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1.
Annu Rev Immunol ; 37: 439-456, 2019 04 26.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31026415

RESUMO

Monocytes are innate blood cells that maintain vascular homeostasis and are early responders to pathogens in acute infections. There are three well-characterized classes of monocytes: classical (CD14+CD16- in humans and Ly6Chi in mice), intermediate (CD14+CD16+ in humans and Ly6C+Treml4+ in mice), and nonclassical (CD14-CD16+ in humans and Ly6Clo in mice). Classical monocytes are critical for the initial inflammatory response. Classical monocytes can differentiate into macrophages in tissue and can contribute to chronic disease. Nonclassical monocytes have been widely viewed as anti-inflammatory, as they maintain vascular homeostasis. They are a first line of defense in recognition and clearance of pathogens. However, their roles in chronic disease are less clear. They have been shown to be protective as well as positively associated with disease burden. This review focuses on the state of the monocyte biology field and the functions of monocytes, particularly nonclassical monocytes, in health and disease.


Assuntos
Artrite Reumatoide/imunologia , Aterosclerose/imunologia , Vasos Sanguíneos/fisiologia , Monócitos/imunologia , Infarto do Miocárdio/imunologia , Animais , Autoimunidade , Hematopoese , Homeostase , Humanos , Inflamação , Camundongos
2.
Cell ; 187(12): 3120-3140.e29, 2024 Jun 06.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38714197

RESUMO

Non-hematopoietic cells are essential contributors to hematopoiesis. However, heterogeneity and spatial organization of these cells in human bone marrow remain largely uncharacterized. We used single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to profile 29,325 non-hematopoietic cells and discovered nine transcriptionally distinct subtypes. We simultaneously profiled 53,417 hematopoietic cells and predicted their interactions with non-hematopoietic subsets. We employed co-detection by indexing (CODEX) to spatially profile over 1.2 million cells. We integrated scRNA-seq and CODEX data to link predicted cellular signaling with spatial proximity. Our analysis revealed a hyperoxygenated arterio-endosteal neighborhood for early myelopoiesis, and an adipocytic localization for early hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). We used our CODEX atlas to annotate new images and uncovered mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC) expansion and spatial neighborhoods co-enriched for leukemic blasts and MSCs in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patient samples. This spatially resolved, multiomic atlas of human bone marrow provides a reference for investigation of cellular interactions that drive hematopoiesis.


Assuntos
Medula Óssea , Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas , Células-Tronco Mesenquimais , Proteômica , Análise de Célula Única , Transcriptoma , Humanos , Análise de Célula Única/métodos , Medula Óssea/metabolismo , Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/metabolismo , Células-Tronco Mesenquimais/metabolismo , Células-Tronco Mesenquimais/citologia , Proteômica/métodos , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/metabolismo , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/genética , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/patologia , Hematopoese , Nicho de Células-Tronco , Células da Medula Óssea/metabolismo , Células da Medula Óssea/citologia
3.
Cell ; 187(11): 2855-2874.e19, 2024 May 23.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38657603

RESUMO

Progress in understanding early human development has been impeded by the scarcity of reference datasets from natural embryos, particularly those with spatial information during crucial stages like gastrulation. We conducted high-resolution spatial transcriptomics profiling on 38,562 spots from 62 transverse sections of an intact Carnegie stage (CS) 8 human embryo. From this spatial transcriptomic dataset, we constructed a 3D model of the CS8 embryo, in which a range of cell subtypes are identified, based on gene expression patterns and positional register, along the anterior-posterior, medial-lateral, and dorsal-ventral axis in the embryo. We further characterized the lineage trajectories of embryonic and extra-embryonic tissues and associated regulons and the regionalization of signaling centers and signaling activities that underpin lineage progression and tissue patterning during gastrulation. Collectively, the findings of this study provide insights into gastrulation and post-gastrulation development of the human embryo.


Assuntos
Embrião de Mamíferos , Gastrulação , Regulação da Expressão Gênica no Desenvolvimento , Imageamento Tridimensional , Humanos , Embrião de Mamíferos/metabolismo , Transcriptoma/genética , Gástrula/metabolismo , Gástrula/embriologia , Transdução de Sinais , Linhagem da Célula , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Padronização Corporal/genética
4.
Cell ; 187(6): 1402-1421.e21, 2024 Mar 14.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38428422

RESUMO

Neonates are highly susceptible to inflammation and infection. Here, we investigate how late fetal liver (FL) mouse hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) respond to inflammation, testing the hypothesis that deficits in the engagement of emergency myelopoiesis (EM) pathways limit neutrophil output and contribute to perinatal neutropenia. We show that fetal HSPCs have limited production of myeloid cells at steady state and fail to activate a classical adult-like EM transcriptional program. Moreover, we find that fetal HSPCs can respond to EM-inducing inflammatory stimuli in vitro but are restricted by maternal anti-inflammatory factors, primarily interleukin-10 (IL-10), from activating EM pathways in utero. Accordingly, we demonstrate that the loss of maternal IL-10 restores EM activation in fetal HSPCs but at the cost of fetal demise. These results reveal the evolutionary trade-off inherent in maternal anti-inflammatory responses that maintain pregnancy but render the fetus unresponsive to EM activation signals and susceptible to infection.


Assuntos
Inflamação , Interleucina-10 , Mielopoese , Animais , Camundongos , Gravidez/imunologia , Feto , Hematopoese , Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/citologia , Inflamação/imunologia , Interleucina-10/imunologia , Animais Recém-Nascidos , Feminino
5.
Cell ; 187(11): 2817-2837.e31, 2024 05 23.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38701783

RESUMO

FMS-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (FLT3L), encoded by FLT3LG, is a hematopoietic factor essential for the development of natural killer (NK) cells, B cells, and dendritic cells (DCs) in mice. We describe three humans homozygous for a loss-of-function FLT3LG variant with a history of various recurrent infections, including severe cutaneous warts. The patients' bone marrow (BM) was hypoplastic, with low levels of hematopoietic progenitors, particularly myeloid and B cell precursors. Counts of B cells, monocytes, and DCs were low in the patients' blood, whereas the other blood subsets, including NK cells, were affected only moderately, if at all. The patients had normal counts of Langerhans cells (LCs) and dermal macrophages in the skin but lacked dermal DCs. Thus, FLT3L is required for B cell and DC development in mice and humans. However, unlike its murine counterpart, human FLT3L is required for the development of monocytes but not NK cells.


Assuntos
Células Matadoras Naturais , Proteínas de Membrana , Animais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Camundongos , Linfócitos B/metabolismo , Linfócitos B/citologia , Medula Óssea/metabolismo , Linhagem da Célula , Células Dendríticas/metabolismo , Hematopoese , Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/metabolismo , Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/citologia , Células Matadoras Naturais/metabolismo , Células Matadoras Naturais/imunologia , Células de Langerhans/metabolismo , Proteínas de Membrana/metabolismo , Proteínas de Membrana/genética , Monócitos/metabolismo , Pele/metabolismo , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL
6.
Cell ; 187(14): 3690-3711.e19, 2024 Jul 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38838669

RESUMO

Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) arises from aging-associated acquired mutations in hematopoietic progenitors, which display clonal expansion and produce phenotypically altered leukocytes. We associated CHIP-DNMT3A mutations with a higher prevalence of periodontitis and gingival inflammation among 4,946 community-dwelling adults. To model DNMT3A-driven CHIP, we used mice with the heterozygous loss-of-function mutation R878H, equivalent to the human hotspot mutation R882H. Partial transplantation with Dnmt3aR878H/+ bone marrow (BM) cells resulted in clonal expansion of mutant cells into both myeloid and lymphoid lineages and an elevated abundance of osteoclast precursors in the BM and osteoclastogenic macrophages in the periphery. DNMT3A-driven clonal hematopoiesis in recipient mice promoted naturally occurring periodontitis and aggravated experimentally induced periodontitis and arthritis, associated with enhanced osteoclastogenesis, IL-17-dependent inflammation and neutrophil responses, and impaired regulatory T cell immunosuppressive activity. DNMT3A-driven clonal hematopoiesis and, subsequently, periodontitis were suppressed by rapamycin treatment. DNMT3A-driven CHIP represents a treatable state of maladaptive hematopoiesis promoting inflammatory bone loss.


Assuntos
Hematopoiese Clonal , DNA (Citosina-5-)-Metiltransferases , DNA Metiltransferase 3A , Periodontite , Animais , DNA (Citosina-5-)-Metiltransferases/metabolismo , DNA (Citosina-5-)-Metiltransferases/genética , Camundongos , Hematopoiese Clonal/genética , Humanos , Periodontite/genética , Periodontite/patologia , Mutação , Masculino , Feminino , Inflamação/genética , Inflamação/patologia , Osteoclastos/metabolismo , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Adulto , Interleucina-17/metabolismo , Interleucina-17/genética , Linfócitos T Reguladores/imunologia , Linfócitos T Reguladores/metabolismo , Hematopoese/genética , Osteogênese/genética , Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/metabolismo , Reabsorção Óssea/genética , Reabsorção Óssea/patologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade
7.
Cell ; 187(3): 642-658.e19, 2024 Feb 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38218188

RESUMO

Despite advances in defining diverse somatic mutations that cause myeloid malignancies, a significant heritable component for these cancers remains largely unexplained. Here, we perform rare variant association studies in a large population cohort to identify inherited predisposition genes for these blood cancers. CTR9, which encodes a key component of the PAF1 transcription elongation complex, is among the significant genes identified. The risk variants found in the cases cause loss of function and result in a ∼10-fold increased odds of acquiring a myeloid malignancy. Partial CTR9 loss of function expands human hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by increased super elongation complex-mediated transcriptional activity, which thereby increases the expression of key regulators of HSC self-renewal. By following up on insights from a human genetic study examining inherited predisposition to the myeloid malignancies, we define a previously unknown antagonistic interaction between the PAF1 and super elongation complexes. These insights could enable targeted approaches for blood cancer prevention.


Assuntos
Neoplasias Hematológicas , Fosfoproteínas , Elongação da Transcrição Genética , Fatores de Transcrição , Humanos , Neoplasias Hematológicas/genética , Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/metabolismo , Proteínas Nucleares/metabolismo , Fatores de Transcrição/genética , Fosfoproteínas/genética
8.
Annu Rev Immunol ; 34: 511-38, 2016 05 20.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27168244

RESUMO

The protein kinase C (PKC) family, discovered in the late 1970s, is composed of at least 10 serine/threonine kinases, divided into three groups based on their molecular architecture and cofactor requirements. PKC enzymes have been conserved throughout evolution and are expressed in virtually all cell types; they represent critical signal transducers regulating cell activation, differentiation, proliferation, death, and effector functions. PKC family members play important roles in a diverse array of hematopoietic and immune responses. This review covers the discovery and history of this enzyme family, discusses the roles of PKC enzymes in the development and effector functions of major hematopoietic and immune cell types, and points out gaps in our knowledge, which should ignite interest and further exploration, ultimately leading to better understanding of this enzyme family and, above all, its role in the many facets of the immune system.


Assuntos
Hematopoese , Sistema Imunitário , Proteína Quinase C/metabolismo , Animais , Coenzimas/metabolismo , Ativação Enzimática/imunologia , Humanos , Proteína Quinase C/imunologia , Transdução de Sinais
9.
Cell ; 186(23): 5183-5199.e22, 2023 11 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37852258

RESUMO

Cellular lineage histories and their molecular states encode fundamental principles of tissue development and homeostasis. Current lineage-recording mouse models have insufficient barcode diversity and single-cell lineage coverage for profiling tissues composed of millions of cells. Here, we developed DARLIN, an inducible Cas9 barcoding mouse line that utilizes terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) and 30 CRISPR target sites. DARLIN is inducible, generates massive lineage barcodes across tissues, and enables the detection of edited barcodes in ∼70% of profiled single cells. Using DARLIN, we examined fate bias within developing hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and revealed unique features of HSC migration. Additionally, we established a protocol for joint transcriptomic and epigenomic single-cell measurements with DARLIN and found that cellular clonal memory is associated with genome-wide DNA methylation rather than gene expression or chromatin accessibility. DARLIN will enable the high-resolution study of lineage relationships and their molecular signatures in diverse tissues and physiological contexts.


Assuntos
Epigenômica , Transcriptoma , Animais , Camundongos , Transcriptoma/genética , Linhagem da Célula/genética , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Modelos Animais de Doenças , DNA
10.
Cell ; 186(4): 732-747.e16, 2023 02 16.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36803603

RESUMO

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) have a number of unique physiologic adaptations that enable lifelong maintenance of blood cell production, including a highly regulated rate of protein synthesis. Yet, the precise vulnerabilities that arise from such adaptations have not been fully characterized. Here, inspired by a bone marrow failure disorder due to the loss of the histone deubiquitinase MYSM1, characterized by selectively disadvantaged HSCs, we show how reduced protein synthesis in HSCs results in increased ferroptosis. HSC maintenance can be fully rescued by blocking ferroptosis, despite no alteration in protein synthesis rates. Importantly, this selective vulnerability to ferroptosis not only underlies HSC loss in MYSM1 deficiency but also characterizes a broader liability of human HSCs. Increasing protein synthesis rates via MYSM1 overexpression makes HSCs less susceptible to ferroptosis, more broadly illustrating the selective vulnerabilities that arise in somatic stem cell populations as a result of physiologic adaptations.


Assuntos
Ferroptose , Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas , Humanos , Endopeptidases/metabolismo , Hematopoese , Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/metabolismo , Transativadores/metabolismo , Proteases Específicas de Ubiquitina/metabolismo
11.
Cell ; 186(2): 382-397.e24, 2023 01 19.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36669473

RESUMO

Blood and lymphatic vessels form a versatile transport network and provide inductive signals to regulate tissue-specific functions. Blood vessels in bone regulate osteogenesis and hematopoiesis, but current dogma suggests that bone lacks lymphatic vessels. Here, by combining high-resolution light-sheet imaging and cell-specific mouse genetics, we demonstrate presence of lymphatic vessels in mouse and human bones. We find that lymphatic vessels in bone expand during genotoxic stress. VEGF-C/VEGFR-3 signaling and genotoxic stress-induced IL6 drive lymphangiogenesis in bones. During lymphangiogenesis, secretion of CXCL12 from proliferating lymphatic endothelial cells is critical for hematopoietic and bone regeneration. Moreover, lymphangiocrine CXCL12 triggers expansion of mature Myh11+ CXCR4+ pericytes, which differentiate into bone cells and contribute to bone and hematopoietic regeneration. In aged animals, such expansion of lymphatic vessels and Myh11-positive cells in response to genotoxic stress is impaired. These data suggest lymphangiogenesis as a therapeutic avenue to stimulate hematopoietic and bone regeneration.


Assuntos
Regeneração Óssea , Vasos Linfáticos , Idoso , Animais , Humanos , Camundongos , Células Endoteliais , Linfangiogênese
12.
Cell ; 186(19): 4189-4203.e22, 2023 09 14.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37633268

RESUMO

Thrombopoietin (THPO or TPO) is an essential cytokine for hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) maintenance and megakaryocyte differentiation. Here, we report the 3.4 Å resolution cryoelectron microscopy structure of the extracellular TPO-TPO receptor (TpoR or MPL) signaling complex, revealing the basis for homodimeric MPL activation and providing a structural rationalization for genetic loss-of-function thrombocytopenia mutations. The structure guided the engineering of TPO variants (TPOmod) with a spectrum of signaling activities, from neutral antagonists to partial- and super-agonists. Partial agonist TPOmod decoupled JAK/STAT from ERK/AKT/CREB activation, driving a bias for megakaryopoiesis and platelet production without causing significant HSC expansion in mice and showing superior maintenance of human HSCs in vitro. These data demonstrate the functional uncoupling of the two primary roles of TPO, highlighting the potential utility of TPOmod in hematology research and clinical HSC transplantation.


Assuntos
Receptores de Trombopoetina , Trombopoetina , Animais , Humanos , Camundongos , Ciclo Celular , Microscopia Crioeletrônica , Receptores de Trombopoetina/genética , Trombopoese , Metilação de DNA
13.
Cell ; 186(11): 2456-2474.e24, 2023 05 25.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37137305

RESUMO

Systematic evaluation of the impact of genetic variants is critical for the study and treatment of human physiology and disease. While specific mutations can be introduced by genome engineering, we still lack scalable approaches that are applicable to the important setting of primary cells, such as blood and immune cells. Here, we describe the development of massively parallel base-editing screens in human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Such approaches enable functional screens for variant effects across any hematopoietic differentiation state. Moreover, they allow for rich phenotyping through single-cell RNA sequencing readouts and separately for characterization of editing outcomes through pooled single-cell genotyping. We efficiently design improved leukemia immunotherapy approaches, comprehensively identify non-coding variants modulating fetal hemoglobin expression, define mechanisms regulating hematopoietic differentiation, and probe the pathogenicity of uncharacterized disease-associated variants. These strategies will advance effective and high-throughput variant-to-function mapping in human hematopoiesis to identify the causes of diverse diseases.


Assuntos
Edição de Genes , Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas , Humanos , Diferenciação Celular , Sistemas CRISPR-Cas , Genoma , Hematopoese , Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/metabolismo , Engenharia Genética , Análise de Célula Única
14.
Cell ; 186(10): 2092-2110.e23, 2023 05 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37172563

RESUMO

The third and fourth weeks of gestation in primates are marked by several developmental milestones, including gastrulation and the formation of organ primordia. However, our understanding of this period is limited due to restricted access to in vivo embryos. To address this gap, we developed an embedded 3D culture system that allows for the extended ex utero culture of cynomolgus monkey embryos for up to 25 days post-fertilization. Morphological, histological, and single-cell RNA-sequencing analyses demonstrate that ex utero cultured monkey embryos largely recapitulated key events of in vivo development. With this platform, we were able to delineate lineage trajectories and genetic programs involved in neural induction, lateral plate mesoderm differentiation, yolk sac hematopoiesis, primitive gut, and primordial germ-cell-like cell development in monkeys. Our embedded 3D culture system provides a robust and reproducible platform for growing monkey embryos from blastocysts to early organogenesis and studying primate embryogenesis ex utero.


Assuntos
Embrião de Mamíferos , Desenvolvimento Embrionário , Animais , Macaca fascicularis , Blastocisto , Organogênese , Primatas
15.
Cell ; 185(4): 690-711.e45, 2022 02 17.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35108499

RESUMO

Single-cell (sc)RNA-seq, together with RNA velocity and metabolic labeling, reveals cellular states and transitions at unprecedented resolution. Fully exploiting these data, however, requires kinetic models capable of unveiling governing regulatory functions. Here, we introduce an analytical framework dynamo (https://github.com/aristoteleo/dynamo-release), which infers absolute RNA velocity, reconstructs continuous vector fields that predict cell fates, employs differential geometry to extract underlying regulations, and ultimately predicts optimal reprogramming paths and perturbation outcomes. We highlight dynamo's power to overcome fundamental limitations of conventional splicing-based RNA velocity analyses to enable accurate velocity estimations on a metabolically labeled human hematopoiesis scRNA-seq dataset. Furthermore, differential geometry analyses reveal mechanisms driving early megakaryocyte appearance and elucidate asymmetrical regulation within the PU.1-GATA1 circuit. Leveraging the least-action-path method, dynamo accurately predicts drivers of numerous hematopoietic transitions. Finally, in silico perturbations predict cell-fate diversions induced by gene perturbations. Dynamo, thus, represents an important step in advancing quantitative and predictive theories of cell-state transitions.


Assuntos
Análise de Célula Única , Transcriptoma/genética , Algoritmos , Feminino , Regulação da Expressão Gênica , Células HL-60 , Hematopoese/genética , Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/metabolismo , Humanos , Cinética , Modelos Biológicos , RNA Mensageiro/metabolismo , Coloração e Rotulagem
16.
Cell ; 184(5): 1348-1361.e22, 2021 03 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33636128

RESUMO

Clonal hematopoiesis, a condition in which individual hematopoietic stem cell clones generate a disproportionate fraction of blood leukocytes, correlates with higher risk for cardiovascular disease. The mechanisms behind this association are incompletely understood. Here, we show that hematopoietic stem cell division rates are increased in mice and humans with atherosclerosis. Mathematical analysis demonstrates that increased stem cell proliferation expedites somatic evolution and expansion of clones with driver mutations. The experimentally determined division rate elevation in atherosclerosis patients is sufficient to produce a 3.5-fold increased risk of clonal hematopoiesis by age 70. We confirm the accuracy of our theoretical framework in mouse models of atherosclerosis and sleep fragmentation by showing that expansion of competitively transplanted Tet2-/- cells is accelerated under conditions of chronically elevated hematopoietic activity. Hence, increased hematopoietic stem cell proliferation is an important factor contributing to the association between cardiovascular disease and clonal hematopoiesis.


Assuntos
Aterosclerose/patologia , Hematopoiese Clonal , Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/patologia , Envelhecimento/patologia , Animais , Apolipoproteínas E/genética , Aterosclerose/genética , Medula Óssea/metabolismo , Proliferação de Células , Evolução Clonal , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Feminino , Humanos , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Modelos Biológicos , Privação do Sono/patologia
17.
Cell ; 181(6): 1410-1422.e27, 2020 06 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32413320

RESUMO

Tracing the lineage history of cells is key to answering diverse and fundamental questions in biology. Coupling of cell ancestry information with other molecular readouts represents an important goal in the field. Here, we describe the CRISPR array repair lineage tracing (CARLIN) mouse line and corresponding analysis tools that can be used to simultaneously interrogate the lineage and transcriptomic information of single cells in vivo. This model exploits CRISPR technology to generate up to 44,000 transcribed barcodes in an inducible fashion at any point during development or adulthood, is compatible with sequential barcoding, and is fully genetically defined. We have used CARLIN to identify intrinsic biases in the activity of fetal liver hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) clones and to uncover a previously unappreciated clonal bottleneck in the response of HSCs to injury. CARLIN also allows the unbiased identification of transcriptional signatures associated with HSC activity without cell sorting.


Assuntos
Sistemas CRISPR-Cas/genética , Linhagem da Célula/genética , Repetições Palindrômicas Curtas Agrupadas e Regularmente Espaçadas/genética , Transcriptoma/genética , Animais , Linhagem Celular , Feminino , Citometria de Fluxo/métodos , Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/fisiologia , Masculino , Camundongos , Transdução Genética/métodos
18.
Cell ; 182(5): 1214-1231.e11, 2020 09 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32888494

RESUMO

Blood cells play essential roles in human health, underpinning physiological processes such as immunity, oxygen transport, and clotting, which when perturbed cause a significant global health burden. Here we integrate data from UK Biobank and a large-scale international collaborative effort, including data for 563,085 European ancestry participants, and discover 5,106 new genetic variants independently associated with 29 blood cell phenotypes covering a range of variation impacting hematopoiesis. We holistically characterize the genetic architecture of hematopoiesis, assess the relevance of the omnigenic model to blood cell phenotypes, delineate relevant hematopoietic cell states influenced by regulatory genetic variants and gene networks, identify novel splice-altering variants mediating the associations, and assess the polygenic prediction potential for blood traits and clinical disorders at the interface of complex and Mendelian genetics. These results show the power of large-scale blood cell trait GWAS to interrogate clinically meaningful variants across a wide allelic spectrum of human variation.


Assuntos
Predisposição Genética para Doença/genética , Herança Multifatorial/genética , Feminino , Redes Reguladoras de Genes/genética , Estudo de Associação Genômica Ampla/métodos , Hematopoese/genética , Humanos , Masculino , Fenótipo , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único/genética
19.
Cell ; 176(6): 1325-1339.e22, 2019 03 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30827679

RESUMO

Lineage tracing provides key insights into the fate of individual cells in complex organisms. Although effective genetic labeling approaches are available in model systems, in humans, most approaches require detection of nuclear somatic mutations, which have high error rates, limited scale, and do not capture cell state information. Here, we show that somatic mutations in mtDNA can be tracked by single-cell RNA or assay for transposase accessible chromatin (ATAC) sequencing. We leverage somatic mtDNA mutations as natural genetic barcodes and demonstrate their utility as highly accurate clonal markers to infer cellular relationships. We track native human cells both in vitro and in vivo and relate clonal dynamics to gene expression and chromatin accessibility. Our approach should allow clonal tracking at a 1,000-fold greater scale than with nuclear genome sequencing, with simultaneous information on cell state, opening the way to chart cellular dynamics in human health and disease.


Assuntos
DNA Mitocondrial/genética , Mitocôndrias/genética , Sequência de Bases , Linhagem da Célula , Cromatina , Neoplasias Colorretais/genética , Neoplasias Colorretais/patologia , Genômica/métodos , Células HEK293 , Células-Tronco Hematopoéticas/fisiologia , Sequenciamento de Nucleotídeos em Larga Escala/métodos , Humanos , Mutação , Análise de Célula Única , Transposases
20.
Cell ; 177(7): 1915-1932.e16, 2019 06 13.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31130381

RESUMO

Stroma is a poorly defined non-parenchymal component of virtually every organ with key roles in organ development, homeostasis, and repair. Studies of the bone marrow stroma have defined individual populations in the stem cell niche regulating hematopoietic regeneration and capable of initiating leukemia. Here, we use single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to define a cellular taxonomy of the mouse bone marrow stroma and its perturbation by malignancy. We identified seventeen stromal subsets expressing distinct hematopoietic regulatory genes spanning new fibroblastic and osteoblastic subpopulations including distinct osteoblast differentiation trajectories. Emerging acute myeloid leukemia impaired mesenchymal osteogenic differentiation and reduced regulatory molecules necessary for normal hematopoiesis. These data suggest that tissue stroma responds to malignant cells by disadvantaging normal parenchymal cells. Our taxonomy of the stromal compartment provides a comprehensive bone marrow cell census and experimental support for cancer cell crosstalk with specific stromal elements to impair normal tissue function and thereby enable emergent cancer.


Assuntos
Células da Medula Óssea/metabolismo , Diferenciação Celular , Homeostase , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/metabolismo , Osteoblastos/metabolismo , Osteogênese , Microambiente Tumoral , Animais , Células da Medula Óssea/patologia , Humanos , Leucemia Mieloide Aguda/patologia , Camundongos , Osteoblastos/patologia , Células Estromais/metabolismo , Células Estromais/patologia
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