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Nat Commun ; 12(1): 6844, 2021 11 25.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34824230

RESUMO

COVID-19 manifests as a milder disease in children than adults, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully characterized. Here we assess the difference in cellular or humoral immune responses of pediatric and adult COVID-19 patients to see if these factors contribute to the severity dichotomy. Children's non-specific immune profile is dominated by naive lymphocytes and HLA-DRhighCX3CR1low dendritic cells; meanwhile, children show strong specific antibody and T cell responses for viral structural proteins, with their T cell responses differing from adults by having weaker CD8+TNF+ T cells responses to S peptide pool but stronger responses to N and M peptide pools. Finally, viral mRNA is more abundant in pediatric patients. Our data thus support a scenario in which SARS-CoV-2 infected children contribute to transmission yet are less susceptible to COVID-19 symptoms due to strong and differential responses to the virus.


Assuntos
Anticorpos Antivirais/imunologia , COVID-19/imunologia , Imunidade Humoral , RNA Viral , SARS-CoV-2/genética , Vacinas Sintéticas/imunologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Anticorpos Antivirais/sangue , Brasil , Linfócitos T CD4-Positivos/imunologia , Linfócitos T CD8-Positivos , COVID-19/prevenção & controle , Vacinas contra COVID-19 , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Citocinas/sangue , Feminino , Humanos , Imunidade Inata , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , RNA Mensageiro , Glicoproteína da Espícula de Coronavírus/imunologia , Linfócitos T , Proteínas Estruturais Virais/imunologia , Adulto Jovem , Vacinas de mRNA
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