P-Band Induced Self-Organization and Dynamics with Repulsively Driven Ultracold Atoms in an Optical Cavity.

We investigate a Bose-Einstein condensate strongly coupled to an optical cavity via a repulsive optical lattice. We detect a stable self-ordered phase in this regime, and show that the atoms order through an antisymmetric coupling to the P band of the lattice, limiting the extent of the phase and changing the geometry of the emergent density modulation. Furthermore, we find a nonequilibrium phase with repeated intense bursts of the intracavity photon number, indicating nontrivial driven-dissipative dynamics.

A new endemic cyprinid species from the Danube drainage.

Populations of endemic Croatian dace were found to belong to two different species, one of which is first described in this study. Telestes karsticus sp. nov. differed morphologically from Telestes polylepis in the total count of lateral line scales, number of gill rakers and the shape of the posterior margin of the anal fin. Morphological differences were corroborated with mtDNA analyses (with p-distance between T. polylepis and T. karsticus sp. nov. ranging between 3·2 and 4·1%; and the number of substitutions between 37 and 47). The newly described species is geographically very localized. It has been recorded from only four localities around Velika Kapela and Mala Kapela mountains in Croatia.

Use of microcalorimetry in determination of stability of enalapril maleate and enalapril maleate tablet formulations.

The stability properties of enalapril maleate (EM) and of different tablet formulations including EM were studied by isothermal microcalorimetry and by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). It was shown that water content of the sample and elevated temperature have a high impact on stability properties of the substance itself and of the formulations including this substance. The degradation is more extensive at higher water content and at elevated temperature. The type of the tablet formulation (5 or 20mg EM tablet formulation) also has an impact: the 5 EM tablet formulation is the less stable one. The heat output of individual tablet formulations was used to evaluate the enthalpy changes and to calculate the difference in the amount of degraded EM between various samples. These results agreed satisfactorily with those obtained by HPLC. Isothermal microcalorimetry proved to be a fast and predictive method that could be used in preformulation studies to accelerate the pharmaceutical development and shorten the time before launching the product to the market.

The effect of the combination therapy with sucralfate and famotidine on experimentally induced duodenal ulcers in rats.

The combination of sucralfate (SUC) and famotidine (FAM) at subtherapeutic dose on cysteamine-induced duodenal ulcers (3 x 250 mg/kg) in female rats was studied. Subtherapeutic doses were determined in the preliminary studies. They were 200 mg/kg SUC and 0.2 mg/kg FAM (twice a day). The macroscopic examination was done 24 hours after first application of cysteamine. The effectiveness of SUC and FAM combination in subtherapeutic doses was confirmed by decreased number (from 1.3 to 0.5), length (from 5.5 mm to 1.9 mm), severity of duodenal ulcers (from 3.4 to 1.2) and reduction of ulcerative index by 54.4%.