Hsa-miR-134-5p predicts cardiovascular risk in circulating mononuclear cells and improves angiogenic action of senescent endothelial progenitor cells.

This research explores the role of microRNA in senescence of human endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) induced by replication. Hsa-miR-134-5p was found up-regulated in senescent EPCs where overexpression improved angiogenic activity. Hsa-miR-134-5p, which targeted transforming growth factor ß-activated kinase 1-binding protein 1 (TAB1) gene, down-regulated TAB1 protein, and inhibited phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38) in hsa-miR-134-5p-overexpressed senescent EPCs. Treatment with siRNA specific to TAB1 (TAB1si) down-regulated TAB1 protein and subsequently inhibited p38 activation in senescent EPCs. Treatment with TAB1si and p38 inhibitor, respectively, showed angiogenic improvement. In parallel, transforming growth factor Beta 1 (TGF-ß1) was down-regulated in hsa-miR-134-5p-overexpressed senescent EPCs and addition of TGF-ß1 suppressed the angiogenic improvement. Analysis of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) disclosed expression levels of hsa-miR-134-5p altered in adult life, reaching a peak before 65 years, and then falling in advanced age. Calculation of the Framingham risk score showed the score inversely correlates with the hsa-miR-134-5p expression level. In summary, hsa-miR-134-5p is involved in the regulation of senescence-related change of angiogenic activity via TAB1-p38 signalling and via TGF-ß1 reduction. Hsa-miR-134-5p has a potential cellular rejuvenation effect in human senescent EPCs. Detection of human PBMC-derived hsa-miR-134-5p predicts cardiovascular risk.

Resveratrol prevents cognitive deficits induced by sleep deprivation via modulating sirtuin 1 associated pathways in the hippocampus.

Accumulating evidence confirms that sleep insufficiency is a high risk factor for cognitive impairment, which involves inflammation and synaptic dysfunction. Resveratrol, an agonist of the Sirt1, has demonstrated anti-inflammation and neuroprotective effects in models of Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and schizophrenia. However, the beneficial effects of resveratrol on sleep deprivation-induced cognitive deficits and its underlying molecular mechanisms are unclear. In the present study, thirty-two male C57BL/6 J mice were randomly divided into a Control+DMSO group, Control+Resveratrol group, SD+DMSO group, and SD+Resveratrol group. The mice in the SD+Resveratrol group underwent 5 days of sleep deprivation after pretreatment with resveratrol (50 mg/kg) for 2 weeks, while the mice in the SD+DMSO group only underwent sleep deprivation. After sleep deprivation, we evaluated spatial learning and memory function using the Morris water maze test. We used general molecular biology techniques to detect changes in levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and Sirt1/miR-134 pathway-related synaptic plasticity proteins. We found that resveratrol significantly reversed sleep deprivation-induced learning and memory impairment, elevated interleukin-1ß, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α levels, and decreased brain-derived neurotrophic factor, tyrosine kinase receptor B, postsynaptic density protein-95, and synaptophysin levels by activating the Sirt1/miR-134 pathway. In conclusion, resveratrol is a promising agent for preventing sleep deprivation-induced cognitive dysfunction by reducing pro-inflammatory cytokines and improving synaptic function via the Sirt1/miR-134 pathway.

Diagnostic value and clinical significance of serum miR-134-5p combined with uterine artery color Doppler ultrasound parameters in endometriosis.

OBJECTIVE: To exploit the combination diagnostic performance of serum microRNA-134-5p (miR-134-5p) and color Doppler ultrasound in patients with endometriosis patients. METHODS: Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis was applied to measure relative abundance of miR-134-5p in serum of patients with endometriosis and gynecological benign diseases. Calculation of uterine artery blood flow parameters was conducted using Color Doppler ultrasound. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was established to evaluate the diagnostic capacity of miR-134-5p and Doppler parameters. Kaplan-Meier method was used for the analysis of recurrence-free survival rate. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, serum miR-134-5p expression was remarkably diminished in endometriosis patients (P < 0.001). End-diastolic velocity (EDV) and peak systolic velocity (PSV) were notably decreased in endometriosis patients compared with the control group (P < 0.001), while pulsatility index (PI) and resistance index (RI) were distinctly increased (P < 0.001). Serum miR-134-5p expression was positively correlated with EDV (r = 0.5777, P < 0.0001) and PSV (r = 0.6945, P < 0.0001), but negatively correlated with PI (r=-0.6382, P < 0.0001) and RI (r=-0.6247, P < 0.0001). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of serum miR-134-5p combined with Doppler parameters was 0.905, with the sensitivity of 87.40%, and the specificity of 82.29%. The recurrence-free survival time was shorter in patients with low miR-134-5p expression than those with high miR-134-5p expression (P = 0.013). CONCLUSION: A better diagnostic value of endometriosis detection could be obtained when serum miR-134-5p was combined with Doppler parameters.

LncRNA NEAT1 targets miR-125/ADAM9 mediated NF-κB pathway in inflammatory response of rosacea.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of NEAT1 targeted regulation of miR-125/ADAM9 mediated NF-κB pathway in inflammatory response in rosacea. METHOD: HaCaT cell rosacea phenotype was induced by LL37. The connection targeted by NEAT1 and miR-125a-5p was confirmed by Double-Luciferase report analysis. qPCR was employed to assess the levels of expression for NEAT1, miR-125a-5p, and ADAM9 genes. The levels of expression for ADAM9/TLR2/NF-κB P65 pathway proteins in each batch of cells were determined by Western blotting. The levels of expression for inflammatory factors, including TNF-α, IL-1ß, IL-6, and IL-18, were measured through ELISA experimentation. RESULTS: LL37 could successfully induce HaCaT cells to exhibit rosacea phenotype. The luciferase report experiment confirmed that NEAT1 could target and bind miR-125a-5p and inhibit its expression. ADAM9 exhibited increased expression in LL37-induced HaCaT cells, showing a positive association with NEAT1 expression and inverse relationship with miR-125a-5p activation. LL37 treatment promoted the expression of ADAM9/TLR2/NF-κB P65 pathway proteins. Silencing ADAM9 can inhibit the inflammatory signaling pathway and reduce the level of TNF-α, IL-1ß, IL-6, and IL-18 in HaCaT cells. CONCLUSION: NEAT1 can suppress the production of miR-125a-5p and activate the TLR2/NF-κB inflammatory pathway mediated by ADAM9, thereby promoting the inflammatory response in rosacea.

Blood-derived microRNAs are related to cognitive domains in the general population.

INTRODUCTION: Blood-derived microRNAs (miRNAs) are potential candidates for detecting and preventing subclinical cognitive dysfunction. However, replication of previous findings and identification of novel miRNAs associated with cognitive domains, including their relation to brain structure and the pathways they regulate, are still lacking. METHODS: We examined blood-derived miRNAs and miRNA co-expression clusters in relation to cognitive domains, structural magnetic resonance imaging measures, target gene expression, and genetic variants in 2869 participants of a population-based cohort. RESULTS: Five previously identified and 14 novel miRNAs were associated with cognitive domains. Eleven of these were also associated with cortical thickness and two with hippocampal volume. Multi-omics analysis showed that certain identified miRNAs were genetically influenced and regulated genes in pathways like neurogenesis and synapse assembly. DISCUSSION: We identified miRNAs associated with cognitive domains, brain regions, and neuronal processes affected by aging and neurodegeneration, making them promising candidate blood-based biomarkers or therapeutic targets of subclinical cognitive dysfunction. HIGHLIGHTS: We investigated the association of blood-derived microRNAs with cognitive domains. Five previously identified and 14 novel microRNAs were associated with cognition. Eleven cognition-related microRNAs were also associated with cortical thickness. Identified microRNAs were linked to genes associated with neuronal functions. Results provide putative biomarkers or therapeutic targets of cognitive aging.

miR-134-5p inhibits osteoclastogenesis through a novel miR-134-5p/Itgb1/MAPK pathway.

Osteoporosis affects approximately 200 million people and severely affects quality of life, but the exact pathological mechanisms behind this disease remain unclear. Various miRNAs have been shown to play a predominant role in the regulation of osteoclast formation. In this study, we explored the role of miR-134-5p in osteoclastogenesis both in vivo and in vitro. We constructed an ovariectomized (OVX) mouse model and performed microarray analysis using bone tissue from OVX mice and their control counterparts. Quantitative RT-PCR data from bone tissue and bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) confirmed the decreased expression of miR-134-5p in OVX mice observed in microarray analysis. In addition, a decrease in miR-134-5p was also observed during induced osteoclastogenesis of BMMs collected from C57BL/6N mice. Through transfection with miR-134-5p agomirs and antagomirs, we found that miR-134-5p knockdown significantly accelerated osteoclast formation and cell proliferation and inhibited apoptosis. Furthermore, a luciferase reporter assay showed that miR-134-5p directly targets the integrin surface receptor gene Itgb1. Cotransfection with Itgb1 siRNA reversed the effect of the miR-134-5p antagomir in promoting osteoclastogenesis. Moreover, the abundance levels of MAPK pathway proteins phosphorylated-p38 (p-p38) and phosphorylated-ERK (p-ERK) were significantly increased after transfection with the miR-134-5p antagomir but decreased after transfection with the miR-134-5p agomir or Itgb1 siRNA, which indicated a potential relationship between the miR-134-5p/Itgb1 axis and the MAPK pathway. Collectively, these results revealed that miR-134-5p inhibits osteoclast differentiation of BMMs both in vivo and in vitro and that the miR-134-5p/Itgb1/MAPK pathway might be a potential target for osteoporosis therapy.

Spinal microRNA-134-5p targets glutamate receptor ionotropic kainate 3 to modulate opioid induced hyperalgesia in mice.

Background: Fentanyl and its analogs are extensively used for pain relief. However, their paradoxically pronociceptive effects often lead to increased opioids consumption and risk of chronic pain. Compared to other synthetic opioids, remifentanil has been strongly linked to acute opioid hyperalgesia after exposure [remifentanil-induced hyperalgesia (RIH)]. The epigenetic regulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) on targeted mRNAs has emerged as an important pathogenesis in pain. The current research aimed at exploring the significance and contributions of miR-134-5p to the development of RIH. Methods: Both the antinociceptive and pronociceptive effects of two commonly used opioids were assessed, and miRNA expression profiles in the spinal dorsal horn (SDH) of mice acutely exposed to remifentanil and remifentanil equianalgesic dose (RED) sufentanil were screened. Next, the candidate miRNA level, cellular distribution, and function were examined by qPCR, fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) and Argonaute-2 immunoprecipitation. Furthermore, bioinformatics analysis, luciferase assays, miRNA overexpression, behavioral tests, golgi staining, electron microscopy, whole-cell patch-clamp recording, and immunoblotting were employed to investigate the potential targets and mechanisms underlying RIH. Results: Remifentanil induced significant pronociceptive effects and a distinct miRNA-profile from sufentanil when compared to saline controls. Among top 30 differentially expressed miRNAs spectrum, spinal miR-134-5p was dramatically downregulated in RIH mice but remained comparative in mice subjected to sufentanil. Moreover, Glutamate Receptor Ionotropic Kainate 3 (Grik3) was a target of miR-134-5p. The overexpression of miR-134-5p attenuated the hyperalgesic phenotype, excessive dendritic spine remodeling, excitatory synaptic structural plasticity, and Kainate receptor-mediated miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs) in SDH resulting from remifentanil exposure. Besides, intrathecal injection of selective KA-R antagonist was able to reverse the GRIK3 membrane trafficking and relieved RIH. Conclusion: The miR-134-5p contributes to remifentanil-induced pronociceptive features via directly targeting Grik3 to modulate dendritic spine morphology and synaptic plasticity in spinal neurons.

Circ_0002111/miR-134-5p/FSTL1 signal axis regulates tumor progression and glycolytic metabolism in papillary thyroid carcinoma cells.

BACKGROUND: Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have essential roles in the malignant progression of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). Circ_0002111 was reported to facilitate cell proliferation and invasion abilities in PTC. This study was performed to explore the regulatory mechanism of circ_0002111 in PTC progression. METHODS: Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used for the level detection of circ_0002111, microRNA-134-5p (miR-134-5p) and Follistatin Like 1 (FSTL1). Cell proliferation was assessed by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-y1)-2, 5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, EdU assay and colony formation assay. Cell migration ability was determined by transwell assay. Glycolysis was analyzed by extracellular acidification rate (ECAR), oxygen consumption rate (OCR), glucose consumption and lactate production. The protein quantification was performed through western blot. Xenograft tumor assay was used for the functional analysis of circ_0002111 in vivo. The target interaction was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA pull-down assay. RESULTS: The significant upregulation of circ_0002111 was detected in PTC samples and cells. PTC cell proliferation, migration and glycolytic metabolism were suppressed after circ_0002111 downregulation. PTC tumorigenesis in vivo was also inhibited by circ_0002111 knockdown. In addition, circ_0002111 could target miR-134-5p and si-circ_0002111#1-induced inhibition of PTC progression was relieved by miR-134-5p expression downregulation. Furthermore, FSTL1 was a target gene for miR-134-5p and miR-134-5p served as a tumor repressor in PTC by targeting FSTL1. Moreover, circ_0002111 could increase the FSTL1 level via sponging miR-134-5p. CONCLUSION: All results indicated that circ_0002111 promoted the malignant behaviors of PTC cells partly by regulating the miR-134-5p/FSTL1 molecular network.

CircDLGAP4 induces autophagy and improves endothelial cell dysfunction in atherosclerosis by targeting PTPN4 with miR-134-5p.

OBJECTIVE: Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a new subgroup of non-coding RNAs in the human transcriptome, are crucial in atherosclerosis (AS). Here, a newly identified circRNA circDLGAP4 was demonstrated to be downregulated in oxidized forms of low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced HUVECs. METHODS: This research adopted ox-LDL to stimulate human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) to mimic AS in vitro. To further validate the protective action of circDLGAP4 in AS, a mouse model of AS was constructed with a high-fat diet. Functional assays evaluated circDLGAP4 role in AS in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, mechanism assays evaluated association of circDLGAP4/miR-134-5p/PTPN4. RESULTS: CircDLGAP4 was induced to promote cell proliferative behavior and autophagy, inhibit apoptotic and inflammatory activities in ox-LDL-treated HUVECs, and attenuated endothelial barrier function. CircDLGAP4 regulated PTPN4 by directly targeting miR-134-5p. Meanwhile, inhibiting miR-134-5p reduced ox-LDL-induced cell dysfunction. Knockout of PTPN4 reversed circDLGAP4 overexpression or miR-134-5p downregulation in vitro. In addition, reducing circDLGAP4 or overexpressing miR-134-5p increased the red atherosclerotic plaque and lesion area of AS mice, reduced autophagy level, and promoted the release of inflammatory cytokines. CONCLUSION: This study extends the role of circRNA in AS by inducing autophagy and improving endothelial dysfunction in AS via the circDLGAP4/miR-134-5p/PTPN4 axis.

Self-assembled miR-134-5p inhibitor nanoparticles ameliorate experimental bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) via suppressing ferroptosis.

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic lung disease in premature infants with increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ferroptosis. Herein, we designed a peptide-based nanoparticle to deliver therapeutic molecules to pulmonary, thereby ameliorating BPD. The BPD-induced damages of lung tissues were detected by H&E and immunohistochemistry staining. Inflammatory cytokines, Fe2+, and ROS levels were quantified by the indicated kits, respectively. The targeting relationship was verified by luciferase reporter assay and pull-down assay. Subsequently, self-assembled miR-134-5p inhibitor nanoparticles with pulmonary epithelial cell-targeting were synthesized. The characteristics were detected by transmission electron microscopy, luminescence imaging, and dynamic light scattering. A significant ferroptosis was observed in the BPD mice. The protein level of GPX4 was decreased significantly compared to the control group. Constantly, miR-134-5p showed positive regulation on ferroptosis by targeting GPX4. The designed nanoparticles were mainly accumulated in the lung region. Besides, it ameliorated experimental bronchopulmonary dysplasia via suppressing ferroptosis, in vivo and in vitro. Our findings provided a miR-134-5p/GPX4 axis in regulating ferroptosis of BPD and prompted the potential of applying the peptide-based nanoparticle to BPD treatment.

Long non-coding RNA KCNQ1OT1 promotes proliferation, migration and invasion via targeting miR-134 in retinoblastoma.

BACKGROUND: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) exert a significant role in carcinogenesis. lncRNA KCNQ1OT1 is detected in many tumors and is considered as an oncogene. The expression and mechanism of KCNQ1OT1 in retinoblastoma (Rb) are not clearly elucidated. METHODS: KCNQ1OT1, miR-134 and TRIM44 mRNA expression were examined by a quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Proliferation, migration and invasion of Weri-Rb1 and Y79 cells were tested by cell counting kit-8, colony formation, scratch and transwell assays. Meanwhile, the regulatory relationships among KCNQ1OT1, miR-134 and TRIM44 were clarified by several biological experiments, including dual-luciferase reporter assay, RNA immunoprecipitation, subcellular distribution, qRT-PCR and western blotting. RESULTS: lncRNA KCNQ1OT1 was up-regulated in Rb tissues and Rb cell lines. In addition, the expression of KCNQ1OT1 was negatively correlated with the disease-free survival rate of RB patients. Silencing KCNQ1OT1 could significantly inhibit the RB progression in vivo and in vitro. The analysis of the mechanism of KCNQ1OT1 showed that KCNQ1OT1 can sponge miR-134, and miR-134 may inhibit TRIM44 expression. Moreover, the rescue assays showed that KCNQ1OT1 promoted RB progression by regulating the miR-134/TRIM44 pathway. CONCLUSIONS: The present study indicates that a new KCNQ1OT1/miR-134/TRIM44 pathway regulates Rb progression. It may be used as a potential prognostic marker for Rb.

Long non-coding RNA SNHG7 upregulates FGF9 to alleviate oxygen and glucose deprivation-induced neuron cell injury in a miR-134-5p-dependent manner.

Long non-coding RNA small nucleolar RNA host gene 7 (SNHG7) was reported to regulate the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke. The study aimed to disclose SNHG7 role in oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD)-induced Neuro-2a (N2a) cell disorders. An OGD injury cell model was established using N2a cells. The expression of SNHG7, microRNA-134-5p (miR-134-5p) and fibroblast growth factor 9 (FGF9) was determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Protein expression was detected by western blot. Cell viability and Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage were determined by cell counting kit-8 and LDH activity detection assays. Oxidative stress was investigated by Superoxide Dismutase and Catalase activity assays as well as Malondialdehyde and Reactive Oxygen Species detection kits. Cell apoptosis and caspase-3 activity were severally demonstrated by flow cytometry and caspase-3 activity assays. The interaction between miR-134-5p and SNHG7 or FGF9 was predicted by online databases, and identified by mechanism assays. OGD treatment decreased SNHG7 and FGF9 expression, but increased miR-134-5p expression. OGD treatment repressed cell viability, promoted LDH leakage and induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in N2a cells, which was rescued by SNHG7 overexpression. SNHG7 acted as a sponge for miR-134-5p, and regulated OGD-triggered cell damage by associating with miR-134-5p. Additionally, miR-134-5p depletion protected N2a cells from OGD-induced injury by targeting FGF9. Ectopic SNHG7 expression protected against OGD-induced neuronal cell injury by inducing FGF9 through sponging miR-134-5p, providing a novel therapeutic target for ischemic stroke.

Exosome miR-134-5p restrains breast cancer progression via regulating PI3K/AKT pathway by targeting ARHGAP1.

AIM: Exosomes has been shown to be involved in the regulation of cancer progression. However, the role of exosome miR-134-5p in breast cancer (BC) progression is unclear. METHODS: Exosomes were extracted from BC cells (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231) using differential centrifugation and were observed by transmission electron microscope (TEM). The protein levels of exosome markers, apoptosis markers, Rho GTPase activating protein 1 (ARHGAP1, an important oncogene in BC) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) markers were detected by western blot (WB) assay. Quantitative real-time PCR was used to measure the expression levels of miR-134-5p and ARHGAP1. Cell cycle and apoptosis, colony number, viability, migration, and invasion were determined by flow cytometry, colony formation assay, MTT assay, and transwell assay, respectively. The interaction between miR-134-5p and ARHGAP1 was confirmed using a dual-luciferase reporter assay. Xenograft models were constructed to verify the role of exosome miR-134-5p in BC tumor growth in vivo. RESULTS: MiR-134-5p was lowly expressed in BC cells and in the exosomes of BC cells. Overexpressed exosome miR-134-5p suppressed the proliferation, migration, invasion, and promoted the apoptosis of BC cells. ARHGAP1 was a target of miR-134-5p, and its silencing could inhibit BC progression. In addition, ARHGAP1 overexpression could reverse the negative regulation of miR-134-5p on BC progression. MiR-134-5p could target ARHGAP1 to inhibit the activity of PI3K/AKT pathway. Exosome miR-134-5p overexpression could suppress BC tumor growth via targeting ARHGAP1 in vivo. CONCLUSION: Exosome miR-134-5p restrained BC progression through regulating ARHGAP1/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, suggesting that miR-134-5p might be a therapeutic target for BC.

An Enriched Environment Leads to Increased Synaptic Plasticity-Associated miRNA Levels after Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: In subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), impairments in motor and cognitive functions may occur and continue in later periods. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that can directly or indirectly affect synaptic reconstruction. mir-132, mir-134, and mir-138 are the leading miRNAs that can be effective on some neurological functions through its effects on synaptic plasticity in the relevant brain areas. In our study, it was aimed to determine the levels of miRNAs in the hippocampus and frontal lobe of rats exposed to different environmental conditions after the experimental SAH. METHODS: SAH was created using the cisterna magna double blood-injection method. Brain tissues were collected at different times after the last blood injection. Rats were grouped according to the different environmental conditions in which they were kept. Expression levels of miRNAs were performed by qPCR and ultrastructural changes in samples were determined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). RESULTS: After SAH, miR-132, miR-134, and miR-138 expressions in the frontal lobes of rats increased in impoverished environment on the 7th day and in the enriched environment on the 14th day. It was observed that the myelin and microtubule structures in the axons that were disrupted after SAH were more organized and stable in the enriched environment. CONCLUSIONS: After SAH, different environmental conditions may affect the miRNA levels associated with synaptic plasticity and microtubule organization in the frontal lobe, and this might have some effects especially on cognitive and motor functions related to this brain area.

Mechanisms for propofol in inhibiting the proliferation and invasion of glioma U87 cells and its effect on miR-134 expression. / å¼‚ä¸™é šæŠ‘åˆ¶èƒ¶è´¨ç˜¤U87ç»†èƒžå¢žæ®–å’Œä¾µè¢­çš„ä½œç”¨æœºåˆ¶åŠå ¶å¯¹miR-134表达的影响.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the effects of propofol on the proliferation and invasion of glioma U87 cells and to explore the possible anti-tumor mechanisms. METHODS: The glioma U87 cells was divided into a blank group, a positive control group, and the propofol groups (1.00, 2.00 or 5.00 mmol/L). Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) was used to detect cell proliferation; Transwell method was used to detect the effect of propofol on invasion and migration of U87 cells; real-time PCR was used to detect the expression of microRNA-134 (miR-134); Western blotting was used to detect the expression levels of reproduction-related protein Ki-67, invasion-related protein metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway-related protein. RESULTS: Compared with the blank group, the proliferation, invasion and migration capacity of U87 cells were reduced in the positive control group and the propofol groups after 48 hours (all P<0.05), along with the decreased expression of Ki-67, MMP-2 and MMP-9 and the ratio of p-PI3K/PI3K and p-Akt/Akt (all P<0.05), while the level of miR-134 was increased significantly (P<0.05). Compared with the positive control group and the 1.00 mmol/L propofol-treated group, the proliferation, invasion and migration capacity of U87 cells, the expression of Ki-67, MMP-2 and MMP-9, and the ratio of p-PI3K/PI3K and p-Akt/Akt was decreased significantly after 48 hours (all P<0.05), while the level of miR-134 was increased significantly in the 2.00 and 5.00 mmol/L propofol-treated groups (both P<0.05). Compared with the 2.00 mmol/L propofol-treated group, the proliferation, invasion and migration capacity of U87 cells, the expression of Ki-67, MMP-2 and MMP-9, and the ratio of p-PI3K/PI3K and p-Akt/Akt was decreased significantly after 48 hours in the 5.00 mmol/L propofol-treated group (all P<0.05), while the level of miR-134 was increased significantly (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Propofol can decrease the proliferation rate, and the invasion and migration abilities of U87 cells, which may be achieved by up-regulation of miR-134 and suppression of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

LINC00470 promotes tumour proliferation and invasion, and attenuates chemosensitivity through the LINC00470/miR-134/Myc/ABCC1 axis in glioma.

Glioma is the most common primary malignant tumour in the brain; temozolomide (TMZ) is the most prevalent chemotherapeutic drug currently used to combat this cancer. We reported previously that the long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 470 (LINC00470) is a novel prognostic biomarker for glioma and promotes the tumour growth in an intracranial transplantation mouse model. However, the effects of LINC00470 on glioma cell proliferation, invasion and TMZ chemosensitivity, as well as its molecular mechanism, remain unclear. In this study, we found elevated expression levels of LINC00470 and MYC in glioma tissues and cells and decreased expression of microRNA-134 (miR-134). Functional studies have shown that LINC00470 promotes proliferation and invasion, and attenuates chemosensitivity of glioma cells, while miR-134 exerts the opposite effect. In the rescue experiments, the tumorigenic effect of LINC00470 was offset by miR-134. In the mechanism study, we found that LINC00470 was a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) of miR-134 and that miR-134 can directly target MYC and negatively regulate its expression. Furthermore, MYC was positively correlated with ATP-binding cassette subfamily C member 1 (ABCC1) expression in glioma cells and MYC up-regulated ABCC1 expression. Further studies found that LINC00470 regulated MYC by sponging miR-134 to regulate the expression of ABCC1. We concluded that LINC00470 promoted the expression of MYC and ABCC1 by suppressing miR-134, thus promoting glioma cell proliferation and invasion, and attenuating TMZ chemosensitivity. Moreover, the LINC00470/miR-134/MYC/ABCC1 axis constitutes a potential therapeutic target.

The microRNA miR-134-5p induces calcium deposition by inhibiting histone deacetylase 5 in vascular smooth muscle cells.

Calcium deposition in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is a form of ectopic ossification in blood vessels. It can result in rigidity of the vasculature and an increase in cardiac events. Here, we report that the microRNA miR-134-5p potentiates inorganic phosphate (Pi)-induced calcium deposition in VSMCs by inhibiting histone deacetylase 5 (HDAC5). Using miRNA microarray analysis of Pi-treated rat VSMCs, we first selected miR-134-5p for further evaluation. Quantitative RT-PCR confirmed that miR-134-5p was increased in Pi-treated A10 cells, a rat VSMC line. Transfection of miR-134-5p mimic potentiated the Pi-induced increase in calcium contents. miR-134-5p increased the amounts of bone runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) protein and bone morphogenic protein 2 (BMP2) mRNA in the presence of Pi but decreased the expression of osteoprotegerin (OPG). Bioinformatic analysis showed that the HDAC5 3'untranslated region (3'UTR) was one of the targets of miR-134-5p. The luciferase construct containing the 3'UTR of HDAC5 was down-regulated by miR-134-5p mimic in a dose-dependent manner in VSMCs. Overexpression of HDAC5 mitigated the calcium deposition induced by miR-134-5p. Our results suggest that a Pi-induced increase of miR-134-5p may cause vascular calcification through repression of HDAC5.

Circular RNA circDLGAP4 exerts neuroprotective effects via modulating miR-134-5p/CREB pathway in Parkinson's disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease which is characterized by the substantia nigra dopaminergic neurons denatured. Circular RNA (circRNA) DLGAP4 (circDLGAP4) was found to have neuroprotective effect. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether circDLGAP4 participates in the progression of PD. Here, our results showed that circDLGAP4 expression was decreased in MPTP-induced PD mouse model and MPP+-induced PD cell models. In vitro study revealed that circDLGAP4 could promote viability, reduce apoptosis, decrease mitochondrial damage, enhance autophagy and thereby attenuated the neurotoxic effects of MPP+ in SH-SY5Y and MN9D cells. Further research suggested that circDLGAP4 exerted its functions via regulating miR-134-5p. Moreover, we demonstrated that CREB was a target of miR-134-5p and CREB expression could be regulated by circDLGAP4/miR-134-5p axis. CircDLGAP4/miR-134-5p could also modulate the activation of CREB signaling and thereby influence the expression of CREB target genes including BDNF, Bcl-2 and PGC-1α in SH-SY5Y and MN9D cells. In all, our study identifies that circDLGAP4 exerts neuroprotective effects via modulating miR-134-5p/CREB pathway both in human and mouse.

MiR-134-5p targeting XIAP modulates oxidative stress and apoptosis in cardiomyocytes under hypoxia/reperfusion-induced injury.

MicroRNA-134-5p (MiR-134-5p) has been proposed as a promising novel biomarker for the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, the biological role of miR-134-5p in ischemic cardiomyocytes has been little disclosed yet. Expression of miR-134-5p and X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) was detected using RT-qPCR and western blot. Oxidative stress and cell apoptosis were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazole-2-y1)-2, 5-biphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay, flow cytometry, western blot, and terminal-deoxynucleoitidyl transferase-mediated nick end labeling (TUNEL). The interaction between miR-134-5p and XIAP was confirmed by luciferase reporter assay. Expression of miR-134-5p was upregulated in serum of AMI patients and hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced cardiomyocytes (AC16 and HCM). MiR-134-5p downregulation could inhibit H/R-mediated release of lactic dehydrogenase enzyme (LDH) and malondialdehyde (MDA), and promote superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) levels. Meanwhile, cell viability was increased, while the apoptosis rate and TUNEL positive cells were inhibited by miR-134-5p downregulation in H/R-treated AC16 and HCM cells. Mechanically, XIAP was downregulated and targeted by miR-134-5p in H/R-induced cardiomyocytes in vitro. Overexpression of XIAP inhibited oxidative stress and cell apoptosis in H/R-treated AC16 and HCM cells, which was similar to miR-134-5p knockdown. Moreover, downregulation of XIAP could partially reverse the effect of miR-134-5p knockdown in H/R-induced cardiomyocytes. Knockdown of miR-134-5p protected cardiomyocytes from H/R-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis in vitro through targeting XIAP.

SMAD6, positively regulated by the DNM3OS-miR-134-5p axis, confers promoting effects to cell proliferation, migration and EMT process in retinoblastoma.

BACKGROUND: Retinoblastoma (RB) is acknowledged to be the commonest intraocular malignancy in infants and children and the outcome of RB patients is unfavorable due to limited early diagnosis and effective therapy. SMAD family member 6 (SMAD6) has been reported in the initiation and progression of human cancers by acting as a biological participant. However, the role of SMAD6 in RB has not been illustrated yet. METHODS: The expression of SMAD6 mRNA, miR-134-5p and DNM3OS was measured by RT-qPCR. SMAD6 protein levels were measured by western blot. The effects of SMAD6 depletion on RB cells were analyzed using CCK-8 and transwell assays. The key proteins related to epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) was determined by western blot. The localization of DNM3OS was detected by nuclear/cytoplasmic assay. In addition, the direct interaction between miR-134-5p and SMAD6 or DNM3OS was confirmed with the application of dual-luciferase reporter assay. RESULTS: SMAD6 was upregulated in RB tissue samples and cell lines, and silencing SMAD6 suppressed cell proliferation, migration and EMT in RB. Mechanically, SMAD6 was positively regulated by lncRNA DNM3OS through competitively interacting with miR-134-5p. DNM3OS contributed to RB progression by SMAD6-mediated manner. CONCLUSIONS: This research unmasked a novel DNM3OS/miR-134-5p/SMAD6 pathway in RB, which might make contribution to treatment of RB.