[HIV infection in children of seropositive mothers]. / HIV-Infektion bei Kindern seropositiver Mütter.

Both resolved and still open questions are discussed. The natural course of HIV infection from the time at which a child becomes symptomatic is known. The incidence rate of HI-virus transmission to the child remains uncertain. Likewise the time of transmission and its cofactors as well as data about the incubation and latency periods remain open questions. The greatest problem thus, is the early and reliable definition of HIV infection. Initial results from prospective HIV-perinatal studies are presented, showing that a transmission rate between 20% and 40% is to be reckoned with.

[Pulmonary complications in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Results of a prospective study]. / Pulmonale Komplikationen beim erworbenen Immundefektsyndrom. Ergebnisse einer prospektiven Untersuchung.

Between 1983 and 1987, a stepwise diagnostic programme was undertaken prospectively in 37 of 100 HIV-positive patients with 40 bronchopulmonary infections. It consisted chiefly of flexible bronchoscopy combined with lavage, transbronchial biopsy and/or removal of bronchial brush cells. Taking into account all examinations performed in life and at autopsy, 25 of the 37 patients had Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (67.5%), 13 had bacterial pneumonia, six of these were mycobacterial infections (atypical mycobacteria in four), eight had neoplasms (pulmonary Kaposi's sarcoma in five, squamous-cell carcinoma in two, and Hodgkin's disease in one), and four patients had cytomegalovirus infection. Total diagnostic success of bronchoscopy was 78%; related to Pneumocystis pneumonia it was 91%.