RESUMO
The use of smart devices such as mobile phones (smartphones) or smart watches (smartwatch) to promote physical activity and well-being has increased in recent years among patients and professionals in primary care. This change is driven by the access of patients and professionals to a large catalog of health applications, which can complement the provision of services and promote the empowerment of patients in their own health and lifestyles. These applications are beginning to be integrated with areas such as Artificial Intelligence (AI), the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) and data storage in the cloud, among other emerging technological systems, offering a new complementary approach to clinical practice known so far. Despite the great potential, there are numerous limitations and major challenges for its full implementation in clinical practice.
Assuntos
Exercício Físico , Promoção da Saúde , Atenção Primária à Saúde , Telemedicina , Humanos , Promoção da Saúde/métodos , Aplicativos Móveis , SmartphoneRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Kidney stone disease (KSD) is a common urological condition that often requires long-term care. Mobile health (mHealth) and eHealth technologies have the potential to enhance chronic disease management and behavioral change. To assess opportunities to apply these tools to improve KSD treatment and prevention, we aimed to assess current evidence on the use, benefits, and limitations of mHealth and eHealth in KSD. METHODS: We performed a systematic review of primary research studies of mHealth and eHealth in the evaluation and management of KSD. Two independent researchers screened citations by title and abstract for relevance, then full-text review was performed for descriptive summary of the studies. RESULTS: A total of 37 articles were included for analysis. Primary domains of evidence included: 1) "smart" water bottles and mobile-device apps for tracking fluid consumption, which showed increased intake in most studies; 2) ureteral stent tracking platforms, which improved the rate of long-term retained stents; 3) virtual stone clinics, which have been suggested to increase access, lower costs, and have satisfactory outcomes; 4) smartphone-based endoscopy platforms, which offered cost-effective image quality in resource-limited settings; 5) patient information about KSD online, which was typically characterized as poor quality and/or accuracy, particularly on YouTube. Most studies were proof-of-concept or single-arm intervention designs, with limited assessment of effectiveness or long-term clinical outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Mobile and eHealth technologies have significant real-world applications to KSD prevention, intervention, and patient education. A lack of rigorous effectiveness studies currently limits evidence-based conclusions and incorporation in clinical guidelines.
Assuntos
Cálculos Renais , Aplicativos Móveis , Telemedicina , Humanos , Smartphone , Atenção à SaúdeRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Digital health or "e-Health" is a set of applications based on Information and Communication Technologies that can be used to promote self-care and medication adherence in patients with chronic diseases. The aim of this study was to carry out a review of systematic reviews (meta-review) on efficacy studies of e-Health interventions to promote adherence to antiretroviral therapy in people living with HIV/AIDS. METHOD: A review of systematic reviews ("meta-review") was performed using the Medline-PubMed database on efficacy studies of e-Health components to promote adherence to antirretroviral therapy, in patients with HIV/AIDS, proposing a structured search strategy (PICO question). A selection process for systematic reviews was conducted based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Subsequently, the corresponding data were extracted, and the analysis was accomplished in descriptive tables. RESULTS: A total of 29 systematic reviews were identified, from which 11 were selected. These reviews comprised 55 randomized controlled therapies with different e-Health interventions and enrolled a total of 15,311 HIV/AIDS patients. Studies included a total of 66 comparisons (experimental group vs. control group) in indirect adherence measurements based on different measurement techniques (36 statistically significant); 21 comparisons of viral load measurements (10 statistically significant); and 8 comparisons of CD4+ cell count measurements (3 statistically significant). m-Health was the most studied component followed by the telephone call and e-Learning. CONCLUSIONS: Evidence was found that supports that some e-Health interventions are effective in promoting adherence to antirretroviral therapy and improving health outcomes in patients with HIV/AIDS, although it is identified that more studies are needed for more robust evidence.
Assuntos
Infecções por HIV , Adesão à Medicação , Telemedicina , Humanos , Infecções por HIV/tratamento farmacológico , Antirretrovirais/uso terapêutico , Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/tratamento farmacológico , Fármacos Anti-HIV/uso terapêutico , Saúde DigitalRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Digital health or "e-health" is a set of applications based on information and communication technologies (ICTs) that can be used to promote self-care and medication adherence in patients with chronic diseases. The aim of this study was to carry out a review of systematic reviews (meta-review) on efficacy studies of e-health interventions to promote adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) in people living with HIV/AIDS. METHODOLOGY: A review of systematic reviews ("meta-review") was performed using the Medline-PubMed database on efficacy studies of e-health components to promote adherence to ART, in patients with HIV/AIDS, proposing a structured search strategy (PICO question). A selection process for systematic reviews was conducted based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Subsequently, the corresponding data were extracted, and the analysis was accomplished in descriptive tables. RESULTS: A total of 29 systematic reviews were identified, from which 11 were selected. These reviews comprised 55 RCTs with different e-health interventions and enrolled a total of 15,311â¯HIV/AIDS patients. Studies included a total of 66 comparisons (experimental group vs. control group) in indirect adherence measurements based on different measurement techniques (36 statistically significant); 21 comparisons of viral load (VL) measurements (10 statistically significant); and 8 comparisons of CD4+ cell count measurements (3 statistically significant). m-Health was the most studied component followed by the telephone call and e-learning. CONCLUSION: Evidence was found that supports that some e-health interventions are effective in promoting adherence to ART and improving health outcomes in patients with HIV/AIDS, although it is identified that more studies are needed for more robust evidence.
Assuntos
Infecções por HIV , Adesão à Medicação , Telemedicina , Humanos , Infecções por HIV/tratamento farmacológico , Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/tratamento farmacológico , Antirretrovirais/uso terapêutico , Fármacos Anti-HIV/uso terapêutico , Saúde DigitalRESUMO
Telemedicine is defined as the use of electronic technology for information and communication by healthcare professionals with patients (or care givers) aiming at providing and supporting healthcare to patients away from healthcare institutions. This systematic review over the last decade (2013-2022) investigates the use of telemedicine in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We identified 53 publications related to: (1) home tele-monitorization; (2) tele-education and self-management; (3) telerehabilitation; and (4) mobile health (mHealth). Results showed that, although evidence is still weak in many of these domains, results are positive in terms of improvement of health-status, use of health-care resources, feasibility, and patient satisfaction. Importantly, no safety issues were identified. Thus, telemedicine can be considered today as a potential complement to usual healthcare.
Assuntos
Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica , Telemedicina , Humanos , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/terapia , Nível de Saúde , Satisfação do PacienteRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: There are few studies on e-Health interventions directed at parents that analyse their costs and any potential savings that may occur. The aims of this study consisted of calculating the costs of the development and maintenance of paediatric web site for parents, including the costs per visit and per visitor, and the potentially savings made as regards medical visits avoided as a result of its use. METHODS: The technology costs as well as the work of the professionals were considered as costs of the web site. The calculation of the cost of the professionals and the potential savings were based on the official fees and public prices of the Andalusian Public Health Service. RESULTS: During 5years and 6months of the study, the total cost of the web site was 45,201.56. The cost per visit received was 0.0155, and 0.0186 for each single visitor. Among the 516 users that took part in the study, face-to-face visits to Primary Care paediatric clinics were avoided, as well as those to Paediatric Emergency Department, at a savings of 22,263.89. CONCLUSIONS: The costs of developing a paediatric e-Health website for parents written in Spanish, using existing and free technologies, are low compared to other forms of e-Health development. Furthermore, the costs are considerably low if they are divided by the total number of visits or the number of visitors. There is also a considerable potential financial saving on contributing to avoid face-to-face visits.
Assuntos
Custos de Cuidados de Saúde , Pediatria , Telemedicina , Criança , Serviço Hospitalar de Emergência , Humanos , Pais , Telemedicina/economiaRESUMO
The aim of this article was to analyze the literature on technological development in telemedicine through bibliometrics, by identifying the state of the art, research gaps, and trends in the literature. The analysis covers a total of 67 articles related to the field of study, published between 2010-2020 in the Springer Link, Science Direct, Wiley Online Library, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. The data was processed using the software StArt, Excel, IBM SPSS Statistics, and Iramuteq. The results presented bibliometric analysis of the articles, classified into the areas of Management (52.2%), IT (25.4%), and Medicine (22.4%), along with a Table of 34 suggestions for future research. Literature trends encompassed six study clusters (health, study, service, technology, patient, and telemedicine), which further subdivided into nine research themes (digital platform, telemedicine service management, telemedicine service operation, end-user perception, business opportunities, healthcare professional perception, covid-19, regulation, and robotics). An observed outcome was a significant increase in the number of publications in the area due to covid-19.
O objetivo deste artigo foi analisar a literatura acerca do desenvolvimento tecnológico na telemedicina, por meio da bibliometria, ao identificar o estado da arte, lacunas de pesquisa e tendências na literatura. Analisou-se 67 artigos relacionados ao campo de estudo, publicados entre 2010-2020 nas bases de dados Springer Link, Science Direct, Wiley Online Library, Web of Science e Scopus. O tratamento dos dados se deu por meio dos softwares StArt, Excel, IBM SPSS Statistics e Iramuteq. Os resultados apresentaram a análise bibliométrica dos artigos, classificados nas áreas de Gestão (52,2%), TI (25,4%) e Medicina (22,4%), e uma tabela com 34 sugestões para pesquisas futuras. As tendências da literatura envolveram seis classes de estudo (saúde, estudo, serviço, tecnologia, paciente e telemedicina), que se subdividiram em nove temas de pesquisa (plataforma digital, gestão do serviço de telemedicina, operação do serviço de telemedicina, percepção do usuário final, oportunidades de negócios, percepção de profissionais de saúde, covid-19, regulamentação e robótica). Observou-se aumento significativo no número de publicações na área devido à covid-19.
El objetivo de este artículo fue analizar la literatura sobre el desarrollo tecnológico en la telemedicina me-diante bibliometría, identificando el estado del arte, las lagunas de investigación y las tendencias en la literatura. Se analizaron un total de 67 artículos relacionados con el campo de estudio, publicados entre 2010-2020 en las bases de datos de Springer Link, Science Direct, Wiley Online Library, Web of Science y Scopus. Los datos fueron procesados utilizando los programas StArt, Excel, IBM SPSS Statistics e Iramuteq. Los resultados presentaron un análisis bibliométrico de los artículos, clasificados en las áreas de Gestión (52,2%), TI (25,4%) y Medicina (22,4%), junto con una tabla de 34 sugerencias para futuras investiga-ciones. Las tendencias en la literatura abarcaron seis clases de estudio (salud, estudio, servicio, tecnología, paciente y telemedicina), que se subdividieron en nueve temas de investigación (plataforma digital, gestión del servicio de telemedicina, operación del servicio de telemedicina, percepción del usuario final, oportuni-dades de negocio, percepción de los profesionales de la salud, covid-19, regulación y robótica). Un resultado observado fue un aumento significativo en el número de publicaciones en el área debido al covid-19.
Assuntos
Bibliometria , Bases de Dados Bibliográficas , Telemedicina , COVID-19 , Desenvolvimento Tecnológico , Pessoal de SaúdeRESUMO
Las unidades de hospitalización a domicilio (HAD) realizan cuidados complejos de nivel hospitalario a los pacientes que están en casa. Uno de los criterios esenciales para ser admitido en este servicio es tener la posibilidad de comunicarse con el equipo de HAD por teléfono para que el paciente y el cuidador puedan estar en contacto permanente con dicho equipo de atención multidisciplinar domiciliaria. Este criterio de inclusión, sin embargo, implica un impacto en la organización de las Unidades de HAD que responden a estas demandas ya que puede representar, a veces, cambios en la organización de los circuitos, visitas extraordinarias de urgencia ... etc. El asesoramiento telefónico facilita información y capacitación para el empoderamiento del paciente y del cuidador. Este estudio tiene como objetivo recopilar y examinar prospectivamente el impacto que estas llamadas tienen en el desarrollo del trabajo del equipo HAD, así como evaluar las razones que los generan para trabajar en la línea de la mejora continua.(AU)
The Home Hospitalization Units (HAD) perform complex care at the hospital level to patients who are at home. One of the essential criteria for being admitted to this service is the ability to contact the HAD team by telephone so that the patient and the caregiver can be in permanent contact with the healthcare team. This inclusion criterion, however, involves an impact in the organization of the HAD, that respond to these demands since it can represent, sometimes, changes in the organization of the circuits, ex-traordinary emergency visits ... etc.The telephone advice facilitates information and training for the empowerment of the patient and caregiver.This study aims to collect and examine prospec-tively the impact that these calls have on the de-velopment of the work of the HAD team, as well as to evaluate the reasons that generate them to work in line with the continuous improvement.(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Telefone , Telemedicina , Serviços de Assistência Domiciliar , Aplicativos Móveis , Inquéritos e Questionários , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Estudos TransversaisRESUMO
The widespread of mobile smartphones among the population has resulted in a growing range of mobile applications in health using iOS and Android devices. The level of confidence that such applications deserve and the health information available online to the general population is a widely debated issue. The main objective of this work was to develop a tool -a scale-, for evaluating the reliability of health apps. The scale was developed using a systematic evidence-based approach, and with an expert consensus, built with a Delphi process. This was followed by a health app catalogue, which was used to test and validate our method that helps to recommend the best apps for non-medical experts across 3 different user interest axes: 1) popularity and interest; 2) trust and quality; and 3) usefulness.
Assuntos
Informação de Saúde ao Consumidor/normas , Internet , Aplicativos Móveis/normas , Garantia da Qualidade dos Cuidados de Saúde/métodos , Smartphone , Telemedicina/normas , Técnica Delphi , Humanos , Idioma , Indicadores de Qualidade em Assistência à SaúdeRESUMO
España es el país de Europa Occidental con más prevalencia del Virusde la Inmunodeficiencia Humana entre personas que se inyectan drogas. La presencia de Virus de la Hepatitis-C supera el cincuenta porciento en esta población. Al mismo tiempo, la Organización Mundialde la Salud considera que la cobertura media de material de inyecciónpor usuario y año es baja. Con más de treinta años de experiencia enel despliegue de los servicios y programas de reducción de daños, lasventajas que posibilita la eSalud y la mSalud como la accesibilidad yasequibilidad, pueden incorporarse también a la reducción de daños.El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la percepción que las personasque consumen drogas inyectadas tienen sobre una aplicación móvilpara mejorar el acceso a material de inyección. Partiendo de un enfoque cualitativo se recogió información a través de cinco grupos focalesen los que participaron 51 personas consumidoras de drogas inyectadas en activo. Se llevó a cabo un análisis de contenido temático cuyos principales resultados indicaron que la aplicación tuvo una buenaaceptación y se consideró sencilla y útil. Los participantes refirieronque la aplicación contribuía a mejorar el acceso a material de inyección, a reducir el estigma de los drogodependientes, y a optimizar laplanificación del usuario para adquirir la jeringa en el proceso ritualdel consumo. Como puntos a mejorar, destacaron reducir el excesode información preventiva y simplificar la ruta de descarga de la webapp. En conclusión, la aplicación se posiciona como una herramienta útil para complementar la intervención ordinaria de los programasde intercambio de jeringas. (AU)
Spain is the Western European country with the highest prevalenceof Human Immunodeficiency Virus among people who inject drugs.The Hepatitis-C Virus affects over fifty per cent of this population. Atthe same time, the World Health Organization considers that the average coverage of injection material for drug user per year is low. Harmreduction programs and services have been deployed for over thirtyyears, and these could now incorporate the advantages of eHealth andmHealth to improve harm reduction. The aim of this qualitative anddescriptive study is to analyze how people who inject drugs perceive anapplication for mobile devices. Fifty-one such drug users participatedactively in five focus groups. The main results of the thematic content analysis indicated that the application was welcomed as easy anduseful. Participants reported that the application contributed to improving access to injection material, reducing the stigma of drug-dependence and optimizing the organization of the ritual of injection.Excessive preventive information and problems downloading the webapp were identified as aspects for improvement. In conclusion, theapplication was seen as a useful eHealth tool that complements thenormal intervention of needle exchange programs. (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Redução do Dano , Programas de Troca de Agulhas/métodos , Programas de Troca de Agulhas/provisão & distribuição , Programas de Troca de Agulhas/tendências , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias/prevenção & controle , Telemedicina/métodos , Drogas Ilícitas , Cocaína , Heroína , EspanhaRESUMO
O objetivo deste estudo foi testar o impacto de um lembrete por mensagem de texto eletrônica, via WhatsApp®, sobre a taxa de absenteísmo nas consultas de subespecialidades pediátricas. Este estudo aleatorizado foi composto por um grupo controle e um experimental. Os participantes do grupo experimental receberam um aviso por WhatsApp® lembrando a data da consulta. Foram incluídos no estudo todos os usuários agendados (primeira vez e retornos) para consultas de subespecialidades pediátricas. Para as análises foi calculado os percentuais e realizou-se o teste Qui-quadrado de associação. Um total de 998 participantes foram incluídos para análise. A maioria dos participantes era do sexo masculino (59 porcent). A taxa de absenteísmo no grupo experimental foi de 24 porcent e no grupo controle, 25,5 porcent, representando uma diferença de 1,5 porcent (p= 0,580). A taxa de absenteísmo era particularmente mais alta para consultas agendadas na segunda-feira, com 30 porcent (p= 0,009). Globalmente, o uso de lembretes por mensagens de texto em estudos com diferentes populações reduz a taxa de absenteísmo. No entanto, nossas descobertas sugerem que o envio de mensagens de texto via WhatsApp® como lembretes de consulta não é uma ferramenta eficaz na redução do absenteísmo de subespecialidades pediátricas(AU)
El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el impacto de un recordatorio a través de un mensaje de texto por WhatsApp® sobre la tasa de absentismo en las consultas de subespecialidades pediátricas. Este estudio aleatorizado fue compuesto por un grupo control y un grupo experimental. Los participantes del grupo experimental recibieron un recordatorio a través de WhatsApp® que rememoraba la fecha de la consulta. Todas las consultas programadas de la subespecialidad pediátrica, tanto las realizadas por primera vez como las siguientes, fueron incluidas en el estudio. Para el análisis fueron calculados los porcentajes mediante la prueba chi-cuadrado. Fueron incluidos 998 participantes en el análisis, de los cuales la mayoría eran hombres (59 por ciento). La tasa de absentismo del grupo experimental fue de 24 por ciento, mientras la del grupo control fue de 25,5 por ciento, lo que representa una diferencia del 1,5 por ciento (p= 0,580). La tasa de absentismo fue del 30 por ciento (p= 0,009), lo que resultó particularmente alta para las consultas programadas para los lunes. Generalmente los estudios que utilizaron mensajes de texto en diferentes poblaciones, como recordatorio, redujeron la tasa de absentismo de las consultas. Sin embargo, nuestros resultados sugieren que enviar mensajes de texto a través del WhatsApp® como recordatorio de consultas médicas no es una herramienta efectiva para reducir el absentismo en las subespecialidades pediátricas(AU)
The purpose of the study was to evaluate the impact of WhatsApp® text messaging reminders on the rate of non-attendance to pediatric specialty consultation. Randomized examination was conducted of a control group and an experimental group. Participants in the experimental group received a WhatsApp® reminder of the appointment date. All the appointments scheduled for the pediatric subspecialty were included, i.e. first-time appointments as well as those following. Data analysis was based on percentage estimation by the chi-square test. A total 998 participants were included in the analysis, most of whom were men (59 percent). The non-attendance rate was 24 percent in the experimental group and 25.5 percent in the control group, for a difference of 1.5 percent (p= 0.580). The non-attendance rate was 30 percent (p= 0.009), particularly high for appointments scheduled for Mondays. In general terms, studies using text messaging as reminders in different populations reduced the rate of non-attendance to consultation. However, our results suggest that sending WhatsApp® text messages as reminders of medical appointments is not an effective tool to reduce non-attendance to pediatric consultation(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Adolescente , Encaminhamento e Consulta , Informática Médica/métodos , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Incidência , Absenteísmo , Envio de Mensagens de TextoRESUMO
Antecedentes: las tecnologías móviles pueden coadyuvar en el cambio de comportamientos alimentarios en personas con exceso de peso. Sin embargo, la evidencia con aplicaciones móviles adaptadas en el contexto latinoamericano es limitada. Objetivo: evaluar cambios antropométricos y satisfacción personal en una intervención educativa para personas con exceso de peso, la cual incluyó el uso de una aplicación móvil (NutriMetas). Materiales y métodos: estudio experimental clásico con diseño de pre-post prueba en personas con exceso de peso (IMC >25,0 y ≤34,9 kg/m2). Los participantes asistieron a sesiones de educación nutricional y registraron sus metas en la aplicación NutriMetas (grupo experimental, n=26) o en papel (grupo control, n=26). Se utilizaron modelos de regresión mixto multinivel para evaluar diferencias antropométricas (peso, IMC, circunferencia de cintura y porcentaje de grasa) entre los grupos. Resultados: el grupo experimental obtuvo una pérdida de peso promedio de 2,1±2,6 kg, en comparación con 0,7±1,6 kg para el grupo control (p=0,08). La interacción entre grupo y tiempo mostró una tendencia a la significancia en el IMC (p=0,064) y en la pérdida de peso (p=0,082), que podría ser de importancia desde el punto de vista clínico. Los atributos de apariencia, efectividad, eficiencia y facilidad de aprendizaje de NutriMetas fueron valorados favorablemente por la mayoría de los participantes. Conclusiones: el uso de NutriMetas como parte de una intervención educativa resultó ser una herramienta efectiva para los pacientes.
Background: Mobile technologies can enhance dietary changes in patients affected by overweight and obesity. Evidence of mobile applications designed and adapted to the Latin American context is, however, limited. Objective: To evaluate the use of the mobile app NutriMetas as part of a group nutrition education intervention, including anthropometric changes, and satisfaction with the mobile application. Materials and Methods: Randomized controlled study, in which all participants attended group nutrition education sessions, and recorded their goal progress with NutriMetas (experimental group, n=26) or on paper (control group, n=26). Multilevel mixed models were used to assess anthropometric changes (weight, BMI, body fat percentage and waist circumference between groups). Results: The experimental group had a mean weight-loss of 2.1±2.6 kg in comparison to 0.7±1.6 kg for the control group (p=0.08). Attributes of appearance, effectiveness, efficiency, and ease of use of NutriMetas were rated favorably by a majority of program participants. Conclusions: NutriMetas mobile application was an effective tool when used as part of the group weight loss nutrition intervention.
Assuntos
Análise de MediaçãoRESUMO
Introducción y objetivo: los sistemas de ayuda a la decisión médica (SADM) son sistemas computacionales que utilizan dispositivos inteligentes, lo que facilita el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de múltiples patologías, transformando la atención sanitaria en un sistema dinámico y de precisión. Las úlceras de etiología vascular representan un importante problema de salud que suponen un gran consumo de recursos. La transformación digital puede mejorarla calidad de los diagnósticos, de los tratamientos y de los seguimiento de los pacientes, mejorando la eficacia y la eficiencia de la asistencia sanitaria. El objetivo es desarrollar una aplicación móvil que facilite el diagnóstico y el tratamiento de úlceras de etiología vascular. Métodos: para desarrollar este SADM se elaboraron algoritmos para los diagnósticos y los tratamientos capaces de generar una respuesta correcta, guiando al usuario hacia un diagnóstico más probable o a la aplicación del tratamiento específico. En Android se empleó el entorno de programación Android Studio y el lenguaje de programación JAVA, y para el desarrollo en iOS se empleó XCode y el lenguaje de programación Swift. El diagnóstico de úlceras de etiología vascular incluye: úlcera neuropática, isquémica, neuroisquémica, venosa o flebostática, úlceramixta y úlcera hipertensiva o de Martorell. Resultados: UlcerAPP es visual e intuitiva. Orientará en el diagnóstico en respuesta a los algoritmos desarrollados. Además, podrá accederse al tratamiento específico de cada una de ellas. Incluirá recomendaciones de seguimiento y criterios de derivación. Conclusiones: UlcerAPP es un proyecto desarrollado para mejorar el manejo clínico de las úlceras en el entorno de la Atención Primaria y potenciar el conocimiento de la patología vascular y del tratamiento de las úlceras de dicha etiología. (AU)
Introduction and objective: decision support systems (DSS) are computer systems that use computer devicesor smartphones, facilitating the diagnosis and properly treatment of multiple pathologies, transforming healthcare into a dynamic, preventive and precision system. Vascular ulcers represent an important health problem, witha great consumption of resources. Digital transformation can improve the quality of diagnoses, treatments andpatient follow-up, and therefore improve the effectiveness and efficiency of healthcare. This paper aims to develop UlcerApp, a totally new mobile DSS for vascular ulcers management, which facilitates the diagnosis, treatment andmonitoring of ulcers of vascular etiology, in the primary health care. Methods: for achieving the main purpose of this research work, a decision algorithm will be developed and implemented by an Android (Android Studio- JAVA) and iOS (XCode- Switf ) mobile applications. Results: the App developed which implements the algorithms UlcerApp is capable of diagnose 6 kind of vascularulcers: neuropathic, ischemic, neuroischemic, venous ulcer, mixed ulcer and hypertensive or Martorell ulcer. UlcerAPP is a visual and intuitive application that will guide the user to correct diagnosis. After them, users will be able to access the specific treatment. It will include follow-up recommendations as well as referral criteria. Conclusions: UlcerAPP is a project developed to improve the clinical management of vascular ulcers in the primary health care, enhance knowledge of vascular pathology and treatment of ulcers of said etiology. (AU)
Assuntos
Úlcera/diagnóstico , Lesões do Sistema Vascular/diagnóstico , Telemedicina , Sistemas de Apoio a Decisões Clínicas , Aplicações da Informática Médica , Aplicativos MóveisRESUMO
Introducción La litiasis renal (LR) es una enfermedad urológica común, que a menudo requiere de cuidados a largo plazo. Las tecnologías de salud móvil (m-Salud) y salud electrónica (e-Salud) tienen el potencial de mejorar el manejo de las enfermedades crónicas e impactar sobre los patrones de la conducta. Para evaluar la aplicabilidad de estas herramientas en la mejora del tratamiento y la prevención de la LR, nos propusimos evaluar los datos actuales sobre el uso, los beneficios y las limitaciones de la m-Salud y la e-Salud en la LR. Métodos Se realizó una revisión sistemática de los estudios de investigación primaria sobre m-Salud y e-Salud en la evaluación y tratamiento de la LR. Dos investigadores independientes examinaron las citas por título y resumen para determinar su pertinencia y, a continuación, se realizó una revisión del texto completo para obtener un resumen descriptivo de los estudios. Resultados Se incluyeron 37 artículos para el análisis. Las principales áreas de interés fueron: 1) botellas de agua «inteligentes» y aplicaciones de dispositivos móviles para el seguimiento del consumo de líquidos, que mostraron un aumento de la ingesta en la mayoría de los estudios; 2) plataformas de seguimiento de stent ureterales, que mejoraron la tasa de stent retenidos a largo plazo; 3) clínicas virtuales para el tratamiento de la LR, las cuales han mejorado el acceso, han reducido costes y han mostrado resultados satisfactorios; 4) plataformas de endoscopia para teléfonos inteligentes, que ofrecieron una buena calidad de imagen respecto a sus costes en entornos de recursos limitados, y 5) información sobre la LR en línea para pacientes, la cual generalmente se caracterizó por ser de mala calidad y/o precisión, particularmente en YouTube®. La mayoría de los estudios eran pruebas de concepto o estudios de intervención de un solo brazo, con una evaluación limitada de la eficacia o de los resultados clínicos a largo plazo. Conclusiones ... (AU)
Introduction Kidney stone disease (KSD) is a common urological condition that often requires long-term care. Mobile health (mHealth) and eHealth technologies have the potential to enhance chronic disease management and behavioral change. To assess opportunities to apply these tools to improve KSD treatment and prevention, we aimed to assess current evidence on the use, benefits, and limitations of mHealth and eHealth in KSD. Methods We performed a systematic review of primary research studies of mHealth and eHealth in the evaluation and management of KSD. Two independent researchers screened citations by title and abstract for relevance, then full-text review was performed for descriptive summary of the studies. Results A total of 37 articles were included for analysis. Primary domains of evidence included: 1) smart water bottles and mobile-device apps for tracking fluid consumption, which showed increased intake in most studies; 2) ureteral stent tracking platforms, which improved the rate of long-term retained stents; 3) virtual stone clinics, which have been suggested to increase access, lower costs, and have satisfactory outcomes; 4) smartphone-based endoscopy platforms, which offered cost-effective image quality in resource-limited settings; 5) patient information about KSD online, which was typically characterized as poor quality and/or accuracy, particularly on YouTube. Most studies were proof-of-concept or single-arm intervention designs, with limited assessment of effectiveness or long-term clinical outcomes. Conclusions Mobile and eHealth technologies have significant real-world applications to KSD prevention, intervention, and patient education. A lack of rigorous effectiveness studies currently limits evidence-based conclusions and incorporation in clinical guidelines. (AU)
Assuntos
Aplicações da Informática Médica , Nefrolitíase/prevenção & controle , Telemedicina/instrumentação , Telemedicina/tendênciasRESUMO
Resumen El cuidado materno es un asunto prioritario en la prestación de servicios de salud, por lo que se trabaja continuamente en la mejora de la atención a las embarazadas. Este esfuerzo requiere información que ayude a establecer la efectividad de las estrategias empleadas, acorde a las necesidades de la población. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar la disponibilidad, el acceso y uso de las tecnologías de la información y comunicación (TIC) en las embarazadas atendidas por la Secretaría de Salud del Estado de Veracruz, México, así como identificar las necesidades que pueden ser resueltas o apoyadas mediante su uso. Se diseñó y aplicó un cuestionario a una muestra estratificada de 709 embarazadas, usuarias de servicios de salud del primer nivel de atención, de la ciudad de Xalapa. Los resultados mostraron que el 91.9 % del total de las mujeres encuestadas usarían alguna de las TIC para el cuidado de su salud durante el embarazo. El 95.0 % de las entrevistadas disponía de teléfono móvil, de las cuales, el 68.4 % podían conectarse a internet exclusivamente a través del celular por las funciones que poseían sus teléfonos, aunque solo el 58.0 % lo utilizaría para el cuidado de su salud. El uso de la internet representó una herramienta de gran utilidad para prestar servicios administrativos, preventivos, de promoción a la salud o de atención. Este grupo manifestó interés por el uso de las TIC para el cuidado y atención durante su embarazo, especialmente para recibir información de salud, detectar riesgos en el embarazo o problemas y necesidades específicas de la mujer. Dichos resultados sugieren que es viable promover estrategias de eSalud y mSalud en el primer nivel de atención en México.
Abstract Maternal care is a priority issue in the provision of health services, this is why we continuously work on improving care for pregnant women. This effort requires basic information that helps establish the effectiveness of the employed strategies, according to the needs of the population. This paper aims to determine the availability, access and use of information and communication technologies (ICT) in the primary care of pregnant women treated by the Health Secretary of the State of Veracruz, Mexico. It also intends to identify the needs that can be resolved or supported through the use of ICT. A questionnaire was designed and administered to a stratified sample of 709 pregnant women who were users of primary care health services in the city of Xalapa. The results showed that 91.9 % of all surveyed women would use at least one of the ICT for their health care during pregnancy. 95.0 % of those interviewed had a mobile phone, of which 68.4 % could connect to the Internet exclusively through cell phones because of the functions that their phones possessed. However, only 58.0 % would use it for their health care. The use of the internet represented a very useful tool to provide administrative, preventive, health promotion or care services. This group expressed interest for the use of ICT for care and attention during their pregnancy, especially to receive health information, detect risks in pregnan-су or problems and specific needs of women. These results suggest that it is feasible to promote eHealth and mHealth strategies at the primary care level in Mexico.
RESUMO
La telemedicina se define como el uso de la tecnología electrónica para la información y la comunicación de los profesionales de la salud con los pacientes, objetivando brindar y apoyar la atención médica a estos últimos fuera de las instituciones de salud. Esta revisión sistemática de la literatura durante la última década (2013-2022) investiga el uso de la telemedicina en pacientes con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC). Identificamos 53 publicaciones relacionadas con: (1) telemonitorización domiciliaria; (2) teleeducación y autocuidados; (3) telerehabilitación, y (4) salud móvil (mHealth). Los resultados mostraron que, aunque la evidencia aún es débil en muchos de estos dominios, los resultados son positivos en términos de mejora del estado de salud, uso de recursos de atención médica, viabilidad y satisfacción del paciente. Destacamos que no se identificaron problemas de seguridad. Por lo tanto, la telemedicina puede considerarse actualmente como un complemento potencial a la atención sanitaria habitual. (AU)
Telemedicine is defined as the use of electronic technology for information and communication by healthcare professionals with patients (or care givers) aiming at providing and supporting healthcare to patients away from healthcare institutions. This systematic review over the last decade (20132022) investigates the use of telemedicine in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We identified 53 publications related to: (1) home tele-monitorization; (2) tele-education and self-management; (3) telerehabilitation; and (4) mobile health (mHealth). Results showed that, although evidence is still weak in many of these domains, results are positive in terms of improvement of health-status, use of health-care resources, feasibility, and patient satisfaction. Importantly, no safety issues were identified. Thus, telemedicine can be considered today as a potential complement to usual healthcare. (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Nível de Saúde , Satisfação do Paciente , Doença Pulmonar Obstrutiva Crônica/terapia , TelemedicinaRESUMO
Introducción: las tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones se han convertido en elementos facilitadores esenciales en casi todos los ámbitos de interés humano. Una variante de aplicación muy utilizada en la actualidad es la Salud Electrónica, de la cual se describen varias aplicaciones. Entre ellas algunas son bien conocidas y utilizadas en Cuba, pero la Salud Móvil como vía de acceso a sectores poblacionales se mantiene poco estudiada. Objetivos: explorar las diferentes modalidades de implementación de Salud Móvil y sus posibilidades de utilización en Cuba.Métodos: análisis documental a partir de información recuperada en Internet que permitió: identificar las diversas modalidades de uso de Salud Móvil a nivel mundial y los principales retos y oportunidades para su implementación en Cuba. Conclusiones: se reconoce la Salud Móvil como alternativa de probada eficacia para el abordaje de temas de interés a los profesionales de la salud y a los receptores de sus servicios. En Cuba, a pesar de no existir las condiciones ideales para su completa explotación, se puede incursionar en la variante de envío de mensajería de texto con temas de salud. Se propone una intervención de enfermería encaminada a utilizar técnicas de Salud Móvil en la gestión del cuidado, dirigida a personas que viven con VIH/sida(AU)
Introduction: Information and communication technologies have become facilitating elements in every area of human interest. A variable application much used currently is Electronic Health, of which several apps are described. Among them, some are much known and widely used in Cuba, but Mobile Health, as a way to access population sectors, is still scarcely studied. Objectives: To explore the different modalities for implementing Mobile Health and its possibilities to be used in Cuba. Methods: Document analysis starting from information recovered in the Internet which permitted: to identify the different modalities of using Mobile Health worldwide and the main challenges and opportunities for its Cuba implementation.Conclusions: Mobile Health is acknowledged as an alternative of proved efficacy for tackling interest topics by the health professionals and services receivers. In Cuba, despite the fact that there are not ideal conditions for its whole exploitation, sending text message as a variant could be implemented with health topics. A nursing intervention is proposed directed to using health techniques of Mobile Health in care management, directed to people living with HIV/AIDS(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Desenvolvimento Tecnológico/políticas , Comunicação em Saúde , Implementação de Plano de Saúde , Cuidados de Enfermagem/métodos , Promoção da SaúdeRESUMO
Introducción: las tecnologías de la información y las comunicaciones se han convertido en elementos facilitadores esenciales en casi todos los ámbitos de interés humano. Una variante de aplicación muy utilizada en la actualidad es la Salud Electrónica, de la cual se describen varias aplicaciones. Entre ellas algunas son bien conocidas y utilizadas en Cuba, pero la Salud Móvil como vía de acceso a sectores poblacionales se mantiene poco estudiada. Objetivos: explorar las diferentes modalidades de implementación de Salud Móvil y sus posibilidades de utilización en Cuba. Métodos: análisis documental a partir de información recuperada en Internet que permitió: identificar las diversas modalidades de uso de Salud Móvil a nivel mundial y los principales retos y oportunidades para su implementación en Cuba. Conclusiones: se reconoce la Salud Móvil como alternativa de probada eficacia para el abordaje de temas de interés a los profesionales de la salud y a los receptores de sus servicios. En Cuba, a pesar de no existir las condiciones ideales para su completa explotación, se puede incursionar en la variante de envío de mensajería de texto con temas de salud. Se propone una intervención de enfermería encaminada a utilizar técnicas de Salud Móvil en la gestión del cuidado, dirigida a personas que viven con VIH/sida(AU)
Introduction: Information and communication technologies have become facilitating elements in every area of human interest. A variable application much used currently is Electronic Health, of which several apps are described. Among them, some are much known and widely used in Cuba, but Mobile Health, as a way to access population sectors, is still scarcely studied. Objectives: To explore the different modalities for implementing Mobile Health and its possibilities to be used in Cuba. Methods: Document analysis starting from information recovered in the Internet which permitted: to identify the different modalities of using Mobile Health worldwide and the main challenges and opportunities for its Cuba implementation. Conclusions: Mobile Health is acknowledged as an alternative of proved efficacy for tackling interest topics by the health professionals and services receivers. In Cuba, despite the fact that there are not ideal conditions for its whole exploitation, sending text message as a variant could be implemented with health topics. A nursing intervention is proposed directed to using health techniques of Mobile Health in care management, directed to people living with HIV/AIDS(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Desenvolvimento Tecnológico/políticas , Comunicação em Saúde , Cuidados de Enfermagem/métodos , Tecnologia da Informação , Promoção da SaúdeRESUMO
Resumen Antecedentes: la diabetes mellitus (DM) afecta al 12,8 % de los costarricenses. Recientemente, se ha presentado en Costa Rica un auge en el uso de tecnología móvil que permite innovar en el campo de aplicaciones móviles para la diabétes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2). Objetivo: explorar las perspectivas de pacientes y profesionales de la salud sobre los aspectos que podría contener una aplicación móvil para apoyar la adherencia del tratamiento en pacientes con DM2 en Costa Rica. Materiales y métodos: se utilizó un enfoque cualitativo para explorar la perspectiva de los participantes respecto al diseño de una aplicación móvil para DM2. Se aplicaron entrevistas semiestructuradas y grupos focales a 16 pacientes con DM2; y entrevistas semiestructuradas a 12 profesionales en salud (nutricionistas, enfermeras y médicos endocrinólogos). Resultados: solo dos pacientes habían utilizado una aplicación móvil para la DM2, y dos profesionales han recomendado su uso. Ambos grupos tienen intención de utilizar esta herramienta. La función de común interés es el registro de glucemia, aunque también se mencionaron otras. Los profesionales recomiendan supervisión continua en el uso de estas aplicaciones móviles. Conclusiones: los posibles usuarios brindan información valiosa con respecto a sus necesidades y expectativas de una aplicación móvil para DM2 para Costa Rica. La sencillez y el hecho de ser una aplicación móvil adaptada a Costa Rica son las características deseables más mencionadas.
Abstract Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) affects 12.8% of the population in Costa Rica. Mobile technology use has increased in Costa Rica, potentially allowing for innovations in T2DM care. Objective: This study aimed to explore participants' perspectives related to the design of a mobile application to support T2DM care in Costa Rica. Materials and Methods: A qualitative design was used to explore participants' perspectives. Focus groups and semi-structured interviews were conducted with 16 T2DM patients, and semi-structured interviews were held with 12 healthcare professionals (nutritionists, nurses and medical doctors). Results: Only two patients had ever used an app for T2DM care, and only two professionals had previously recommended the use of these mobile applications. Both groups were willing to use these mobile applications. The most common function for which both groups showed interest was the record of blood glucose, but other functions were also mentioned. Healthcare professionals recommended continuous professional supervision in the use of these mobile applications. Conclusions: Potential mobile application users provide valuable insight regarding their needs and expectations for a T2DM care mobile application. Simplicity and being culturally adapted to Costa Rica are the most desirable mobile application features mentioned by the sample.
RESUMO
La mSalud permite dar acceso y continuidad a la atención y cuidado de salud a personas que por su condición o lejanía de otra manera no podrían tener, acercando al equipo de salud al punto del cuidado donde la persona requiere la atención. Este estudio experimental randomizado, cuanti-cualitativo, longitudinal, tiene por propósito diseñar un registro electrónico móvil para el cuidado domiciliario del paciente postrado. En este artículo se da a conocer la primera de 6 fases que contempla el estudio, la de determinación de requerimientos de información, permitiendo reconocer la necesidad de sistematizar procesos clínicos y administrativos, así como representar el flujo de trabajo de los clínicos y representar el cuidado de las personas en el hogar(AU)
The mHealth can provide access and continuity of health care to people who's for condition or distance not might otherwise have. It allows approaching the health team to the point where the person requires health care. This randomized experimental study, quantitative qualitative longitudinal have the purpose to design a mobile electronic health record for home care patient bedridden. In this paper discloses the first of six phases that includes the study, the determination of information requirements, allowing recognize the need to systematize clinical and administrative processes, and represent the workflow of clinical care of people in the household(AU)