RESUMO
The COVID-19 outbreak in China has been gradually controlled. At present, the management and risk assessment of asymptomatic infected cases has become an urgent problem to be addressed. Asymptomatic case is mainly detected by close contact screening, cluster epidemic investigation, infection source tracking investigation, and active detection of target population. Currently, research on the spread risk from asymptomatic cases was limited, and lacking the data relates to the distribution of asymptomatic cases in large community population. Pathogen detection using PCR is suitable for screening in close contacts of confirmed cases and should be started as early as possible. The antibody test is more suitable for screening in general population where the source of infection is unclear. The management of asymptomatic cases now in China focuses on isolation and medical observation according to the guideline of 'early detection, early report, early isolation and early treatment' .
RESUMO
Abstract Diagnosing cases of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) with only non-respiratory symptoms has been challenging. We reported the diagnosis of a child who tested positive for COVID-19 with abdominal pain/diarrhea and tracked his family cluster. One member of the family tested positive for COVID-19 on real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction assay and three other family members had anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Pneumonia Viral/diagnóstico , Infecções por Coronavirus/diagnóstico , Coronavirus/isolamento & purificação , Diarreia/diagnóstico , Pandemias , Faringite/etiologia , Dor Abdominal/etiologia , Análise por Conglomerados , Busca de Comunicante , Infecções por Coronavirus , Técnicas de Laboratório Clínico , Diarreia/etiologia , Febre/etiologia , BetacoronavirusRESUMO
Introducción: El incremento exponencial de casos confirmados con el nuevo coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 obligó a las autoridades de la Organización Mundial de la Salud a declarar como pandemia esta emergencia sanitaria. Objetivo: Caracterizar a niños y adultos confirmados con la COVID-19 desde los puntos de vista clínico y epidemiológico. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal de 74 pacientes confirmados con la COVID-19, quienes estuvieron ingresados en el Hospital Clinicoquirúrgico Docente Dr. Joaquín Castillo Duany de Santiago de Cuba, desde marzo hasta mayo de 2020. Los datos se obtuvieron de las historias clínicas de los afectados. Entre las variables analizadas figuraron: edad, sexo, letalidad, estado al egreso, lugar de procedencia de los casos e inicio de síntomas de la COVID-19 antes del ingreso hospitalario. Resultados: Se halló un predominio del sexo masculino (52,7 %). Hubo una tendencia al ingreso hospitalario de pacientes asintomáticos confirmados, de ellos 50,0 % del grupo de 1 a 17 años de edad; 94,5 % de los afectados egresaron vivos de la institución. Ningún niño fue notificado como grave o crítico. La tos (60,0 %), la fiebre (34,5 %) y la falta de aire (21,8 %) fueron las manifestaciones clínicas más referidas. Conclusiones: Con un enfoque biosocial se informa una primera experiencia en la atención a pacientes confirmados con la COVID-19 en Santiago de Cuba. El diagnóstico clínico y epidemiológico favoreció a registrar la mayor incidencia de esta enfermedad en adultos jóvenes sintomáticos e identificar otros pacientes que transmitieron el virus sin manifestar síntomas.
Introduction: The exponential increment of confirmed cases with the new coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 forced the authorities of the Health World Organization to declare as pandemic this health emergency. Objective: to characterize children and adults confirmed with the COVID-19 from the clinical and epidemiological points of view. Methods: An observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study of 74 patients confirmed with the COVID-19 who were admitted to Dr. Joaquín Castillo Duany Teaching Clinical Surgical Hospital was carried out in Santiago de Cuba, from March to May, 2020. The data were obtained from the medical records of the affected patients. Among the analyzed variables we have: age, sex, lethality, discharge state, place of origin of the cases and beginning of COVID-19 symptoms before admission to hospital. Results: A prevalence of the male sex (52.7 %) was found. There was a tendency to the hospital admission of confirmed asymptomatic patients, of them 50.0 % of the 1 to 17 age group; 94.5 % of the affected patients were alive when discharged of the institution. No kids were notified in serious or critical condition. Cough (60.0 %), fever (34.5 %) and breathlessness (21.8 %) were the most referred clinical features. Conclusions: With a biosocial approach a first experience is informed in the care to confirmed patients with COVID-19 in Santiago de Cuba. The clinical and epidemiological diagnosis favored to register the highest incidence in this disease in symptomatic young adults and to identify other patients that transmitted the virus without manifesting symptoms.