RESUMO
Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a highly effective surgical procedure, but in some patients TKAs fail early due to a variety of underlying factors. About 11% of revision TKAs within one year of primary TKA are the result of aseptic loosening of the tibial component at the cement-implant interface. Literature regarding the most important factors associated with this type of loosening is scarce. The objective is to give an overview of the literature regarding factors associated with aseptic loosening of the tibia component at the cement-implant interface in total knee arthroplasty. A narrative literature review based on publications identified through PubMed and CINAHL databases. Twelve studies were identified, which describe a total of 299 cases of early aseptic loosening of the tibia component at the cement-implant interface. The main associated factors reported were cementa- tion factors. These factors included the use of high viscosity cement (HVC), cement application methods and cement thickness. Other main reported associated factor related to implant design factors, which included component shape and surface roughness. The least frequently reported associated factors related to the patient characteristics of body mass index (BMI). Several factors associated with early aseptic loosening of the tibial component at the cement-implant interface in total knee arthroplasty were identified in this review. The most frequently reported associated factors related to cementation factors and implant design factors. Because the literature in this area is scarce, further research is warranted in an effort to prevent early aseptic loosening in future TKAs.
Assuntos
Artroplastia do Joelho , Prótese do Joelho , Artroplastia do Joelho/efeitos adversos , Cimentos Ósseos , Humanos , Articulação do Joelho/cirurgia , Prótese do Joelho/efeitos adversos , Falha de Prótese , Reoperação/efeitos adversos , Tíbia/cirurgiaRESUMO
Background and purpose - The Synovasure lateral flow test was developed as a rapid test for the detection or exclusion of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). 3 studies have reported promising results on its diagnostic value in total joint revision surgery. We aimed to assess the sensitivity and specificity of the Synovasure test to exclude infection in patients undergoing revision surgery for suspected early aseptic loosening of a total hip or knee arthroplasty. Patients and methods - In a prospective study design, 37 patients who underwent revision surgery for suspected early aseptic loosening (< 3 years after primary arthroplasty) were included. The Synovasure test was used intraoperatively to confirm the aseptic nature of the loosening and 6 tissue cultures were obtained in all cases. Exclusion criteria were patients with a preoperatively confirmed PJI, acute revisions (< 90 days after primary arthroplasty) and cases with malpositioning, wear, or instability of the prosthesis. Results - 5 of the 37 patients were diagnosed with a PJI based on the intraoperative tissue cultures. In only 1 out of these 5 cases this was confirmed by the intraoperative Synovasure test. No tests were falsely positive. Interpretation - In this case series the Synovasure lateral flow test had a low sensitivity to exclude PJI in patients with suspected aseptic loosening. The role of the Synovasure lateral flow test in the intraoperative exclusion of PJI during revision surgery for suspected early aseptic loosening appears to be more limited than previously indicated.
Assuntos
Anti-Infecciosos , Artroplastia de Quadril/efeitos adversos , Artroplastia do Joelho/efeitos adversos , Falha de Prótese/etiologia , Infecções Relacionadas à Prótese/diagnóstico , alfa-Defensinas , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Artroplastia de Quadril/instrumentação , Artroplastia do Joelho/instrumentação , Feminino , Prótese de Quadril , Humanos , Prótese do Joelho , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Monitorização Intraoperatória , Estudos Prospectivos , Infecções Relacionadas à Prótese/etiologia , Reoperação , Sensibilidade e EspecificidadeRESUMO
PURPOSE: To investigate the effectiveness of isolated eccentric versus conventional exercise therapy in patients with rotator cuff tendinopathy. METHODS: Thirty-six patients with rotator cuff tendinopathy, diagnosed by an orthopaedic surgeon, were included and randomly allocated to an isolated eccentric exercise (EE) group (n = 20, mean age = 50.2 ± 10.8 years) or a conventional exercise (CG) group (n = 16, mean age = 48.6 ± 12.3 years). Both groups fulfilled a 12-week daily home-based exercise programme and received a total amount of nine treatment sessions. The Constant Murley score was used to evaluate both objective (e.g. range of motion and strength) and subjective measures (e.g. pain and activities of daily living). A visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to evaluate pain during daily activities. As secondary outcomes, shoulder range of motion and isometric abduction strength in 45° in the scapular plane were evaluated. All measurements were taken at baseline, at 6, 12 and 26 weeks. RESULTS: After 26 weeks, both groups showed a significant increase in the Constant Murley score and a significant decrease in VAS scores. No difference was found between the groups, for any of the evaluated outcome measures. CONCLUSION: A 12-week-isolated eccentric training programme of the rotator cuff is beneficial for shoulder function and pain after 26 weeks in patients with rotator cuff tendinopathy. However, it is no more beneficial than a conventional exercise programme for the rotator cuff and scapular muscles. Based on the results, clinicians should take into account that performing two eccentric exercises twice a day is as effective as performing six concentric/eccentric exercises once a day in patients with rotator cuff tendinopathy.
Assuntos
Terapia por Exercício/métodos , Manguito Rotador/fisiopatologia , Tendinopatia/terapia , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Método Simples-Cego , Tendinopatia/fisiopatologia , Escala Visual AnalógicaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: We compared the diagnostic reproducibility and accuracy of musculoskeletal radiologists with orthopaedic shoulder surgeons in 2 large medical centers in assessing magnetic resonance arthrograms (MRAs) of patients with traumatic anterior shoulder instability. METHODS: Forty-five surgically confirmed MRAs were assessed by 4 radiologists, 4 orthopaedic surgeons, 2 radiologic teams, and 2 orthopaedic teams. During MRA assessment and surgery, the same 7-lesion scoring form was used. κ Coefficients, sensitivity, specificity, and differences in percentage of agreement or correct diagnosis (P < .05, McNemar test) were calculated per lesion and overall per the 7 lesion types. RESULTS: The overall κ between the individual radiologists (κ = 0.51, κ = 0.46) and orthopaedic surgeons (κ = 0.46, κ = 0.41) was moderate. Although the overall percentage of agreement between the radiologists was slightly higher than that between the orthopaedic surgeons in both centers (80.0% vs 77.5% and 75.2% vs 73.7%), there was no significant difference. In each medical center, however, the most experienced orthopaedic surgeon was exceedingly more accurate than both radiologists per the 7 lesion types (81.9% vs 72.4%/74.6% and 76.5% vs 67.3%/73.7%). In 3 of 4 cases, this difference was significant. Overall accuracy improvement through consensus assessment was merely established for the weakest member of each team. CONCLUSION: Experienced orthopaedic surgeons are more accurate than radiologists in assessing traumatic anterior shoulder instability-related lesions on MRA. In case of diagnosis disagreement, these orthopaedic surgeons should base their treatment decision on their own MRA interpretation.
Assuntos
Instabilidade Articular/diagnóstico , Ortopedia , Radiologia , Luxação do Ombro/diagnóstico , Articulação do Ombro/patologia , Adulto , Artrografia , Feminino , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Ortopedia/normas , Radiologia/normas , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Lesões do OmbroRESUMO
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether nocturnal pain and pain at rest preoperatively influence the satisfaction in patients after joint arthroplasty. The second research question is whether subjective outcome (VAS/WOMAC) after hip (THA) or knee arthroplasty (TKA) differs in patients with or without nocturnal pain and pain at rest preoperatively compared to those who do not. METHODS: A consecutive group of 189 TKAs and 189 THAs was evaluated. The influence of pain at rest and nocturnal pain preoperatively on the outcome was evaluated by means of a one-way ANOVA. Outcome measurements used were WOMAC, VAS pain and VAS Satisfaction. RESULTS: The results show that satisfaction at follow up was not influenced by the presence of nocturnal pain or pain at rest preoperatively. The presence of nocturnal pain and pain at rest preoperatively did result in a poorer WOMAC pain score WOMAC physical impairment score and a higher VAS pain at rest and activity after surgery for both THA and TKA. CONCLUSION: The results show that the presence of pain at night and pain at rest in symptomatic osteoarthritic patients results in worse VAS and WOMAC scores, but with similar amounts of satisfaction at follow up.
Assuntos
Artralgia/cirurgia , Artroplastia de Quadril , Artroplastia do Joelho , Osteoartrite/cirurgia , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Satisfação do Paciente , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Four-part fractures of the proximal humerus account for 3% of all humeral fractures and are regarded as the most difficult fractures to treat in the elderly. Various authors recommend nonoperative treatment or hemiarthroplasty, but the literature is unclear regarding which provides better quality of life and function. QUESTIONS/PURPOSES: We therefore performed a randomized controlled trial to compare (1) function, (2) strength, and (3) pain and disability in patients 65 years and older with four-part humeral fractures treated either nonoperatively or with hemiarthroplasty. METHODS: We randomly allocated 50 patients to one of the two approaches. There were no differences in patient demographics between the two groups. The Constant-Murley score was the primary outcome measure. Secondary outcome measures were the Simple Shoulder Test, abduction strength test as measured by a myometer, and VAS scores for pain and disability. All patients were assessed at 12 months. RESULTS: We found no between-group differences in Constant-Murley and Simple Shoulder Test scores at 3- and 12-months followup. Abduction strength was better at 3 and 12 months in the nonoperatively treated group although the nonoperatively treated patients experienced more pain at 3 months; this difference could not be detected after 12 months. CONCLUSIONS: We observed no clear benefits in treating patients 65 years or older with four-part fractures of the proximal humerus with either hemiarthroplasty or nonoperative treatment. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level I, therapeutic study. See Instructions for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Assuntos
Hemiartroplastia , Fraturas do Ombro/terapia , Ombro/cirurgia , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Fenômenos Biomecânicos , Avaliação da Deficiência , Feminino , Consolidação da Fratura , Hemiartroplastia/efeitos adversos , Humanos , Masculino , Força Muscular , Países Baixos , Medição da Dor , Dor Pós-Operatória/etiologia , Radiografia , Recuperação de Função Fisiológica , Ombro/diagnóstico por imagem , Ombro/fisiopatologia , Fraturas do Ombro/diagnóstico , Fraturas do Ombro/fisiopatologia , Fraturas do Ombro/cirurgia , Lesões do Ombro , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: To try to improve the outcome of our TKAs, we started to use the CKS prosthesis. However, in a retrospective analysis this design tended to give worse results. We therefore conducted a randomized, controlled trial comparing this CKS prosthesis and our standard PFC prosthesis. Because many randomized studies between different TKA concepts generally fail to show superiority of a particular design, we hypothesized that these seemingly similar designs would not lead to any difference in clinical outcome. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 82 patients (90 knees) were randomly allocated to one or other prosthesis, and 39 CKS prostheses and 38 PFC prostheses could be followed for mean 5.6 years. No patients were lost to follow-up. At each follow-up, patients were evaluated clinically and radiographically, and the KSS, WOMAC, VAS patient satisfaction scores and VAS for pain were recorded. RESULTS: With total Knee Society score (KSS) as primary endpoint, there was a difference in favor of the PFC group at final follow-up (p = 0.04). Whereas there was one revision in the PFC group, there were 6 revisions in the CKS group (p = 0.1). The survival analysis with any reoperation as endpoint showed better survival in the PFC group (97% (95% CI: 92-100) for the PFC group vs. 79% (95% CI: 66-92) for the CKS group) (p = 0.02). INTERPRETATION: Our hypothesis that there would be no difference in clinical outcome was rejected in this study. The PFC system showed excellent results that were comparable to those in previous reports. The CKS design had differences that had considerable negative consequences clinically. The relatively poor results have discouraged us from using this design.
Assuntos
Artroplastia do Joelho , Prótese do Joelho , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Artroplastia do Joelho/efeitos adversos , Artroplastia do Joelho/métodos , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Articulação do Joelho/diagnóstico por imagem , Prótese do Joelho/efeitos adversos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Avaliação de Resultados em Cuidados de Saúde , Desenho de Prótese , Falha de Prótese , Radiografia , Amplitude de Movimento Articular , Reoperação , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
PURPOSE: The purpose of the study was to identify the earliest time point where subjects realized the greatest clinical improvement after TKA, and the time when post-operative scores became superior to pre-operative scores. Post-hoc exploratory analyses were conducted to investigate predictors of early post-operative outcomes and patient satisfaction. METHODS: Six investigators across 4 sites in the Netherlands prospectively implanted 200 subjects with a contemporary cemented rotating platform device. Patient Reported Outcome Measurements (PROMs) KOOS-PS, PKIP, and EQ-5D were collected pre-operatively and post-operatively through 2-years. PROMs change from pre-operative baseline were summarized, along with radiographic outcomes and adverse events (AEs). Pre-operative patient characteristics were explored for correlation with patient outcomes, and patient satisfaction for correlation with KOOS-PS. RESULTS: Follow-up compliance was 99% at 6-months, and 95.5% at 2-years. The percentage with higher KOOS-PS compared to baseline was 81.3% at 6-months. KOOS-PS, PKIP, and PKIP subscore means were all better at 6-weeks versus baseline. Gender, BMI, hypertension, and pre-operative KOOS-PS were weakly correlated with 6-week KOOS-PS (multivariate R-squared = 14.1%), but only pre-operative KOOS-PS demonstrated correlation with post-operative KOOS-PS at 6-months or later (R-squared < 5% at 6-months and 2 years). Satisfaction was moderately correlated with concurrent KOOS-PS at each post-operative time point, with (R-squared = 35.3% at 6-months, and 37.5% at 2 years). CONCLUSION: The greatest mean clinical improvement occurred within the first 6-weeks. Although some pre-operative factors were correlated with higher early post-operative KOOS-PS outcomes, these advantages disappeared by 6-months aside from weak correlation with pre-operative KOOS-PS. Post-operative KOOS-PS was moderately correlated with concurrent post-operative satisfaction. These results may be used for pre-operative counseling and management of patient's postoperative expectations. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT02339610 . Registered 15 January 2015.
RESUMO
In a randomised clinical trial in 50 patients with symptomatic osteoarthritis of the medial compartment of the knee, the clinical results of high tibial osteotomy (HTO) according to the open wedge osteotomy (OWO) and closed wedge osteotomy (CWO) were compared. In both groups locked plate fixation was used. Clinical and radiological assessments were performed preoperatively and after one year. Postoperative hip-knee-ankle (HKA) correction angles were monitored on standing leg X-rays. The effect of HTO on collateral laxity of the knee was measured with a specially designed varus-valgus device. The WOMAC osteoarthritis index, the modified knee society score (KS) and visual analogue scales (VAS) were used to assess symptoms of osteoarthritis, function, pain and patient satisfaction. At one-year follow-up we found accurate corrections in both groups and the planned correction angles were achieved. No loss of correction was observed. Furthermore, the medial collateral laxity and the patellar height significantly decreased after OWO. Significant improvements of WOMAC and KS scores were found in both groups. All patients had significantly less pain and were very satisfied with the results. Surgery time was significantly longer in the CWO group, and complications were more frequent in this group. Both techniques led to good and comparable clinical results. The choice of whether to perform an open or a closed wedge osteotomy may be based on preoperative patellar height or concomitant collateral laxity.
Assuntos
Artroplastia/métodos , Deformidades Articulares Adquiridas/cirurgia , Articulação do Joelho/cirurgia , Osteoartrite do Joelho/cirurgia , Osteotomia/métodos , Tíbia/cirurgia , Artroplastia/efeitos adversos , Artroplastia/instrumentação , Feminino , Humanos , Deformidades Articulares Adquiridas/etiologia , Deformidades Articulares Adquiridas/fisiopatologia , Instabilidade Articular/etiologia , Instabilidade Articular/fisiopatologia , Articulação do Joelho/patologia , Articulação do Joelho/fisiopatologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Osteoartrite do Joelho/complicações , Osteoartrite do Joelho/fisiopatologia , Osteotomia/efeitos adversos , Osteotomia/instrumentação , Dor/etiologia , Dor/fisiopatologia , Dor/cirurgia , Patela/diagnóstico por imagem , Patela/patologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Radiografia , Recuperação de Função Fisiológica , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Índice de Gravidade de DoençaRESUMO
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: In the reconstruction of unicondylar femoral bone defects with morselized bone grafts in revision total knee arthroplasty, a stem extension appears to be critical to obtain adequate mechanical stability. Whether stability is still assured by this reconstruction technique in bicondylar defects has not been assessed. The disadvantage of relatively stiff stem extensions is that bone resorption is promoted due to stress shielding. We therefore designed a stem that would permit axial sliding movements of the articulating part relative to the intramedullary stem. METHODS: This stem was used in the reconstruction with impaction bone grafting (IBG) of 5 synthetic distal femora with a bicondylar defect. A cyclically axial load was applied to the prosthetic condyles to assess the stability of the reconstruction. Radiostereometry was used to determine the migrations of the femoral component with a rigidly connected stem, a sliding stem, and no stem extension. RESULTS: We found a stable reconstruction of the bicondylar femoral defects with IBG in the case of a rigidly connected stem. After disconnecting the stem, the femoral component showed substantially more migrations. With a sliding stem, rotational migrations were similar to those of a rigidly connected stem. However, the sliding stem allowed proximal migration of the condylar component, thereby compressing the IBG. INTERPRETATION: The presence of a functional stem extension is important for the stability of a bicondylar reconstruction. A sliding stem provides adequate stability, while stress shielding is reduced because compressive contact forces are still transmitted to the distal femoral bone.
Assuntos
Artroplastia do Joelho , Transplante Ósseo , Artroplastia do Joelho/efeitos adversos , Artroplastia do Joelho/métodos , Fêmur/fisiologia , Fêmur/cirurgia , Prótese de Quadril , Humanos , Fotogrametria , Falha de Prótese , Reoperação , RotaçãoRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: It is fascinating for both the patient and the surgeon to predict the outcome of a TKA at an early stage. Satisfaction after TKA is primarily determined by the preoperative expectations of the patient. The purpose of this study was to investigate if the peri-operative expectations of the surgeon predicted the outcome of a TKA. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A prospective study of 53 primary TKAs was performed. Preoperatively, the surgeon described the assessment of the difficulty of the TKA on a VAS. Immediately postoperative, the surgeon gave his satisfaction VAS about the procedure. After 1 year the surgeon's satisfaction VAS, the patient's satisfaction VAS and the KSCRS were determined. RESULTS: The Spearman's correlation coefficients between the preoperative difficulty assessment, the immediate postoperative satisfaction and the outcome measurements after 1 year were all very poor (-0.01 to 0.23). CONCLUSIONS: The outcome of a TKA depends on multiple factors. Both the surgeon's preoperative assessment of the difficulty and the surgeon's immediate postoperative satisfaction do not independently predict the outcome of a TKA.
Assuntos
Artroplastia do Joelho , Atitude do Pessoal de Saúde , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Previsões , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Medição da Dor , Prognóstico , Estudos Prospectivos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Isolated degenerative osteoarthritis of the patellofemoral joint can be treated with a patellofemoral arthroplasty. Improvements in patellar resurfacing designs have resulted in diminished complication rates. We describe two cases of dislocation of the polyethylene bearing, which is an unusual complication of a mobile bearing metal-backed patellar component of a patellofemoral arthroplasty.
Assuntos
Artroplastia do Joelho/métodos , Artroplastia , Prótese do Joelho , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Osteoartrite do Joelho/cirurgia , Patela/cirurgia , Polietileno , Desenho de Prótese , Falha de PróteseRESUMO
The aim of this study was to compare the preoperative patients' expectations with their postoperative satisfaction after arthroplasties of the hip and knee, using a visual analogue scale. The comparison was made in a group of 44 patients after 44 primary knee and hip joint arthroplasties. A visual analogue scale (VAS) was used for the assessment of expectation and satisfaction. The mean preoperative expectation VAS was 14.8 (SD: 14.3). The mean patient satisfaction at time of follow up was 13.0 (SD : 21.1). We found no agreement in the preoperative patient's expectation satisfaction versus postoperative satisfaction (p = 0.66). Moreover in our study, the patients expected to be less satisfied than they actually were at follow-up, which is shown with the Bland and Altman method. It appears that patients are not capable of predicting the outcome of the joint arthroplasty, which could be influenced by negative preoperative information on complications and risks. Pain and functional disability are probably the most important factors for the patients' satisfaction after arthroplasty surgery.
Assuntos
Artroplastia , Satisfação do Paciente , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Articulação do Quadril/cirurgia , Humanos , Articulação do Joelho/cirurgia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Medição da Dor , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
The reverse shoulder prosthesis is designed for the treatment of glenohumeral arthritis with irreparable cuff arthropathy. Although it has given good short term results the prosthesis is not free of complications. In this case report we describe an implant-related complication.
Assuntos
Artrite/cirurgia , Prótese Articular , Articulação do Ombro/cirurgia , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Falha de Prótese , Manguito RotadorRESUMO
In an attempt to reduce health care expenses, regulated competition between health care providers has been introduced in The Netherlands. As for total hip and knee arthroplasties, health care providers have to publish their prices to make them available for the insurance companies and the public. Eventually, competition between health care providers should result in optimal care for lower prices. The purpose of this study was to define the patients' consciousness of the overall costs and specialist's fee for a total knee arthroplasty. Thirty-nine patients with a recent total knee arthroplasty were asked to estimate the total costs and the surgeon's fee of this procedure. The average overall cost of a total knee arthroplasty in our hospital was Euro 11.500. The orthopaedic surgeon's fee represents a non-negotiable 5% of these total costs. The mean estimate of the overall costs of a total knee arthroplasty by the patients was Euro 10.000 (range: Euro 600 to Euro 55.000). Only 26% of the patients (n = 10) gave an estimate within the accepted "correct" range of Euro 8.500 to Euro 14.500. The surgeon's fee was estimated at 32% (range: 5% to 75%) of the total costs and a majority reckoned the actual fraction of 5% was low. Patients have a poor notion of the overall costs of a total knee arthroplasty and strongly overestimate the specialist's fee. Whether the introduction of budget competition in health care may actually result in a decrease in health care costs remains to be seen.
Assuntos
Artroplastia do Joelho/economia , Honorários Médicos , Ortopedia/economia , Pacientes/psicologia , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Países BaixosRESUMO
BACKGROUND CONTEXT: A pedicle subtraction osteotomy can be considered as part of the surgical treatment of a symptomatic sagittal imbalance. The literature on the use of this technique is limited and thus far not applied to a rigid thoracolumbar hyperkyphosis. PURPOSE: To evaluate our preliminary results of a pedicle subtraction osteotomy as an adjunctive tool in the surgical treatment of thoracolumbar kyphotic deformities. STUDY DESIGN/SETTING: Case series METHODS: Eleven patients with a symptomatic kyphotic deformity were treated with a thoracolumbar pedicle subtraction osteotomy in combination with a multilevel correction. The mean follow-up was 42.8 months (range 26-105). The clinical outcome, radiographic correction, and perioperative complications were analyzed. The results in six more traditional indications (ankylosing spondylitis, kyphoscoliosis, congenital and posttraumatic deformity), were compared with the results in a subgroup of five cases with a rigid thoracolumbar hyperkyphosis. RESULTS: All patients had a kyphotic thoracolumbar junction. An average of 5.8 levels was involved in the corrective fusion. A pedicle subtraction was always performed between the level Th10 and L2 to correct the sagittal balance. A lordotic correction of 38.8 (range 25-49) degrees was established with this fusion. The osteotomy contributed 66% (26.9 degrees) of the correction, whereas the remaining correction came from multilevel facetectomies. The visual analogue scale for both pain and impairment improved significantly (p<.005) for the entire group. Statistical analysis on the results for both subgroups separately was inappropriate because of the small number of patients available; however, overall both subgroups appeared to do equally well. All patients were very satisfied with the result and would choose surgical treatment again. No major complications were encountered. CONCLUSIONS: A pedicle subtraction osteotomy is a technically demanding but well tolerated operative procedure for the correction of a kyphotic deformity. This technique can also be considered as an adjunctive tool in the surgical treatment of a rigid thoracolumbar (Scheuermann's) kyphosis.
Assuntos
Cifose/cirurgia , Vértebras Lombares/cirurgia , Osteotomia/métodos , Vértebras Torácicas/cirurgia , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Cifose/diagnóstico por imagem , Cifose/fisiopatologia , Lordose/diagnóstico por imagem , Lordose/fisiopatologia , Lordose/cirurgia , Vértebras Lombares/diagnóstico por imagem , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Osteotomia/efeitos adversos , Projetos Piloto , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Radiografia , Vértebras Torácicas/diagnóstico por imagem , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
BACKGROUND CONTEXT: Pronounced kyphosis of the thoracolumbar junction is a common orthopedic problem in adolescents and may require prolonged bracing therapy or correction spondylodesis. PURPOSE: To describe a case where a kyphotic deformity was related to gynecological instead of spine pathology. STUDY DESIGN: Case report. METHODS: A 17-year-old girl presented with a structural hyperkyphosis of the thoracolumbar spine and radiographic changes of the involved vertebral end plates. RESULTS: The thoracolumbar hyperkyphosis appeared to have evolved from a massive intra-abdominal ovarian cyst. Endoscopic paracentesis of the cyst resulted in a complete regression of the hyperkyphosis. CONCLUSIONS: A hyperkyphosis is not always related to spine pathology, and other potential causes must be excluded before bracing therapy is initiated.
Assuntos
Cifose/etiologia , Vértebras Lombares/patologia , Cistos Ovarianos/complicações , Vértebras Torácicas/patologia , Adolescente , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Feminino , Humanos , Vértebras Lombares/diagnóstico por imagem , Cistos Ovarianos/cirurgia , Radiografia , Doença de Scheuermann/patologia , Vértebras Torácicas/diagnóstico por imagemRESUMO
PURPOSE: To prospectively evaluate the diagnostic performance of magnetic-resonance-arthrography (MRA) by experienced musculoskeletal radiologists in patients with traumatic-anterior-shoulder-instability (TASI), after feedback protocol execution. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-five surgically confirmed MRA's were used to enhance personal feedback, to discuss differences in outcome between MRA assessment and surgical findings and to fine-tune definition interpretation agreement of 7 different TASI-related lesions, between experienced musculoskeletal radiologists and experienced orthopaedic shoulder surgeons. After execution of the feedback protocol 20 new, surgically confirmed, MRA's were assessed by 2 experienced musculoskeletal radiologists using a seven-lesion standardized scoring form. Kappa coefficients, sensitivity, specificity, and differences in percentage agreement or correct diagnosis (p-value, McNemar's test) were calculated per lesion and overall per 7 lesion types to assess whether diagnostic reproducibility and accuracy was improved. RESULTS: Per 7 lesion types, the overall kappa and percentage of agreement, between the 2 radiologists, were dramatically increased in comparison with our former study (k=0.81 versus k=0.48 and 90.7% versus 78.2%, respectively). The overall sensitivity of radiologist 1 increased from 45.9% to 87.8%, the overall sensitivity of radiologist 2 increased from 63.5% to 79.6% and the overall specificity of radiologist 2 increased from 80.1% to 85.7%. Furthermore, the overall percentage of correct diagnosis of both radiologist was also exceedingly higher (85.7% and 83.6%) compared to our former study (74.4% and 74.8%). CONCLUSION: The implementation of our feedback protocol dramatically improved the reproducibility and accuracy of high field MRA by experienced musculoskeletal radiologist in patients with traumatic anterior shoulder instability.
Assuntos
Artrografia , Competência Clínica , Instabilidade Articular/diagnóstico , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Articulação do Ombro/patologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Protocolos Clínicos , Feminino , Feedback Formativo , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Groin pain in young athletes is a common problem, accounting for significant downtime in sports participation. It can be difficult to make the correct diagnosis as groin pain has a wide differential diagnosis, which encompasses acute as well as chronic causative factors. In this article this is illustrated by presenting three cases of patients who attended our hospital. In all three cases the main complaint was sports-related groin pain, and the patients presented with very similar symptoms. However, after further investigation the patients were diagnosed with three very different types of injury: sportsman's hernia; hip labral tear; and pubic osteitis. This emphasises the need for every general practitioner and medical specialist to understand that there is a wide differential diagnosis for groin pain in athletes, in order to be able to implement specific therapy targeting the actual cause of groin pain.
Assuntos
Traumatismos em Atletas/complicações , Traumatismos em Atletas/diagnóstico , Dor Pélvica/diagnóstico , Dor Pélvica/etiologia , Adolescente , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Feminino , Virilha/patologia , Hérnia Inguinal/complicações , Hérnia Inguinal/diagnóstico , Articulação do Quadril/anormalidades , Humanos , Masculino , Osteíte/complicações , Osteíte/diagnóstico , Osso Púbico , Traumatismos dos Tendões/complicações , Traumatismos dos Tendões/diagnóstico , Adulto JovemRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Patient satisfaction becomes more important in our modern health care system. The assessment of satisfaction is difficult because it is a multifactorial item for which no golden standard exists. One of the potential methods of measuring satisfaction is by using the well-known visual analogue scale (VAS). In this study, we validated VAS for satisfaction. PATIENT AND METHODS: In this prospective study, we studied 147 patients (153 hips). The construct validity was measured using the Spearman correlation test that compares the satisfaction VAS with the Harris hip score, pain VAS at rest and during activity, Oxford hip score, Short Form 36 and Western Ontario McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index. The reliability was tested using the intra-class coefficient. RESULTS: The Pearson correlation test showed correlations in the range of 0.40-0.80. The satisfaction VAS had a high correlation between the pain VAS and Oxford hip score, which could mean that pain is one of the most important factors in patient satisfaction. The intra-class coefficient was 0.95. CONCLUSIONS: There is a moderate to mark degree of correlation between the satisfaction VAS and the currently available subjective and objective scoring systems. The intra-class coefficient of 0.95 indicates an excellent test-retest reliability. The VAS satisfaction is a simple instrument to quantify the satisfaction of a patient after total hip arthroplasty. In this study, we showed that the satisfaction VAS has a good validity and reliability.