxidation, antioxidant system and hemorheology were studied in the course of ceruloplasmin treatment given to 47 patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD). Coupled changes in the above systems seem to be involved in pathogenesis of IHD variants. Ceruloplasmin effectively inhibits lipid peroxidation, corrects hemorheological disorders, improves IHD running.

Association of interleukin-6, interleukin-12, and interleukin-10 gene polymorphisms with essential hypertension in Tatars from Russia.

Essential hypertension is a common disease with fatal clinical complications. Epidemiological and family studies have confirmed the role of genetic predisposition in its development. Hypertensive patients have been shown to have an altered profile of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. The aim of our investigation was to reveal the association of interleukin-6, interleukin-12, and interleukin-10 gene polymorphisms with essential hypertension and its clinical complications in a Tatar ethnic group from Bashkortostan, Russia. The study involved 362 hypertensive patients and 244 healthy subjects from this Tatar ethnic group (Bashkortostan, Russia). DNA was isolated from whole venous blood using phenol-chloroform extraction by the standard method. IL6 -572 G/C, IL12B 1159 C/A, and IL10 -627 C/A genotypes were typed using polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction enzyme digestion. We found that the IL10 -627 *C/*C genotype was associated with decreased risk of hypertension (OR = 0.64, P = 0.035). IL6 genotypes and allele distribution did not differ significantly between subjects with and without hypertension, but the IL6 -572 *G/*G genotype frequency was found to be significantly higher among those patients who had stroke, compared with normotensive control subjects (P = 0.036). Carriers of the IL12B 1159 *A/*A genotype had a lower risk of stroke (OR = 0.38, P = 0.028). Our study has shown the association between IL10 -627 C/A polymorphism and essential hypertension in the Tatar ethnic group from Bashkortostan, Russia. The IL10 -627*C/*C genotype was found to be protective against hypertension. We also demonstrated that hypertensive patients with the IL12B *A/*A and IL6 *G/*G genotypes had increased risk of stroke. Our results suggest a role for cytokines in cardiovascular disease development in the Tatar ethnic group, but further investigation is needed.