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1.
J Toxicol Environ Health A ; 86(21): 803-815, 2023 11 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37565650

RESUMO

Nosocomial infections (NIs) appear in patients under medical care in the hospital. The surveillance of the bacterial communities employing high-resolution 16S rRNA profiling, known as metabarcoding, represents a reliable method to establish factors that may influence the composition of the bacterial population during NIs. The present study aimed to utilize high-resolution 16S rRNA profiling to identify high bacterial diversity by analyzing 11 inside and 10 outside environments from the General Hospital of Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Brazil. Our results identified a high bacterial diversity, and among these, the most abundant bacterial genera linked to NIs were Cutibacterium, Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, and Corynebacterium. A Acinetobacter was detected in cafeterias, bus stops, and adult and pediatric intensive care units (ICUs). Data suggest an association between transport and alimentation areas proximal to the hospital ICU environment. Interestingly, the correlation and clusterization analysis showed the potential of the external areas to directly influence the ICU pediatric department microbial community, including the outpatient's clinic, visitor halls, patient reception, and the closest cafeterias. Our results demonstrate that high-resolution 16S rRNA profiling is a robust and reliable tool for bacterial genomic surveillance. In addition, the metabarcoding approach might help elaborate decontamination policies, and consequently reduce NIs.


Assuntos
Infecção Hospitalar , Microbiota , Adulto , Criança , Humanos , Infecção Hospitalar/epidemiologia , Infecção Hospitalar/microbiologia , RNA Ribossômico 16S/genética , Bactérias/genética , Hospitais
2.
Rep Pract Oncol Radiother ; 27(3): 467-473, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36186691

RESUMO

Background: Ultra-low dose radiotherapy (ULDRT) (2 × 2 Gy) has been used for symptomatic control of low-grade lymphomas with surprising local control rates, suggesting that these entities could respond to lower doses. These are particularly desirable for the treatment of orbital sites and some publications refer to high rates of complete responses. In this paper, we present our experience with the use of ULDRT for indolent orbital lymphomas. Materials and methods: Electronic files and treatment plans of patients treated with ULDRT for low-grade orbital lymphoma were retrospectively reviewed. Oncological outcomes and toxicities were collected and described for each patient. Results: Seven patients (median age of 75 years) with 8 lesions (3 follicular, 2 MALT, 1 marginal and 1 low-grade non-Hodgkin lymphoma) were considered for analysis. The majority had stage IE disease and one patient had bilateral disease. Six tumors were detected on imaging (median size of 20 mm). Involved orbital sites were periocular, conjunctival and palpebral; there was one case of intraocular (choroid) and one case of lacrimal gland involvement. One patient received consolidative rituximab after RT. The median follow-up time was 22 months. Two patients had partial response, one of them with persistent minimal choroidal disease and the other with partial response on CT. Five (71%) patients had clinical (n = 2) or radiologic (n = 3) complete response on treated sites. Reported late toxicities were minimal and included dry eye and pruritus. Conclusion: In our experience, ULDRT achieved a local control rate of 100% and complete response rate of 71% with minimal toxicity.

4.
Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther ; 39: 102992, 2022 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35803557

RESUMO

This study investigated the ability of cholesterol-phosphatidylcholine liposomes loaded with chloride aluminum phthalocyanine (CL-AlClPc) to discriminate between healthy (MCF-10A) and neoplastic (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) breast cells for breast cancer diagnosis and treatment by photodynamic therapy (PDT) using a new drug delivery system consisting of CL-AlClPc. When PDT treatment was applied at an energy fluence of 700 mJ/cm², CL-AlClPc was more cytotoxic to neoplastic cells than to healthy breast cells because CL-AlClPc was better internalized by the tumor cells. An even higher fluorescence signal is expected for neoplastic cells during clinical treatment than for healthy cells, which will be useful for precise and targeted tumor cell detection. CL-AlClPc also facilitated better drug distribution and targeting of essential organelles inside the cells. This selectivity is critical for future in vivo diagnosis and treatment; it prevents side effects because it prioritizes tumor cells and tissues instead of healthy ones. The CL-AlClPc system designed herein had a small size (150 nm), low zeta potential (-6 mV), low polydispersity (0.16), high encapsulation rate efficiency (82.83%), and high shelf stability (12 months).


Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama , Fotoquimioterapia , Neoplasias da Mama/diagnóstico , Neoplasias da Mama/tratamento farmacológico , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Colesterol , Feminino , Humanos , Isoindóis , Lipossomos , Fosfatidilcolinas , Fotoquimioterapia/métodos , Fármacos Fotossensibilizantes/farmacologia
5.
Sao Paulo Med J ; 140(3): 439-446, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35507993

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Epidemiological studies involving large samples usually face financial and operational challenges. OBJECTIVES: To describe the planning and execution of ADHERE Brazil, an epidemiological study on 1,105 kidney transplant patients, and report on how the study was structured, difficulties faced and solutions found. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional multicenter study in 20 Brazilian kidney transplantation centers. METHODS: Actions developed in each phase of implementation were described, with emphasis on innovations used within the logistics of this study, aimed at estimating the prevalence of nonadherence to treatment. RESULTS: Coordination of activities was divided into four areas: general, regulatory, data collection and statistics. Weekly meetings were held for action planning. The general coordination team was in charge of project elaboration, choice of participating centers, definition of publication policy and monitoring other coordination teams. The regulatory team provided support to centers for submitting the project to ethics committees. The data collection team prepared a manual on the electronic collection system, scheduled web meetings and was available to respond to queries. It also monitored the data quality and reported any inadequacies found. Communication with the centers was through monthly reports via e-mail and distribution of exclusive material. The statistical team acted in all phases of the study, especially in creating the data analysis plan and data bank, generation of randomization lists and data extraction. CONCLUSIONS: Through these logistics, we collected high-quality data and built a local research infrastructure for further studies. We present supporting alternatives for conducting similar studies. CLINICAL TRIAL ANNOTATION: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ on October 10, 2013; NCT02066935.


Assuntos
Transplante de Rim , Brasil/epidemiologia , Comunicação , Estudos Transversais , Humanos , Prevalência
6.
Exp Biol Med (Maywood) ; 243(9): 796-802, 2018 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29763365

RESUMO

Cross-linked chitosan iron (III) is a chitin-derived polymer with a chelating effect on phosphorus, but it is untested in vascular calcification. We evaluated this compound's ability to reduce hyperphosphatemia and its effect on vascular calcification in uremic rats using an adenine-based, phosphorus-rich diet for seven weeks. We used a control group to characterize the uremia. Uremic rats were divided according the treatment into chronic kidney disease, CKD-Ch-Fe(III)CL (CKD-Ch), CKD-calcium carbonate, or CKD-sevelamer groups. We measured creatinine, phosphorus, calcium, alkaline phosphatase, phosphorus excretion fraction, parathyroid hormone, and fibroblast growth factor 23. Vascular calcification was assessed using the aortic calcium content, and a semi-quantitative analysis was performed using Von Kossa and hematoxylin-eosin staining. At week seven, rats in the chronic kidney disease group had higher creatinine, phosphorus, phosphorus excretion fraction, calcium, alkaline phosphatase, fibroblast growth factor 23, and aortic calcium content than those in the Control group. Treatments with cross-linked chitosan iron (III) and calcium carbonate prevented phosphorus increase (20%-30% reduction). The aortic calcium content was lowered by 88% and 85% in the CKD-Ch and CKD-sevelamer groups, respectively. The prevalence of vascular changes was higher in the chronic kidney disease and CKD-calcium carbonate (62.5%) groups than in the CKD-Ch group (37.5%). In conclusion, cross-linked chitosan iron (III) had a phosphorus chelating effect similar to calcium carbonate already available for clinical use, and prevented calcium accumulation in the aorta. Impact statement Vascular calcification (VC) is a common complication due to CKD-related bone and mineral disorder (BMD) and is characterized by deposition of calcium in vessels. Effective therapies are not yet available but new phosphorus chelators can prevent complications from CV. We tested the effect of chitosan, a new phosphorus chelator, on the VC of uremic animals. It has recently been proposed that chitosan treatment may be effective in the treatment of hyperphosphataemia. However, its action on vascular calcification has not been investigated yet. In this study, we demonstrated that chitosan reduced the calcium content in the aorta, suggesting that this may be a therapeutic approach in the treatment of hyperphosphatemia by preventing CV.


Assuntos
Quitosana/farmacologia , Ferro/farmacologia , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/tratamento farmacológico , Uremia/tratamento farmacológico , Calcificação Vascular/tratamento farmacológico , Animais , Carbonato de Cálcio/farmacologia , Masculino , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/sangue , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/complicações , Uremia/sangue , Uremia/complicações , Calcificação Vascular/sangue , Calcificação Vascular/etiologia
7.
São Paulo med. j ; 140(3): 439-446, May-June 2022. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS | ID: biblio-1377376

RESUMO

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Epidemiological studies involving large samples usually face financial and operational challenges. OBJECTIVES: To describe the planning and execution of ADHERE Brazil, an epidemiological study on 1,105 kidney transplant patients, and report on how the study was structured, difficulties faced and solutions found. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional multicenter study in 20 Brazilian kidney transplantation centers. METHODS: Actions developed in each phase of implementation were described, with emphasis on innovations used within the logistics of this study, aimed at estimating the prevalence of nonadherence to treatment. RESULTS: Coordination of activities was divided into four areas: general, regulatory, data collection and statistics. Weekly meetings were held for action planning. The general coordination team was in charge of project elaboration, choice of participating centers, definition of publication policy and monitoring other coordination teams. The regulatory team provided support to centers for submitting the project to ethics committees. The data collection team prepared a manual on the electronic collection system, scheduled web meetings and was available to respond to queries. It also monitored the data quality and reported any inadequacies found. Communication with the centers was through monthly reports via e-mail and distribution of exclusive material. The statistical team acted in all phases of the study, especially in creating the data analysis plan and data bank, generation of randomization lists and data extraction. CONCLUSIONS: Through these logistics, we collected high-quality data and built a local research infrastructure for further studies. We present supporting alternatives for conducting similar studies. CLINICAL TRIAL ANNOTATION: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ on October 10, 2013; NCT02066935.


Assuntos
Humanos , Transplante de Rim , Brasil/epidemiologia , Prevalência , Estudos Transversais , Comunicação
9.
J Bras Nefrol ; 36(2): 139-49, 2014.
Artigo em Inglês, Português | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25055353

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: There is great interest in the use of animal models in the study of renal pathophysiology requires standardization of parameters. OBJECTIVE: Standardize assessment of renal function in rats from in the Center for Reproductive Biology of Federal University of Juiz de Fora's colony. METHODS: Thirty Wistar rats were used and performed measurements of creatinine (serum and urine), serum urea and proteinuria. Were evaluated: the urine collection interval in metabolic cages (24 hours or 12 hours), the need for 12-hour fast, the need of urine and serum deproteinization for creatinine measurement, need of serum deproteinization in animals with acute kidney injury to a spectrophotometer and ELISA, and the comparison of 24-hour proteinuria (PT 24 hours) with the protein/creatinine ratio (rP/C). Means were compared by the Student's t test, Pearson correlation, Bland-Altman plot for agreement and linear regression model to estimate PT 24 hours from rP/C. RESULTS: The 24 hours urine output was greater than 12 hours, interfering with the creatinine clearance calculation. In the fasting group showed less water intake and lower urinary creatinine. There was great variability for the deproteinized whey and readings performed in the two devices were similar. There was a strong correlation between PT 24 hours and rP/C and the equation was generated: PT 24 hours = (8.6113 x rP/C) + 1.0869. CONCLUSION: Was standardized: 24-hour urine collection without fasting. The deproteinization showed no benefit. The measurements were performed with spectrophotometer reliability. It generated a practical formula for estimating PT 24 hours through rP/C.


Assuntos
Modelos Animais de Doenças , Testes de Função Renal/normas , Animais , Brasil , Masculino , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Universidades , Urinálise/normas
11.
RFO UPF ; 17(3)set.-dez. 2012.
Artigo em Português | LILACS | ID: lil-683514

RESUMO

Introdução: O freio labial hipertrófico pode dificultar a higienização, restringir os movimentos de lábio, possibilitar acúmulo de placa bacteriana e prejudicar a fonética. Pode também gerar insatisfação estética para o paciente, além de poder causar diastema interincisal. Na literatura odontológica ainda existem controvérsias em relação ao diagnóstico, causas, consequências, assim como no tratamento dessa alteração. Objetivo: Este trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar o caso clínico de paciente com nove anos de idade, na fase do patinho feio, com freio labial superior hipertrófico associado à diastema interincisal. Relato de caso: houve indicação para remoção cirúrgica do freio labial durante tratamento ortodôntico. A técnica de frenectomia escolhida foi a de Archer, também conhecida como ?duplo pinçamento?. O motivo para a intervenção cirúrgica foi a presença de freio labial superior fibroso, que, caso fosse mantido, não permitiria a estabilidade do caso após o fechamento do espaço interincisivo. Além disso, não havia espaço suficiente para erupção do incisivo lateral superior esquerdo. Considerações finais: Neste caso a eficácia do tratamento pôde ser observada, pois ocorreu fechamento do diastema interincisivo media no, erupção do incisivo lateral permanente e ausência de recidiva.

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