Syndromes with gingival fibromatosis: A systematic review.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of systematic review was to describe the phenotypes and molecular profiles of syndromes with gingival fibromatosis (GF). METHODS: A comprehensive search of PubMed, LILACS, Livivo, Scopus, and Web of Science was conducted using key terms relevant to the research questions and supplemented by a gray literature search. The Methodological Quality and Synthesis of Case Series and Case Reports in association with the Case Series and Prevalence Studies from the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools were used for the risk of bias. We followed the PRISMA checklist guidelines. RESULTS: Eighty-four studies reporting GF as an oral manifestation of a syndrome were identified in this review. Enamel renal syndrome was the most frequently reported syndrome with GF, represented by 54 individuals in 19 studies, followed by Zimmermann-Laband syndrome with 24 individuals in 15 studies and Costello syndrome, which was presented in a case series study with 41 individuals. Among reported cases, other clinical manifestations such as hypertrichosis, ectopic gingival calcification, and cherubism were described. CONCLUSIONS: The results emphasize the need of systematic oro-dental-facial phenotyping for future descriptions as well as further molecular analysis in order to better understand the occurrence of syndromic GF.

Salivary metabolites to detect patients with cancer: a systematic review.

Novel adjunctive screening aids are needed to reduce the morbidity and mortality related to cancer, and every effort should be made for early diagnosis. This systematic review aimed to evaluate salivary metabolites and their diagnostic value in patients with cancer.The systematic review was performed in two phases and included studies that focused on the diagnostic value of salivary metabolites in humans with solid malignant neoplasms. Five electronic databases were searched, and the risk of bias in individual studies was evaluated using the revised Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies criteria (QUADAS-2). All procedures were performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.Of the 1151 studies retrieved, 25 were included; 13 studies used targeted and 12 untargeted metabolomics approaches. Most studies included patients with breast and oral cancer. Except for one, all studies had case-control designs, and none fulfilled all quality assessments. Overall, 140 salivary metabolites were described. The most frequently reported metabolites were alanine, valine, and leucine. Among the 11 studies that reported diagnostic test accuracy (DTA) values, proline, threonine, and histidine in combination and monoacylglycerol alone demonstrated the highest DTA for breast cancer. Combined choline, betaine, pipecolinic acid, and L-carnitine showed better discriminatory performance for early oral cancer.This systematic review highlights the current evidence on salivary metabolites that may be used as a future strategy to diagnose cancer. Further studies including larger sample sizes with confirmation of the results by untargeted analysis are warranted.

Laser therapy for recurrent aphthous stomatitis: an overview.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate therapeutic effects of laser therapy on patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis assessing evidences from previously published systematic reviews. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An overview of systematic reviews was conducted based on PRISMA checklist. Search strategies were developed and adapted for six different electronic databases and a gray literature search was also performed. The methodology quality of the included systematic reviews was assessed by the Measurement Tool to Assess the Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR 2). RESULTS: After a two-step selection, five systematic reviews were included. Methodology quality was considered as a high risk of bias in two systematic reviews, while in the other three were graded as moderate. The systematic reviews' conclusions demonstrated that all included systematics reviews showed positive effects of laser therapy for pain relief, and most of them demonstrated healing improvement. A meta-analysis was not feasible due to heterogeneity in treatments parameters. CONCLUSIONS: Evidence suggested that laser therapy is an effective tool to treat recurrent aphthous stomatitis; nevertheless, more randomized clinical trials should be conducted to compare different lasers parameters. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The present overview evaluated recent evidence about laser therapy for recurrent aphthous stomatitis management in order to contribute for evidence-based dentistry and decision-making. This overview suggests that laser therapy is a safe and promising alternative to treat recurrent aphthous stomatitis, since it promotes wound healing and pain relief.

Early clinical performance of resin cements in glass-ceramic posterior restorations in adult vital teeth: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Dentists must regularly determine the best adhesive cementation protocol for glass-ceramic restorations on posterior teeth. The authors are aware of few in vivo follow-up studies and no meta-analyses, including clinical trials, regarding this clinically relevant topic, which merits further investigation. PURPOSE: The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to statistically analyze the clinical performance of glass-ceramic posterior restorations by using a descriptive synthesis based on the integrity of the tooth and restoration under different cementation protocols for self-adhesive or conventional resin cements. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The electronic databases Cochrane, LILACS, PubMed/MEDLINE, SciELO, Scopus, and Web of Science were used to identify relevant clinical trials. Non-peer-reviewed literature searches and hand searching were performed to find additional references. Language, participant's age, or time restrictions were not set. Restoration and tooth integrity were the 2 aspects considered for the meta-analysis. Statistical analyses were performed using a software program in which fixed or random effect models with risk ratios and 95% confidence intervals were applied. RESULTS: Three prospective randomized or quasirandomized clinical trials, published in English from 2012 onward, were selected and statistically analyzed. The integrity of the tooth and restoration was assessed at the baseline and 1 year after the restorative intervention. The statistical analyses did not show any significant differences between the intervention and control groups in terms of the integrity of the tooth and restoration. CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis indicated no clinical differences in the ceramic cementation using a self-adhesive or conventional resin cement after the 1-year follow-up period because both resin cements showed adequate properties for tooth and restoration integrity.

Effects of turmeric and curcumin on oral mucositis: A systematic review.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of turmeric and curcumin in the management of oral mucositis in cancer patients undergoing chemo and/or radiotherapy. The systematic review was reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses. The search was performed in the following database: Cochrane Library, LILACS, LIVIVO, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. A gray literature search was undertaken using Google Scholar, Open Grey, and ProQuest. The methodology of included studies was evaluated by the Meta-Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument. After a two-step selection process, four randomized and one nonrandomized clinical trials were included in the analysis. Two studies were categorized as low and three as moderate risk of bias. Turmeric/curcumin was applied topically as a gel or as a mouthwash. Patients treated with turmeric/curcumin experienced reduced grade of mucositis, pain, erythema intensity, and ulcerative area. Current evidence suggests that topical application of turmeric or curcumin is effective in controlling signs and symptoms of oral mucositis. Thus, further investigation is required to confirm the promising effect of turmeric and curcumin in oral inflammatory lesions.

Prevalence of degenerative joint disease of the temporomandibular joint: a systematic review.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this systematic review was to evaluate evidence about the prevalence of degenerative joint disease (DJD) of the temporomandibular joints (TMJ). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed search on electronic databases and gray literature from their inception to January 2018. Studies reporting prevalence data of DJD on TMJ were included. DJD was assessed through clinical and imaging diagnosis. Studies risk of bias was evaluated using the Critical Appraisal Checklist for Studies Reporting Prevalence Data. RESULTS: From 1082 studies, 32 were identified, and the sample size included 3435 subjects. They were clustered into two groups: the first comprised studies that reported prevalence of DJD in TMJ secondary to rheumatic systemic diseases like juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and the second group comprised studies that reported prevalence of DJD on temporomandibular disorder patients. The prevalence of DJD on JIA patients ranged from 40.42% (n = 47) to 93.33% (n = 15) and on RA patients from 45.00% (n = 20) to 92.85% (n = 56). Among TMD patients, the prevalence of DJD reported according to patients ranged from 18.01% (n = 1038) to 84.74% (n = 118) and reported according to joints ranged from 17.97% (n = 178) to 77.23% (n = 224). CONCLUSION: This review attempts to high prevalence of DJD in patients with systemic rheumatic disease and a less prevalent, but still high, occurrence in patients with TMD without systemic involvement. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Specialist doctors and dentists should be alert to not underestimate and to correctly diagnose DJD of the TMJ early in patients with rheumatic disease and TMD.

In vitro tooth reattachment techniques: A systematic review.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Fragment reattachment is a procedure that offers advantages, such as preservation of tooth structure and maintenance of color, shape, and translucency of the original tooth. The aim of this study was to analyze the reattachment techniques used to restore anterior teeth fractured by trauma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The PubMed, LILACS, Web of Science, Cochrane, and Scopus databases were searched in October 2016, and the search was updated in February 2017. A search of the gray literature was performed in Google Scholar and OpenGrey. Reference lists of eligible studies were evaluated to identify additional studies. Two authors assessed studies for inclusion and extracted the data. In vitro studies that evaluated permanent human teeth fractured by trauma were included. RESULTS: Twenty-one studies remained after screening. The bond strength between the fragment and the crown was evaluated in 119 experimental groups. Ten different techniques were evaluated as follows: no preparation, chamfer, bevel, anchors, overcontour, internal groove, no preparation associated with chamfer after reattachment, fragment dentin removal associated with chamfer after reattachment, bevel associated with overcontour, and groove associated with shoulder. Five different materials were used to reattach the fragment: bonding system, luting composite resin, flowable composite, microhybrid composite, and nanocomposite. CONCLUSION: Fragment reattachment using a technique with no preparation and an adhesive system associated with an intermediate composite with good mechanical properties can restore part of the resistance of the fractured tooth.

Biomarkers in the assessment of oral mucositis in head and neck cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the capability of biomarkers to predict the risk of oral mucositis in head and neck cancer patients, as well as to assess the correlation between these biomarkers and the severity of mucositis. METHODS: The search was performed at LILACS, PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, and Web of Science. A search of the gray literature was performed on Google Scholar, OpenGrey, and ProQuest. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using the Meta-Analysis of Statistics Assessment and Review Instrument (MAStARI) tool, and the evidence quality was assessed by the Grading of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system. RESULTS: After a two-step selection process, 26 studies met the eligibility criteria. In total, 27 biomarkers were evaluated, and the most frequent were the epidermal growth factor (EGF), C-reactive protein (CRP), genetic polymorphisms, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). The meta-analysis showed an expression of polymorphisms in XRCC1 (32.66%), XRCC3 (31.00%), and RAD51 (39.16%) genes, as well as an expression of protein biomarkers (39.57%), in patients with an increased risk of developing oral mucositis. CONCLUSIONS: Dosing biomarkers before starting radiation therapy may be a promising method to predict the risk of developing mucositis and allow radiosensitive patients to have a customized treatment. Although there is currently limited evidence to confirm the putative implementation of serum and salivary biomarkers to assess the correlation between them and the severity of mucositis, this current review provides new research directions.

Effects of Low-Level Laser Therapy as a Therapeutic Strategy for Patients With Tinnitus: A Systematic Review.

Purpose This systematic review aimed to analyze the effects of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on the severity of tinnitus when compared to no therapy or other modalities of therapies. Method A systematic review protocol was registered at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) under the Registration Number CRD42019119376. A search was performed in each of the following databases: EMBASE, LILACS, PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and ProQuest. The inclusion criteria consisted of studies in adults over 16 years of age, randomized clinical trials in which subjects presented chronic (≥ 6 months) and subjective tinnitus (unilateral or bilateral) as well as with or without bilateral sensorineural hearing loss, and studies that used only LLLT for treatment of tinnitus compared to no-therapy group or other modalities of therapy. No language or time restrictions were stipulated. The references were managed by Endnote Web and Rayyan QCRI. Results After the screening process, seven studies remained that attained the eligibility criteria. Regarding the risk of bias, only one study was categorized as low risk of bias; the six remaining studies were classified as moderate risk of bias. The seven included studies mainly assessed the LLLT effects on tinnitus by Visual Analogue Scale, Tinnitus Handicap Inventory, pitch and loudness matching, minimum masking level, and pure-tone audiometry. All the seven selected studies found different degrees of significant results regarding tinnitus severity; however, there was no consensus among the results. Conclusion Even though the LLLT showed positive effects in the tinnitus severity in some studies, it is not possible yet to make any recommendation over its uses for the treatment of tinnitus severity.

Aerosol generated by dental procedures: A scoping review.

BACKGROUND: The current pandemic has raised awareness of aerosol dispersion in dental offices. This scoping review was conducted to assess the amount and spread of aerosol generated by dental procedures. METHODS: This scoping review followed the PRISMA-ScR protocol and was conducted by searching multiple databases adopting a core search structure for each database. Detailed eligibility criteria were applied. The authors placed no restrictions on study design, year of publication, and study location. The literature search was updated on September 15, 2021. RESULTS: A total of 51 papers were included in this scoping review. The risk of bias assessment was not conducted as per guidelines. The majority of studies found microorganisms, bloodstains, splatters of aerosol, and particles in the air part of the search strategy. Publication dates ranged from 1969 to 2021. Data came from different dental settings locations. Several factors were identified that have an effect on the amount and spread of the aerosol and spatter. CONCLUSION: Although it is clear that the microbial contamination occurred mainly during aerosol-generating dental procedures, our understanding of the contamination level, spread, and half-life are limited.

Supporting evidence-based judicial decisions on health care in Brazil: an experience report / Apoio técnico-científico à tomada de decisão judicial em saúde no Brasil: um relato de experiência / Apoyo técnico-científico a la toma de decisiones judiciales en salud en Brasil: un relato de experiencia

Objective: The main objective of this study is to report on the implementation and results of the "Supporting Health-Related Judicial Decisions in Brazil" project conducted at the Health Technology Assessment Center, Hospital Sírio-Libanês through the "Programa de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Institucional do Sistema Único de Saúde", in Brazil. Methods: This study is an experience report of a project conducted at the Health Technology Assessment Center, Hospital Sírio-Libanês. Results: The activities of the project occurred in 2023 and included two online training courses on primary studies and systematic reviews, 11 one-day workshops with technical-scientific content for members of the Technical Support Centers for the Judiciary (NATJus), 40 online technical-scientific consultations for magistrates on a digital platform, 11 technical-scientific reports addressing the most legally claimed technologies in Brazil; two methodological tools, a national forum (hybrid event), 10 chat-based mentorships for NATJus members; and the maintenance of an open-access blog, by publishing news on relevant topics on law and health. Discussion and conclusion: This project has contributed to the improvement of the judicial decision-making process by providing a range of activities aimed at aiding the prioritization of health technologies that are clearly effective and safe over those that are ineffective, harmful, or have uncertain effects.

Objetivo: O objetivo principal deste estudo é relatar a implementação e os resultados do projeto "Apoio técnico-científico à tomada de decisão judicial em Saúde no Brasil" realizado no Hospital Sírio-Libanês por meio do "Programa de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Institucional do Sistema Único de Saúde". Métodos: Este estudo é um relato de experiência de um projeto realizado no Núcleo de Avaliação de Tecnologias em Saúde do Hospital Sírio-Libanês. Resultados: As atividades do projeto ocorreram em 2023 e incluíram dois cursos de formação online sobre estudos primários e revisões sistemáticas, 11 oficinas de um dia com conteúdo técnico-científico para membros dos Núcleos de Apoio Técnico ao Judiciário (NATJus), 40 consultas on-line técnico-científicas para magistrados em plataforma digital, 11 relatórios técnico-científicos abordando as tecnologias mais reivindicadas judicialmente no Brasil; duas ferramentas metodológicas, um fórum nacional (evento híbrido), 10 mentorias via chat para membros do NATJus; e a manutenção de um blog de acesso aberto, com publicação de notícias sobre temas relevantes de direito e saúde. Discussão e conclusão: Este projeto contribuiu para a melhoria do processo de tomada de decisão judicial, fornecendo uma série de atividades destinadas a ajudar na priorização de tecnologias de saúde que sejam claramente eficazes e seguras em detrimento daquelas que são ineficazes, prejudiciais ou têm efeitos incertos.

Objetivo: El objetivo principal de este estudio es informar sobre la implementación y los resultados del proyecto "Apoyo a las Decisiones Judiciales Relacionadas con la Salud en Brasil" realizado en el Centro de Tecnología en Salud del Hospital Sírio-Libanês a través del "Programa de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Institucional do Sistema Único de Saúde", en Brasil. Métodos: Este estudio es un informe de experiencia de un proyecto realizado en el Centro de Tecnología en Salud del Hospital Sírio-Libanês. Resultados: Las actividades del proyecto ocurrieron en 2023 e incluyeron dos cursos de capacitación en línea sobre estudios primarios y revisiones sistemáticas, 11 talleres de un día de contenido técnico-científico para miembros de los Centros de Apoyo Técnico al Poder Judicial (NATJus), 40 consultas técnico-científicas en línea para magistrados en plataforma digital, 11 informes técnico-científicos que abordan las tecnologías más reclamadas legalmente en Brasil; dos herramientas metodológicas, un foro nacional (evento híbrido), 10 mentorías basadas en chat para miembros de NATJus; y el mantenimiento de un blog de acceso abierto, mediante la publicación de noticias sobre temas relevantes en derecho y salud. Discusión y conclusión: Este proyecto ha contribuido a mejorar el proceso de toma de decisiones judiciales proporcionando actividades para priorizar las tecnologías sanitarias claramente eficaces y seguras frente a aquellas que son ineficaces, nocivas o de efectos inciertos.

MKRN3 Mutations in Central Precocious Puberty: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

MKRN3 mutations represent the most common genetic cause of central precocious puberty (CPP) but associations between genotype and clinical features have not been extensively explored. This systematic review and meta-analysis investigated genotype-phenotype associations and prevalence of MKRN3 mutations in CPP. The search was conducted in seven electronic databases (Cochrane, EMBASE, LILACS, LIVIVO, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) for articles published until 4 September 2018. Studies evaluating MKRN3 mutations in patients with CPP were considered eligible. A total of 22 studies, studying 880 subjects with CPP, fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Eighty-nine subjects (76 girls) were identified as harboring MKRN3 mutations. Girls, compared with boys, exhibited earlier age at pubertal onset (median, 6.0 years; range, 3.0 to 7.0 vs 8.5 years; range, 5.9 to 9.0; P < 0.001), and higher basal FSH levels (median, 4.3 IU/L; range, 0.7 to 13.94 IU/L vs 2.45 IU/L; range, 0.8 to 13.70 IU/L; P = 0.003), and bone age advancement (ΔBA; median, 2.3 years; range, -0.9 to 5.2 vs 1.2 years; range, 0.0 to 2.3; P = 0.01). Additional dysmorphisms were uncommon. A total of 14 studies evaluating 857 patients were included for quantitative analysis, with a pooled overall mutation prevalence of 9.0% (95% CI, 0.04 to 0.15). Subgroup analysis showed that prevalence estimates were higher in males, familial cases, and in non-Asian countries. In conclusion, MKRN3 mutations are associated with nonsyndromic CPP and manifest in a sex-dimorphic manner, with girls being affected earlier. They represent a common cause of CPP in western countries, especially in boys and familial cases.

Potential genetic markers for nonsyndromic oral clefts in the Brazilian population: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Although various genes and genomic regions were described as of susceptibility for nonsyndromic oral clefts (NOC), recent reports have demonstrated significant interethnic variations in the genetic predisposition, a situation that affects the Brazilian population, one of the most admixed populations in the world. Therefore, the purpose of this review was to describe the available information on genetic risk markers for NOC in the Brazilian population. METHODS: A systematic search of the literature was performed using LILACS, LIVIVO, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases, and studies that investigated genetic susceptibility markers for NOC in the Brazilian population were retrieved. Markers with enough statistical data were subjected to meta-analysis using random- or fixed-effects model with odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) as effect measures. RESULTS: Forty-nine studies conducted since 1999 were found, and in these 114 markers were evaluated throughout case-control or family-based approaches. Most of the studies were conducted with patients affected by nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL ± P), and 79 markers (69.3%) were evaluated by a single study only. Meta-analysis was performed with nine markers, and the most promising results were obtained for IRF6 (rs642961), 8q24 (rs987525 and rs1530300) and MTHFR (rs1801133), which were associated with increased risk for NSCL ± P, and for BMP4 (rs17563) that showed a protective effect for NSCL ± P. CONCLUSION: A large number of genetic markers distributed in several genes/loci was associated with NOC in the Brazilian population, but in general the original studies included limited number of samples and unsatisfactory protocols. The classical risk markers located in IRF6 and 8q24 showed promising results as well as rs1801133 in MTHFR and rs17563 in BMP4, and they should be validated in larger and multicenter studies taking in consideration the variations in the miscegenation of Brazilian population.

Prevalence of trigeminal neuralgia: A systematic review.

BACKGROUND: The aim of this systematic review was to answer the focused question, "What are the prevalence and the epidemiological characteristics of trigeminal neuralgia in the general population?" TYPES OF STUDIES REVIEWED: This systematic review included observational population-based studies reporting the prevalence of trigeminal neuralgia (TN). The authors developed specific search strategies for LILACS, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. The authors evaluated the methodological quality of the included studies using criteria from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. RESULTS: Among 728 studies, the authors selected only 3 for inclusion. Two studies were classified as having low risk of bias and 1 as having moderate risk. The sample size ranged from 1,838 to 13,541 adults. This review identified a higher prevalence of TN in women, ranging from 0.03% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.01-0.08) to 0.3% (95% CI, 0.16-0.55). The maxillary and mandibular branches of the trigeminal nerve were the most affected. The proportion between women and men who had TN was 3 to 1, and those in the age bracket between 37 and 67 years were the most affected. CONCLUSIONS AND PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: The authors of this review identified a higher prevalence of TN in women older than 40 years that usually affected the maxillary and mandibular branches. Further research is required to validate the prevalence of TN in a well-structured, population-based study without a convenience sample.