Serological evidence of Bartonellosis in an indigenous community in the Brazilian Legal Amazonia.

BACKGROUND: Due to immunological susceptibility, close contact with the environment and way of life, indigenous communities are in a highly vulnerable condition to be affected by zoonoses, such as bartonellosis. METHODS: Seventy three paired serum samples were collected from indigenous people from a region of the Brazilian Legal Amazon, in cohorts carried out in 2014 and 2015, with the performance of serological tests by indirect immunofluorescence to detect anti-Bartonella IgG antibodies. The interviews and laboratory results were double entered in the EpiInfo 7 software, and the data processing was performed in the MiniTab 17 software. RESULTS: 5.47% of the indigenous people were seroreagent. The female gender was predominant (65.75%), aged between 20 and 39 years old (39.73%) with complete elementary school (42.47%). As for housing, wooden residences predominated (50.68%). Rodents were seen by 46.58% of the interviewees, and 55.88% of them reported that the animal was close to or inside the house. It was identified that each indigenous family, in its majority, had four to six cats, for the function of hunters of rodents. CONCLUSION: The high concentration of domestic cats, the close contact of indigenous people with wild rodents and the lack of care and poor hygiene of both are aspects that imply the possibility of infection by Bartonella sp. Health surveillance through seroepidemiological studies is essential to find evidence of the circulation of bartonellosis in these populations.

Serological study on toxoplasmosis in the Haliti-Paresí community of the Utiariti indigenous territory, Campo Novo do Parecis, Mato Grosso, Brazil.

Toxoplasma gondii is the etiological agent of toxoplasmosis, a widespread zoonosis that affects several homeothermic animals, including humans. This disease causes serious health problems, such that 10% of infected individuals develop clinical manifestations. Some studies on indigenous human populations have indicated variations in seroprevalence from 10.6% to 80.4% in such populations in different regions of Brazil and in other countries like Venezuela and Malaysia. To date, there have been no studies regarding the prevalence of anti-T. gondii antibodies in Haliti-Paresí Indians living in Campo Novo do Parecis, Mato Grosso, Brazil. Our objective here was to determine the frequency of occurrence of antibodies against this protozoon in nine Haliti-Paresí villages by correlating seroprevalence with locations and variables. Serodiagnoses were made using the indirect immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in the Laboratory for Toxoplasmosis and Other Protozoan Diseases of IOC/Fiocruz. It was considered that samples tested positive for T. gondii infection if IgG/IgM antibodies against this protozoon were detected through serodiagnosis using either IFAT or ELISA. Among the 293 samples analyzed, 66.9% presented anti-T. gondii IgG and 3.4% presented anti-T. gondii IgM. It was observed that there were no statistically significant differences in frequency of antibody occurrence among infected individuals, based on sex, schooling or occupation/activities. However, there were statistical differences based on age and villages. The prevalence observed in this study is in agreement with values found in other studies on indigenous populations in Latin America. Like among other such populations, the Haliti-Paresí villages are located close to forests and the individuals have domestic cats as pets, are involved in hunting and farming and consume water directly from water accumulation sources. These factors might cause exposure to T. gondii tissue cysts and oocysts.

Prevalence of enteroparasitosis in the indigenous community of Mato Grosso, Brazil: a look into the sanitation and ethno-development / Prevalência de enteroparasitoses em comunidade indígena de Mato Grosso, Brasil: um olhar sobre o saneamento e etnodesenvolvimento

The intestinal parasitic diseases directly affect the quality of life of indigenous populations, because of vulnerabilities they experience. This study aimed to understand the prevalence of intestinal parasites among the Haliti-Paresí and relate with sanitation and ethno-development. It is a quantitative and cross-sectional study on indigenous Utiaritiland where reside the Haliti-Paresí, in the middle region northern Mato Grosso, Brazil. Data collection occurred in 2015, from interview with application of semi-structured form and collection of feces for coprological survey.Forty-three indigenous people participated in the study, of an average age of 30.9 years old, mostly women, and a predominance of basic education. The prevalence of enteroparasitosis was 46.6%, predominantly among men, reaching all adolescents, followed by children, without the influence of schooling in the rate of infection. Nine species were detected, being six pathogenic, Giardia duodenalis, Entamoebahistolytica, Ancilostomídeo, Blastocystishominis, Hymenolepis nana and Rodentolepis nana, in addition to three non-pathogenic, Iodamoebabutschlii, Entamoeba coli and Endolimax nana.The sanitation conditions, associated with cultural habits, point to the need for improvement in sanitation, since we detected a high prevalence of intestinal parasitoses in this study. The ethno-development may be crucial as strategies for the maintenance of culture in balance with health and sanitary development.

As doenças parasitárias intestinais impactam diretamente na qualidade de vida das populações indígenas, em decorrência das vulnerabilidades que vivenciam. Objetivou-se conhecer a prevalência das parasitoses intestinais entre os Haliti-Paresí e relacionar com o saneamento e etnodesenvolvimento. Trata-se de um estudo quantitativo e transversal na terra indígena Utiariti onde residem os Haliti-Paresí, na região médio Norte de Mato Grosso, Brasil. A coleta de dados ocorreu em 2015, a partir de entrevista com aplicação de formulário semiestruturado e coleta de fezes para inquérito coprológico. Participaram do estudo 43 indígenas, com idade média de 30,9 anos, maioria mulheres e predomínio do ensino fundamental. A prevalência de enteroparasitoses foi de 46,6%, predominando entre os homens, atingindo todos os adolescentes, seguido pelas crianças, sem influência da escolaridade na taxa de infecção. Nove espécies foram detectadas, sendo seis patogênicos, Giardiaduodenalis, Entamoebahistolytica, Ancilostomídeo, Blastocystishominis, Hymenolepis nana e Rodentolepis nana, além de três não patogênicas, Iodamoebabutschlii, Entamoeba coli e Endolimax nana. As condições de saneamento associadas aos hábitos culturais apontam para necessidade de melhoria no saneamento, uma vez que detectamos alta prevalência de parasitoses intestinais neste estudo. O etnodesenvolvimento poderá ser fundamental como estratégias de manutenção da cultura em equilíbrio com a saúde e desenvolvimento sanitário.

Produção de pesquisa clínica em área indígena: relato de experiência com os Haliti-Paresí / Clinical research production in indigenous area: experience report with the Haliti-Paresi / Producción de investigación clínica en zona indígena: informe de experiencia con los Haliti-Paresi

Objetivo: relatar a experiência vivenciada durante a coleta de dados clínicos na comunidade indígena HalitiParesí. Método: estudo descritivo, do tipo relato de experiência, realizado em dezembro de 2014 em nove aldeias indígenas Haliti-Paresí situadas no município de Campo Novo do Parecis, região médio norte de Mato Grosso/MT. Resultados: foram realizadas coleta de dados clínicos que incluíram entrevista, verificação de dados antropométricos, aferição de sinais vitais e coleta de materiais biológicos. Durante as práticas destacaram-se os desafios logísticos, a necessidade constante de criatividade e adaptação, além da marcante receptividade dos Haliti-Paresí. Conclusão: a pesquisa com populações indígenas é um desafio, porém proporciona contribuições que podem direcionar as ações de saúde para a melhoria da qualidade de vida dessas comunidades, respeitando seus valores e crenças.(AU)

Objective: report the experience lived during the data collection in the indigenous zone Haliti-Paresi. Method: descriptive study of the experience report kind, conducted in December 2014 in nine indigenous villages Haliti-Paresi placed in Campo Novo do Parecis, medium region in North Mato Grosso. Results: It was conducted clinical data collection including interview, anthropometric data verification, vital signals admeasurements and biological material collection. During the practices it was highlighted the logistical challenges, the constant need of creativity and adaption, and also the remarkable reception of the HalitiParesi. Conclusion: the research with indigenous people is a challenge, but provides contributions that can guide the health actions to those communities life quality improvement, respecting their values and beliefs.(AU)

Objetivo: to reportar la experiencia vivida durante la recogida de datos clínicos en la comunidad indígena Haliti-Paresi. Método: estudio descriptivo del tipo de informe de la experiencia, que tuvo lugar en diciembre de 2014 en nueve aldeas indias Haliti-Paresi ubicados en Campo Novo do Parecis, en norte de Mato Grosso. Resultados: llevaron a cabo la recopilación de datos clínicos que incluyeron entrevista, verificación de los datos antropométricos, la medición de los signos vitales y la recolección de material biológico. Durante las prácticas se destacaban los retos logísticos, la necesidad constante de creatividad y de adaptación, además de la notable apertura de Haliti-Paresi. Conclusión: la investigación con poblaciones indígenas es un reto, pero ofrece las contribuciones que pueden dirigir las acciones de salud para mejorar la calidad de vida de estas comunidades, respetando sus valores y creencias.(AU)