RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Home treatment has been proposed as an alternative to acute in-patient care for mentally ill patients. However, there is only moderate evidence in support of home treatment. AIMS: To test whether and to what degree home treatment services would enable a reduction (substitution) of hospital use. METHOD: A total of 707 consecutively admitted adult patients with a broad spectrum of mental disorders (ICD-10: F2-F6, F8-F9, Z) experiencing crises that necessitated immediate admission to hospital, were randomly allocated to either a service model including a home treatment alternative to hospital care (experimental group) or a conventional service model that lacked a home treatment alternative to in-patient care (control group) (trial registration at ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT02322437). RESULTS: The mean number of hospital days per patient within 24 months after the index crisis necessitating hospital admission (primary outcome) was reduced by 30.4% (mean 41.3 v. 59.3, P<0.001) when a home treatment team was available (intention-to-treat analysis). Regarding secondary outcomes, average overall treatment duration (hospital days + home treatment days) per patient (mean 50.4 v. 59.3, P = 0.969) and mean number of hospital admissions per patient (mean 1.86 v. 1.93, P = 0.885) did not differ statistically significantly between the experimental and control groups within 24 months after the index crisis. There were no significant between-group differences regarding clinical and social outcomes (Health of the Nation Outcome Scales: mean 9.9 v. 9.7, P = 0.652) or patient satisfaction with care (Perception of Care questionnaire: mean 0.78 v. 0.80, P = 0.242). CONCLUSIONS: Home treatment services can reduce hospital use among severely ill patients in acute crises and seem to result in comparable clinical/social outcomes and patient satisfaction as standard in-patient care.
Assuntos
Serviços de Assistência Domiciliar , Transtornos Mentais/terapia , Serviços de Saúde Mental , Assistência ao Paciente/métodos , Doença Aguda/terapia , Adulto , Feminino , Hospitalização/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Masculino , Satisfação do Paciente , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
AIM: To examine the validity of diagnoses obtained by clinicians during routine clinical examination on acute psychiatric inpatient wards. METHODS: N=100 inpatients with a broad spectrum of major mental disorders were randomly selected in a mental hospital's department of general psychiatry. Patients were diagnosed by independent assessors within Md = 5 (Range: 1-18) days of admission using the SCID I in order to examine the validity of the diagnoses given by the clinical staff based on routine assessments. RESULTS: The commonly used clinical examination technique had good overall agreement with the SCID I assessments regarding primary diagnoses at the level of ICD-10 main categories (F2, F30-31, F32-F33, F4; κ = 0.65). However, agreement between routine clinical diagnoses and the SCID I diagnoses tended to be low for some specific mental disorders (e.g., depressive disorders) and for secondary diagnoses. CONCLUSIONS: The validity of routine clinical diagnoses established in acute inpatient settings is limited and should be improved.