Association of leptin and adiponectin levels with endometriosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: We aimed to summarize the available data regarding the levels of leptin and adiponectin and the key modulators of endometriosis compared to the controls. METHODS: The electronic databases such as MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched up to October 2020. The circulating and peritoneal levels of leptin and circulating levels of adiponectin were included. We used the Cochrane's Q test and the I2 statistic in this study. These tests' weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% CIs were considered as the summary effect size. They were then pooled using a random-effects model with the DerSimonian-Laird method. RESULTS: Twenty eligible articles (or 25 studies) with 2645 participants (1362 women with endometriosis and 1283 controls) were included. Pooled results showed that women with endometriosis had significantly higher leptin levels (WMD = 4.45 mg/ml, 95%CI = 2.42-6.49, p < .01) and leptin/BMI ratio (WMD = 0.32 mg/ml, 95%CI = 0.23-0.42, p < .001) than the controls, whereas adiponectin levels (WMD = -0.24 mg/ml, 95%CI = -4.27 to -0.01, p = .038) were significantly lower. The pooled results also indicated significantly lower leptin levels in women with advanced-stage endometriosis (WMD = -8.07 mg/ml, 95%CI = -14.22 to -1.92, p = .01) than in the early stage. It was found, however, that there were no significant differences in adiponectin levels of women with advanced-stage endometriosis (WMD = -0.16 mg/ml, 95%CI = -0.64 to 0.32, p = .512) and the early-stage ones. CONCLUSION: We showed that leptin levels and leptin/BMI ratio were significantly higher in women with endometriosis than the controls. Nonetheless, patients with endometriosis had significantly lower levels of adiponectin than the controls.

[Studies on preparation of sinomenine hydrochloride-loaded bovine serum albumin microspheres].

OBJECTIVE: To prepare Sinomenine hydrochloride-loaded bovine serum albumin microspheres (SM-BSA-MS). METHOD: SM-BSA-MS was prepared by spray drying technique. The morphology, drug-loading and release in vitro of SM-BSA-MS was studied. RESULT: The diameters of SM-BSA-MS were in the range of 1-3 m. The drug loading of microspheres, formulated with different drug/albumin ratios as 1, 2, 1:1, 2:1, were 31.6%, 47.7% and 67.9% , respectively. And the drug entrapment efficiencies of different drug/albumin ratios were higher than 94%. The results of in vitro release experiments showed that the drug loaded microspheres have the properties of sustained-release compared with the Sinomenine hydrochloride injection. Different release characteristics could be obtained by adjusting the prescription composition and the thermal denaturation condition. CONCLUSION: Spray drying technique is a simple and feasible method for preparing SM-BSA-MS. The drug loaded microspheres had high drug-loading and sustained-release effect.