MicroRNA-524-5p Functions as a Tumor Suppressor in a Human Pituitary Tumor-Derived Cell Line.

Clinical nonfunctional pituitary adenomas (NFAs) account for about 40% of pituitary adenomas with almost no clinically relevant hormonal symptoms. Increasing evidence shows that many microRNAs are involved in the development and progression of pituitary adenomas. MicroRNA-524-5p (miR-524-5p) has been reported to cause characteristic alterations in various tumors. However, the functional importance of miR-524-5p in NFAs remains unknown. The aim of this study was to explore the effects of overexpressing miR-524-5p on the proliferation, migration, invasion, and tumorigenicity of pituitary-derived folliculostellate (PDFS) cells using lentiviral transfection. Interestingly, the results showed that overexpressing miR-524-5p downregulated pituitary tumor-transforming gene 1 (PTTG1) binding factor (PBF) expression at both mRNA and protein levels and significantly attenuated cell proliferation, clonogenicity, migration, and invasion in vitro. Moreover, enhancing miR-524-5p blocked tumor growth in a nude mouse xenograft model in vivo. These findings suggest that miR-524-5p appears to play a critical role in the regulation of biological properties of PDFS cells, and may represent a potential therapeutic target for NFAs.

Deciphering the chemical profile and pharmacological mechanism of Jinlingzi powder against bile reflux gastritis using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with Q exactive focus mass spectrometry, network pharmacology, and molecular docking.

OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the chemical profile and the pharmacological mechanism by which Jinlingzi powder (, JLZP) treats bile reflux gastritis (BRG). METHODS: A BRG model was established in rats by oral administration of the model solution. JLZP was orally administered for 35 d. Residual gastric rate and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, and gastrin levels in the serum were measured, and stomach tissues were collected for histopathological analysis. We used ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with Q Exactive Focus mass spectrometry to identify the chemical ingredients in JLZP. Then, protein-protein interaction and herb-compound-target networks were constructed to screen potential bioactive compounds and targets. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis was then performed to elucidate the pathway involved in the JLZP-mediated treatment of BRG. After constructing the core compound-target-pathway interaction network, molecular docking was performed to study the binding free energy of core bioactive compounds and two candidate targets [RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase (AKT1) and phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha isoform (PIK3CA)]. RESULTS: JLZP extracts significantly promoted gastric emptying, regulating the release of cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) and improving gastrin secretion and mucosal repair. Fifty-six compounds were tentatively characterized in JLZP. Moreover, the network pharmacology and molecular docking results showed that alkaloids and flavonoids might be the bioactive compounds in JLZP that treat BRG. JLZP might improve mucosal repair during BRG progression by modulating the phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase-protein kinase B, hypoxia inducible factor-1, mitogen-activated protein kinase, forkhead box O, TNF, and IL-17 signaling pathways. CONCLUSIONS: We elucidated the chemical constituents and the pharmacological mechanism of JLZP in treating BRG and provided a basis for clinical application.

Efficacy and safety of sofosbuvir/velpatasvir alone or in combination with ribavirin in treatment of patients with genotype 3B HCV/HIV infection / 临床肝胆病杂志

ObjectiveTo investigate the efficacy and safety of sofosbuvir/velpatasvir alone or in combination with ribavirin in Chinese patients with genotype 3B HCV/HIV infection. MethodsA total of 299 patients with genotype 3B HCV/HIV infection who attended The Third People’s Hospital of Kunming from January 2017 to December 2020 were enrolled and treated with sofosbuvir/velpatasvir alone or in combination with ribavirin for 12 weeks， and they were followed up for 12 weeks after drug withdrawal. The patients were evaluated in terms of sustained virologic response at 12 weeks after treatment （SVR12） and adverse reactions. The independent-samples t test or the Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of continuous data between two groups， and the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups； the Agresti-Coull method was used to evaluate the 95% confidence interval （CI） of SVR12； univariate and multivariate non-conditional logistic regression analyses were used to investigate the influencing factors for SVR. ResultsThe 299 patients with genotype 3B HCV/HIV infection had a mean age of 43.92±6.84 years， among whom the male patients accounted for 77.3% （231/299）， the patients with liver cirrhosis accounted for 36.5% （109/299）， the patients with a history of antiviral therapy accounted for 13.4% （40/299）， and the patients receiving sofosbuvir/velpatasvir combined with ribavirin accounted for 27.8% （83/299）. The overall SVR was 87.0% （260/299） for all patients， and there was no significant difference in SVR12 between the patients receiving sofosbuvir/velpatasvir alone and those receiving sofosbuvir/velpatasvir combined with ribavirin （87.5% vs 85.5%， χ2=0.203， P=0.653）. There was a significant difference in SVR12 between the patients without liver cirrhosis and those with liver cirrhosis （90.0% vs 81.7%， χ2=4.256， P=0.039）， and the patients receiving antiviral therapy for the first time had a significantly higher SVR12 than the treatment-experienced patients （93.4% vs 45.0%， χ2=71.670， P<0.001）. The univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that platelet count （odds ratio ［OR］=0.957， 95%CI： 0.931 — 0.984， P=0.002）， liver stiffness measurement （OR=1.446， 95%CI： 1.147 — 1.822， P=0.002）， and experience in treatment （OR=13.807， 95%CI： 2.970 — 64.174， P=0.001） were independent influencing factors for SVR in patients with genotype 3B HCV/HIV infection. There were 41 cases of serious adverse events， all of which occurred within 2 weeks after antiviral therapy， and 28 cases were resolved without drug withdrawal or active treatment， while 13 cases were not resolved after active treatment and were resolved after the antiviral drugs were stopped for 2‍ ‍—‍ ‍5 days， with no similar reactions observed when the drugs were used again after remission. ConclusionSofosbuvir/velpatasvir alone or in combination with ribavirin has relatively good efficacy and safety in patients with genotype 3B HCV/HIV infection.

Visualization analysis on research progress and trends of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen from 2000 to 2022 / 中国药师

Objective To explore the research hotspots and development trends of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen in the past 20 years,and to provide reference for related research.Methods Literatures on Ziziphi Spinosae Semen were searched from January 1,2000 to December 31,2022 in CNKI,Web of Science Core Collection Database.VOS viewer software was used to visually analyze the citation frequency,research institutions and keyword hotspots of English literatures.CiteSpace software was used to visually analyze research institutions,authors,emergence keywords and keyword overlap time of Chinese literatures,and Microsoft Excel 2021 software was used to analyze of annual publication trends and publication volume of Chinese and English literatures,and download frequency of Chinese literatures.Results A total of 4 872 Chinese and 128 English literatures were included,with an overall upward trend in the number of annual publications.The research institutions with the highest number of publications in Chinese and English were Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Tianjin University of Commerce,and the authors with the highest number of publications were DU Chenhui and XIE Junbo,respectively.The most frequent keywords in Chinese literatures were"Ziziphi Spinosae Semen","composed"and"application of compound therapy",and in English literatures were"performance","oxidative stress".Conclusion From 2000 to 2022,the research hotspots of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen mainly focused on the chemical composition,pharmacological effects and clinical application analysis,compatibility research,formulation and preparation.Quality control and evaluation of Ziziphi Spinosae Semen,and the research on the mechanism of preventing and treating insomnia with Ziziphi Spinosae Semen may become future research directions.

Initial experience with endoscopic urethral caruncle electrosurgery using a modified homemade urethral extender / 中国内镜杂志

Objective To investigate the clinical results of plasma electrosurgery in elderly female patients with urethral caruncle using a modified homemade urethral extender.Methods 28 patients with urethral caruncle were admitted from January 2019 to December 2022,all with modified homemade urethral extender-assisted plasma electrosurgery,and the patients'operative time,length of hospital stay,catheter retention time and occurrence of postoperative complications were analyzed.Results All the 28 patients in this group completed the operation successfully with the assistance of homemade urethral extender,no conversion to open surgery.The operation time was 15～40 min,with an average of(24.4±6.4)min.The catheter retention time was 3～7 d,with an average of(5.1±1.1)d.The hospitalization time was 4～8 d,with an average of(6.5±1.0)d.After removal of catheter,all urination was clear,no recent complications such as urinary incontinence and urination difficulty,and all had pathology suggestive of urethral caruncle.Follow up time was 2～22 months,with an average of(11.8±6.5)months,no long-term complications such as urethral stricture and recurrence of urethral caruncle occurred.Conclusion Endoscopic treatment of urethral caruncle with a modified homemade urethral extender is one of the safe and effective treatments that deserves clinical promotion.

Endovascular treatment of ruptured lobulated anterior communicating artery aneurysms: A retrospective case series study of 24 patients / 国际脑血管病杂志

Objective:To investigate the efficacy and safety of endovascular treatment for ruptured lobulated anterior communicating artery aneurysm (ACoAA).Methods:Patients with ruptured lobulated ACoAA received endovascular treatment in Sanming First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University from June 2020 to June 2022 were retrospectively included. Their demographic, clinical and imaging characteristics, endovascular treatment methods and follow-up results were collected.Results:A total of 24 patients with ruptured lobulated ACoAA were included, including 9 males (37.5%) and 15 females (62.5%). Their age was 56.2±8.9 years old (range 39-74). The time from rupture to endovascular treatment was 10.9±12.5 h. The maximum diameter of the aneurysms was 5.1±1.0 mm and neck width was 3.0±0.7 mm. Nineteen patients (79.2%) were double-lobed and 5 (20.8%) were multilobed. Fisher's grade: grade 2 in 16 cases (66.7%), grade 3 in 6 cases (25%), and grade 4 in 2 cases (8.3%). Hunt-Hess grade: grade 0-2 in 5 cases (20.8%), grade 3-5 in 19 cases (79.2%). Glasgow Coma Scale score: 9-12 in 14 cases (58.3%), 13-15 in 10 cases (41.7%). Immediately postprocedural Raymond-Roy grade: grade 1 in 23 cases (95.8%), grade 2 in 1 case (4.2%). Raymond-Roy grade in imaging follow-up for 2 weeks to 3 months: grade 1 in 23 cases (95.8%), grade 2 in 1 case (4.2%). Follow-up for 2 to 12 months showed that 21 patients (87.5%) had good functional outcomes (modified Rankin Scale score ≤2), and there were no deaths.Conclusion:Endovascular treatment is a safe and effective treatment for ruptured lobulated AcoAA.

CT-guided diagnosis of banded vs membranaceous adhesive small bowel obstruction / 中华普通外科杂志

Objectives:To study the computed tomography features of banded adhesions(BA) and matted adhesions(MA) of adhesive small bowel obstruction(ASBO).Methods:We enrolled 150 patients operated on for ASBO. According to intraoperated findings, ASBO were classified into those caused by BA or MA. A multivariable logistic regression was established to analyze independent risk factors on Computed Tomography features.Results:There were significant differences in closed-loop sign (36.8% vs. 14.3%, P=0.002) mesenteric haziness (43.7% vs. 17.5%, P=0.001), beak sign (48.3% vs. 17.5%, P<0.001), fat notch sign (39.1% vs. 9.5%, P<0.001) and peritoneal fluid (54.0% vs. 34.9%, P=0.015) between the two groups. The presence of beak sign [ OR=6.15, 95% CI (2.55-14.84), P<0.001], fat notch sign [ OR=6.19, 95% CI (2.16-17.82), P=0.001] and mesenteric haziness [ OR=3.34, 95% CI (1.34-8.32), P=0.009] were independent risk factors with BA. Conclusion:Beak sign, fat notch sign and mesenteric haziness were independent risk factors for diagnosing BA.

The clinical outcomes of endovenous microwave ablation and radiofrequency ablation for great saphenous varicose veins / 中华普通外科杂志

Objective:To compare the efficacy of intraluminal microwave ablation with radiofrequency ablation in the treatment of varicose veins of the lower extremities.Methods:The clinical data of 520 patients (522 affected limbs) who underwent lower extremity varicose vein surgery at the Department of Vascular Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from Jun 2021 to Sep 2022 were collected. Patients were divided into endovenous microwave ablation group (EMWA group, n = 201) and radiofrequency ablation group (RFA group, n = 321). Follow-up was performed at 1 week, 1 , 6 and 12 months after surgery. The primary efficacy endpoint was the occlusion rate of the treated segment vein, the primary safety endpoint was the incidence of surgery-related and/or device-related complications, and the secondary endpoints were the venous clinical severity score (VCSS) and chronic venous insufficiency quality of life questionnaire (CIVIQ) scores at follow-up. Results:The technique success rate and the occlusion rate of the affected segment vein was 100% in both groups evaluated one week after surgery; Six and 12 months after surgery, the occlusion rate in the RFA group was 98.9%, and that in the EMWA group was 99.3% and respectively 97.8%, 97.2% ,without statically significant difference.During the follow-up period, there were no cases of reoperation due to vein recanalization. no serious events such as deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism or death occurred in either group. The incidence of adverse events (induration, ecchymosis, skin burn, incision infection, limb numbness, hematoma, thrombotic superficial phlebitis, endovenous heat induced thrombosis, etc.) in both groups was compared, and the difference was not statistically significant. VCSS and CIVIQ scores improved significantly in both groups at 1 ,6 and 12 months after treatment, and the difference was statistically significant(all P < 0.01). Conclusion:EMWA and RFA have the advantages of simple operation, good clinical efficacy and high degree of improvement in quality of life.

Research progress on effective components，pharmacological mechanisms and clinical use of Polyporus umbellatus in diuresis-promotion and dampness-clearance / 中国药房

Polyporus umbellatus， as a traditional Chinese medicine for promoting diuresis and clearing dampness， mainly contains steroids and polysaccharides. It is usually used to treat diseases of urinary system. In this paper， the research progress of the effective components， pharmacological mechanisms and clinical use of P. umbellatus in diuresis-promotion and dampness- clearance is reviewed. Steroids such as ergosterone， peroxyergosterone， ergosta-7，22-dien-3-one and P. umbellatus polysaccharide PPS1， PPS2， PPS3， GUMP-1-1 and GUMP-1-2 promote diuresis and eliminate dampness through diuresis， renal protection， anti- inflammatory， bacteriostatic and immunomodulatory effects. Traditional Chinese medicine compound preparations such as P. umbellatus powder， P. umbellatus decoction， and Wuling powder have significant effects in treating urinary tract infections， lithiasis， renal edema and lesions， which providing reference for the further development and application of P. umbellatus.

A Minimal Control Multiagent for Collision Avoidance and Velocity Alignment.

This paper investigates a group of multiagents moving on a 2-D plane with a constant speed but maneuverable headings. It is called a minimal control multiagent model (MCMA) when each agent employs a static decentralized control law that relies on its neighbors' relative positions with respect to its local reference frame. In other words, the control law does not involve any complicated velocity measurement or estimation mechanism. Various minimal multiagent models have been investigated and extensively simulated in terms of their collaborative behaviors. This paper, for the first time, gives rigorous theoretical proofs for the functionalities of an MCMA model in both collision avoidance and velocity alignment.

Application value evaluation of bedside non-invasive hemodynamic monitoring in the perioperative management of neonatal gastrointestinal surgery / 中国小儿急救医学

Objective:To explore the value of ultrasonic cardiac output monitor(USCOM) in guiding perioperative hemodynamic management of neonatal gastrointestinal surgery.Methods:Seventy-five neonates with hemodynamic changes after gastrointestinal surgery admitted to the Department of Neonatology, Xiamen Children′s Hospital from January 2017 to December 2020 were enrolled, of which the non-USCOM group had 34 cases from January 2017 to December 2018, mainly based on clinical indicators such as heart rate, blood pressure, blood lactate acid to evaluate the hemodynamic status of children after surgery.The USCOM group had 41 cases from January 2019 to December 2020, used USCOM to assist in the evaluation of hemodynamics of children after surgery dynamic state.Another 40 cases were set up as the control group, included neonates with hyperbilirubinemia.The USCOM group and the control group were examined by USCOM to record cardiac output(CO), cardiac index(CI), and systemic vascular resistance(SVR). The changes in CO, CI, SVR between the USCOM group and the control group, the changes in USCOM group before and after the operation were compared, respectively.Changes in heart rate, blood pressure, and lactic acid in the USCOM group before and after the operation were compared.And the differences of vasoactive drug dosage and time of first use after operation, postoperative first expansion time, volume expansion, incidence of anuria or oliguria within 24 hours after operation, and length of hospital stay between USCOM group and non-USCOM group were analyzed.Results:The CO, CI, SVR, heart rate, blood pressure before operation in USCOM group were not significantly different compared with those in the control group and 12 h after the operation.The CO and CI in USCOM group at 1 h after operation were lower than those before operation, and the lactic acid increased, the differences were statistically significant( P<0.05). The SVR of USCOM group at 1 h after operation was higher than that before operation, but there was no significant difference ( P>0.05). The CO and CI at 12 h after operation in USCOM group were higher than those at 1 h after operation, and the SVR at 12 h was lower than that at 1 h after operation , the differences were all statistically significant( P<0.05). There were no significant differences in heart rate and blood pressure in USCOM group before and 1 h after operation ( P>0.05). The blood pressure at 12 h after operation was significantly higher than that at 1 h after operation( P<0.05). The time of first volume expansion and use of vasoactive drugs in USCOM group were significantly earlier than those in non-USCOM group[0.75(0.50, 1.37)h vs.7.00(5.00, 13.25)h, Z=-7.041, P<0.001; (1.39±1.33)h vs.(8.61±5.15)h, t=-7.917, P<0.001], the total volume of expansion was significantly reduced[17.50(10.00, 30.00)mL vs.30.00(20.00, 30.00)mL, t=-3.045, P=0.002], the dosage of dopamine was significantly reduced[8.40(6.20, 10.40)mg/kg vs.8.90(7.20, 14.40)mg/kg, Z=-2.475, P=0.013], the incidence of oliguria or anuria within 24 hours after operation was significantly reduced(12.2% vs.32.3%, t=4.500, P=0.034), the length of hospital stay was significantly shortened[25.00(15.50, 31.00)d vs.28.00(21.75, 34.00)d, Z=-1.985, P=0.047], and the dosage of dobutamine and epinephrine was not significantly changed( P>0.05). Conclusion:Non-invasive hemodynamic monitoring can monitor the hemodynamic changes of the neonatal gastrointestinal tract in real time during the perioperative period, which is helpful to guide the management of vasoactive drugs and fluids after surgery.

Content determination of ephedrine hydrochloride and pseudoephedrine hydrochloride in Shexiang zhuanggu plaster and its quality evaluation / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To establish the method for the content determination of ephedrine hydrochloride and pseudoephedrine hydrochloride in Shexiang zhuanggu plaster ，and to evaluate the quality of 222 batches of Shexiang zhuanggu plaster from 41 manufacturers. METHODS HPLC method was established. The determination was performed on Shimadzu Shim-pack GIS-C 18 column with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile- 0.1％ phosphoric acid （3∶97，V/V）at the flow rate of 0.9 mL/min. The column temperature was set at 30 ℃，the detection wavelength was 210 nm，the sample size was 10 μL. Taking the content data of 222 batches of samples as index ，the cluster heatmap was drawn by Hiplot biomedical data visualization and analysis platform. RESULTS The results of the methodological investigation were in line with the requirements of the general principles stated in 2020 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia （part Ⅳ ）. The total contents of ephedrine hydrochloride and pseudoephedrine hydrochloride in 222 batches of samples from 41 manufacturers were 0.646-6.325 μg/cm2. Results of cluster heatmap analysis showed that these samples of 41 manufacturers could be divided into 3 categories. The contents of components in samples from different manufacturers varied greatly ，and the contents of components in different batches of samples from the same manufacturers also varied greatly. If the proposed limit of this product was that the total amount of ephedrine hydrochloride and pseudoephedrine hydrochloride per 1 cm2 would not be less than 1.00 μg，23 of the 222 batches of samples were unqualified. CONCLUSIONS The established method for the content determination of ephedrine hydrochloride and pseudoephedrine hydrochloride in Shexiang zhuanggu plaster is accurate and precise ，and can be used for the quality control. Some manufacturers should pay attention to optimizing production process and strengthening quality control.

Content determination of five constituents in Shenfukang Ⅱ capsule by HPLC / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To develop an HPLC method for the simultaneous dete rmination of morroniside ，loganin，paeoniflorin， salvianolic acid B and icariin in Shenfukang Ⅱ capsule. METHODS The determination was performed on Agilent 5 TC-C18 column with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile- 0.1％ phosphate acid （gradient elution ）at the flow rate of 1 mL/min. The column temperature was 30 ℃，and detection wavelength was set at 240 nm. The sample size was 10 μL. RESULTS The linear range of morroniside，loganin，paeoniflorin，salvianolic acid B and icariin were 4.80-240.00，4.84-242.00，7.00-350.00，4.72-236.00 and 5.18-259.00 μg/mL（r≥0.999 8），respectively. RSDs of precision ，stability and reproducibility tests were all lower than 3％（n＝6）. Average recoveries were 97.22％-101.36％ with the RSDs of 1.19％-2.43％（n＝6）. The contents of above 5 components in 5 batches of samples were 2.019 3-2.360 0，1.624 2-1.847 1，5.637 7-6.828 0，5.015 9-5.717 0 and 1.208 8-1.754 6 mg/g，respectively. CONCLUSIONS The method is simple ，accurate and reproducible. It can improve the quality control level of Shenfukang Ⅱ capsule.

Clinical characteristics and risk factors of elderly male patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus complicated with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease / 中国综合临床

Objective:To explore the clinical characteristics of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) complicated with coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (CHD) and analyze the risk factors of CHD in patients with T2DM.Methods:Using the method of retrospective cohort study, 406 elderly male patients with T2DM (≥75 years old) admitted to Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University from January 2017 to January 2020 were selected and divided into T2DM without CHD group (165 cases) and T2DM with CHD group (241 cases). The clinical characteristics in elderly patients with T2DM complicated with CHD and risk factors for CHD were analyzed.Results:The age ((86.78±5.35 )years old), course of T2DM((12.32±0.46) years), fasting blood glucose(FPG)((7.64±2.81) mmol/L), hemoglobin a1c (HbA1c)((7.59±1.21)%), the proportion of hypertension(84.65%(204/241)), D-dimer((0.50±0.13) mg/L), the incidence of thromboembolic events(46.06%(111/241)), blood serum creatinine ((94.81±12.70) μmol/L), urea nitrogen((8.31±4.46) mmol/L), uric acid((376.44±116.01) μmol/L) in T2DM with CHD group were higher than those in T2DM without CHD((78.51±4.81)years old, (10.66±0.67)years, (6.84±2.19) mmol/L, (7.02±2.15)%, 63.03%(104/165), (0.21±0.04 ) mg/L, 13.33%(22/165), (83.01±14.40) μmol/L, (6.79±2.89) mmol/L, (333.56±95.15) μmol/L ), and the differences were statistically significant( t=15.908, t=2.042, t=3.055, t=3.088, χ 2=23.828, t=5.059, χ 2=42.098, t=2.401, t=4.188, t=4.075; all P<0.05). The total bilirubin(TBil)(8.80(6.60, 11.60) μmol/L), glomerular filtration rate(GFR)((76.49±29.80) mL/(min·1.75 m 2)) in T2DM with CHD group were lower than those in T2DM without CHD group (11.25(8.23, 15.28) μmol/L, (91.81±28.31) mL/(min·1.75 m 2)), the differences were statistically significant( Z=2.304, t=5.126; all P<0.001). The total cholesterol((3.84±0.85) mmol/L), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)((2.12±0.68 ) mmol/L) in T2DM with CHD group were lower than those in T2DM without CHD group((4.10±1.00) mmol/L, (2.45±0.85) mmol/L), the differences were statistically significant( t=2.828, 4.156; all P<0.05). The rate of starting lipid-lowering and stable plaque treatment in T2DM with CHD group (82.57%(199/261))was higher than that in T2DM without CHD group(42.42%(70/165)), and the difference was statistically significant (χ 2=70.614, P<0.001). Influenced by lipid-lowering therapy, the total cholesterol and LDL-C in T2DM patients with CHD were significantly decreased.Logistic regression analysis showed that age elevated( OR 1.346, 95% CI 1.263-1.434, P<0.001), elevated hemoglobin a1c concentration( OR 1.427, 95% CI 1.140-1.785, P=0.002), complicated with hypertension( OR 3.534, 95% CI 1.684-7.418, P=0.001), elevated D-dimer concentration( OR 3.969, 95% CI 1.227-12.841, P=0.021)and elevated uric acid concentration( OR 1.005, 95% CI 1.001-1.008, P=0.006)were independent risk factors for CHD in elderly male patients with T2DM. Conclusion:Elderly patients with T2DM complicated with CHD are more likely to be in hypercoagulable state, more likely to have thromboembolic events, and more obvious renal function damage.Poor fasting blood glucose control and decreased total bilirubin concentration are the influencing factors of CHD in elderly male patients with T2DM.Age elevated, elevated hemoglobin a1c concentration, complicated with hypertension, elevated D-dimer concentration and elevated uric acid concentration are independent risk factors for CHD in elderly male patients with T2DM.

Comparison of the Contents of Multiple Constituents in Different Medicinal Parts of Porana racemosa / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To establish a method for the simultaneous determination of eight constituents ，such as scopolin ， scopoletin，chlorogenic acid ，cryptochlorogenic acid ，neochlorogenic acid ，isochlorogenic acid A ，isochlorogenic acid B ，and isochlorogenic acid C ，in different medicinal parts （stems，twigs and leaves ）of Porana racemosa ，and to compare the contents of eight constituents . METHODS ：HPLC method was adopted. The determination was performed on Agilent TC-C 18 column with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile- 0.1％ phosphate acid （gradient elution ） at the flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The column temperature was 30 ℃，and the detection wavelength was set at 345 nm. The sample size was 10 μL. The contents of above constituents in stems ，twigs and leaves of P. racemosa were compared ，and the principal component analysis was carried out by Markerlynx XS software. RESULTS ：The linear range of scopolin ，scopoletin，chlorogenic acid ，cryptochlorogenic acid ， neochlorogenic acid ，isochlorogenic acid A ，isochlorogenic acid B ，and isochlorogenic acid C were 0.076 4- 7.64，0.062 8-6.28， 0.090 8-9.08，0.080 0-8.00，0.057 6-5.76，0.094 4-9.44，0.086 0-8.60，0.078 8-7.88 mg/L，respectively（all r＞0.999）. RSDs of precision，stability（24 h）and reproducibility tests were all lower than 2.0％. The average recoveries were 99.71％（RSD＝1.36％， n＝6），100.39％（RSD＝1.76％，n＝6），99.20％（RSD＝1.75％，n＝6），100.04％（RSD＝2.63％，n＝6），98.57％（RSD＝1.99％， n＝6），99.68％（RSD＝1.84％，n＝6），99.90％（RSD＝1.88％，n＝6），99.76％（RSD＝1.47％，n＝6），respectively. The average contents of above eight constituents were 9.725 3，1.286 5，7.271 3，1.347 6，0.997 7，0.710 9，0.656 3，0.364 7 mg/g in stems ； those were 0.690 3，0.411 7，4.394 3，0.639 6，0.531 3，1.392 7，0.989 1，1.129 2 mg/g in twigs ；those were 1.195 1，0.691 1， 27.952 9，6.173 4，1.405 1，0.549 7，0.288 8，0.794 2 mg/g in leaves ，respectively. The results of principal component analysis showed that different parts of P. racemosa could be divided into 3 categories. Among them ，most of the stems ofP. racemosa gathered in the first quadrant of score plot ，all the twigs gathered in the third quadrant ， and all the leaves 分m gathered in the fourth quadrant. CONCLUSIONS ：Established method is simple and reproducible ，and can be used for the determination of 8 constituents in different medicinal parts of P. racemosa. The average contents of neochlorogenic acid ，chlorogenic acid and cryptochlorogenic acid in the leaves of P. racemosa are relatively high ；the contents of isochlorogenic acid B ，isochlorogenic acid A and isochlorogenic acid C in the twigs are relatively high；the average contents of scopolin and scopoletin in the stems are also relatively high.

Content Determination of Multiple Indexes in Zhengxin Jiangzhi Tablets and Cluster Heatmap Analysis / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To establish the method for the content determination of 7 components，such as puerarin ， 3′-methoxypuerarin，daidzein，rutin，hesperidin，salvianolic acid A and quercetin ，in Zhengxin jiangzhi tablets ，and conduct cluster heatmap analysis. METHODS ：HPLC method was adopted. The separation was performed on Kromasil C 18 column with mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile- 0.1％ formic acid solution （gradient elution ）at the flow rate of 0.8 mL/min. The detection wavelength was set at 280 nm，and the column temperature was 25 ℃. The sample size was 10 μL. Taking the content data as the object，the cluster heatmap was drawn by Hiplot scientific research mapping platform. RESULTS ：The linear range of puerarin ， 3′-methoxypuerarin，daidzein，rutin，hesperidin，salvianolic acid A and quercetin were 17.00-170.00（r＝0.999 9），5.14-51.40（r＝ 0.999 8），3.00-30.00（r＝0.999 8），153.00-1 530.00（r＝0.999 9），7.88-78.75（r＝0.999 8），2.85-28.50（r＝0.999 9）and 11.34-113.40 μg/mL（r＝0.999 8），respectively. RSDs of precision ，stability（24 h）and repeatability tests were all less than 2％； the average recoveries were 99.58％（RSD＝0.83％，n＝6），100.31％（RSD＝1.17％，n＝6），100.61％（RSD＝1.08％，n＝6）， 100.05％（RSD＝0.82％，n＝6），100.31％（RSD＝1.38％，n＝6），100.31％（RSD＝0.85％，n＝6），99.85％（RSD＝1.01％， n＝6），respectively. The contents of above components in 10 batches of samples were 7.262 5-8.941 5，2.464 9-3.068 9，1.478 9- 1.883 4，58.632 8-79.408 3，3.569 4-4.500 6，1.077 6-1.341 5，1.139 7-5.957 0 mg/g，respectively. Results of cluster heatmap analysis showed that 10 batches of samples could be divided into 4 categories，including S 1-S3 as one category ，S4 as one category，S5-S6 as one category and S 7-S10 as one category. CONCLUSIONS ：The established method is simple ，accurate and specific，which can be used for the quality control of Zhengxin jiangzhi tablets ，combined with cluster heatmap analysis. There are some differences in the quality of different batches of samples.

Clinical features of patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathy and interstitial lung disease when complicated with pulmonary infection / 中华风湿病学杂志

Objective:Toanalyze the clinical features of patients with idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM) and interstitial lung disease (ILD) when complicated with pulmonary infection.Methods:Clinical data ofconsecutive IIM patients admitted to our hospital from January 2014 to December 2017 were collected. Patients were divided into two groups: pure IIM-ILD and IIM-ILD with pulmonary infection, and the difference in clinical manifestations and lab test results was compared. The ROC curve was used to evaluate the predictive diagnostic value of T lymphocytes. The data was analyzed by the Chi-square test, Mann-Whitney U test and multiple logistic regression analysis. Results:Totally 153 patients were included, in which 51 cases were complicated with pulmonary infection. The incidence of myalgia, rash, cough/expectoration and fever and the levels of aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were increased in the infection group, while the number of lymphocytes was significantly decreased ( P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that myalgia, cough/expectoration, serum LDH level >350 U/L and peripheral blood lymphocyte count <0.9×10 9/L were independent risk factors for pulmonary infection in IIM-ILD patients (ORvalues 4.31, 3.81, 2.70 and 2.44, respectively, P<0.05) . Meanwhile, the number of natural killer cells as well as CD3 +, CD3 +CD4 +, CD3 +CD8 + T cells in the infection group was significantly lower than that in the pure IIM-ILD group ( Z values -2.28, -3.094, -2.918, and -2.308, respectively, P<0.05). ROC curve showed that CD3 + T cells combined with CRP improved the diagnostic sensitivity of pulmonary infection in IIM-ILD. Conclusion:IIM-ILD patients are more likely to have myalgia,cough/expectoration as well as increased LDH level when complicated with infection. The decrease in peripheral T lymphocyte numbers may indicate an increased risk of pulmonary infection in these patients.

Causes and precaution procedures for olfactory dysfunction after transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary lesions / 中华神经医学杂志

Objective:To explore the causes and precaution procedures of olfactory dysfunction after transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary lesions.Methods:The clinical data of 72 patients underwent transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary lesions in our hospital from November 2016 to May 2018 were summarized. Resection under microscope was performed in 27 patients and resection under endoscope in 45 patients. The olfactory function of patients with postoperative olfactory disorders was evaluated one and 6 months after surgery. Bilateral nasal passages were examined by nasal endoscopy 3-6 months after surgery. Whether intraoperative operations were related to olfactory impairment was analyzed.Results:There were seven hyposmic/anosmic patients; three patients (6.7%) were operated via endoscopic approach and four patients (14.8%) were operated via microscopic transsphenoidal approach; incidence of olfactory dysfunction between the two groups showed no statistical difference ( P>0.05). One month after operation, two patients had a slight decrease in olfactory function, 4 had a severe decrease in olfactory function and one had anosmia. Six months after the operation, two patients with severe hypoxia got improvment, but failed to return to normal level; and the rest of the patients showed no significant improvement. Three-6 months after operation, nasal endoscopic examination found that all patients had healed nasal wound, two patients had large volume of nasal mucus secretion, and 3 patients had postoperative nasal mucosa adhesion. In these 72 patients,cauterization of the mucosa around the sphenoid ostium was performed in 6 patients, placement of the speculum above the sphenoid ostium was performed in 2 patients, and olfactory damage was noted in all the 8 patients. Conclusions:Olfactory dysfunction after transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary lesions is common, and attention should be paid.Placement of the speculum above the sphenoid ostium and cauterization of the mucosa around the sphenoid ostium might be the main reasons for olfactory damage.

Feasibility of single breath holding 3D-SPACE MR cholangiopancreatography: a preliminary study / 中华放射学杂志

Objective:To explore the technical advantages of MR cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) with single breath holding high parallel acquisition factor 3-D variable flip angle fast spin echo (3D-SPACE) sequence.Methods:From November 2018 to March 2019, 75 patients who underwent MRCP examination in our hospital were prospectively enrolled, with single breath holding high parallel acquisition factor 3D-SPACE sequence and free breathing navigation gated 3D-SPACE sequence. Three experienced radiologists scored the overall image quality, artifacts, CBD visibility, left and right hepatic ducts, right anterior and posterior branches, second and third branches, main pancreatic duct and gallbladder duct with four scales. Paired t test was used for statistical analysis. Results:The scanning time of single breath holding method (18 s) was significantly shorter than that of free breathing diaphragm navigation method［264（226，313）s］, and the difference between the two methods was statistically significant ( Z=-7.520， P<0.001). The SNR, CR and CNR (8.31±4.23, 0.92±0.30, 11.46±5.77) of single breath holding method were lower than those of free breathing diaphragm navigation method (11.23±5.70, 0.93±0.38, 15.06±7.37), and the differences between the two methods were also statistically significant ( t=4.378, 3.429, 4.063, P<0.05). The overall image quality, artifact, the CBD, left and right hepatic duct, right anterior and posterior branchs, the second and third branches, main pancreatic duct and cystic duct of single breath holding method were higher than those of free breathing diaphragm navigation method, and the differences between the two methods were statistically significant ( P<0.001). Conclusions:Compared with the free breathing diaphragm navigation gated 3D-SPACE MRCP imaging method, the single breath holding high parallel acquisition factor 3D-SPACE MRCP imaging method has less artifacts and examination time, but higher visibility to pancreaticobiliary tree and work efficiency, which is worthy of further promotion.

Identification of Chemical Constituents in Fengliaoxing Fengshi Dieda Wine / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE：To identify t he chemical constituents of Fengliaoxing fengshi dieda wine. METHODS ：An ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-electrostatic field orbital trap high-resolution mass spectrometry （UPLC-Q-Exactive- MS）technique was used for identifying chemical constituents of Fengliaoxing fengshi dieda wine. The determination was performed on Thermo Accucore aQ RP 18 column with mobile phase consisted of 0.1％ formic acid-methanol （gradient elution ）at the flow rate of 0.3 mL/min. The column temperature was 30 ℃，and the sample size was 2 μL. HESI source was adopted，ion mode was positive and negative ion mode ，nitrogen as sheath gas and auxiliary gas. The positive ion mode had spray voltage of 3.5 kV， capillary heating temperature of 350 ℃，sheath gas pressure of 35 psi，auxiliary gas pressure of 15 arb，and ion source heating temperature of 320 ℃. The negative ion mode had spray voltage of 3.2 kV，capillary heating temperature of 350 ℃， sheath gas pressure of 35 psi，auxiliary gas pressure of 15 arb，and ion source heating temperature of 300 ℃. The mass axis was calibrated by external standard method （mass error less than 5 ppm）. The scanning range of the first mass spectrometry was m/z 80.0-1 200.0 （the resolution was 70 000），the scanning range of secondary mass spectrometry was m/z 80.0-1 200.0（the resolution was 17 500），and the collision voltage was 20，40，60 eV. Retrieved from CNKI ，VIP，PubMed and other database ，the chemical constituents information of each Chinese traditional medicine in Fengliaoxing fengshi dieda wine were collected to establish chemical constituents database. The structure of the compounds was identified on the basis of above constituents database ，the relevant literature ，retention time of reference substance and MS fragmentation regularity. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS ： Fifty-nine compounds were identified in Fengliaoxing fengshi dieda wine ，including 12 flavones（e.g. neoeriocitrin ，hesperidin.），8 alkaloids （e.g. baogongteng C or erycibellin ， ephedrine，pseudoephedrine）， 9 organic acids （e.g. chlorogenic acid ， cryptochlorogenic acid ，neochlorogenic acid ），7 coumarins（e.g. xanthotoxol）， 4 esters， 4 amino acids ， and 15 other categories（including volatile oils ，terpenes，amides）. UPLC- 5103YX11SF37（17）] Q-Exactive-MS technology can quickly and accurately identify the chemical constituents in Fengliaoxing fengshi dieda wine.