How developing a point of need training tool for evidence synthesis can improve librarian support for researchers.

Medical and health sciences librarians who are involved in evidence synthesis projects will know that systematic reviews are intensely rigorous, requiring research teams to devote significant resources to the methodological process. As expert searchers, librarians are often identified as personnel to conduct the database searching portion and/or are approached as experts in the methodology to guide research teams through the lifecycle of the project. This research method has surged in popularity at our campus and demand for librarian participation is unsustainable. As a response to this, the library created self-directed learning objects in the form of roadmap to assist researchers in learning about the knowledge synthesis methodology in an expedient, self-directed manner. This paper will discuss the creation, implementation and feedback around our educational offering: Systematic & Scoping Reviews: Your Roadmap to Conducting an Evidence Synthesis.

Activity of the Tobacco Industry in Research and Scientific Literature.

Introduction: Tobacco companies conduct and fund research. They are not always interested in open-ended research. They promote their interests through public relations campaigns. It's a proven fact that they influence the scientific community by impairing scientific reputation, especially in the case of health-related research. Methods: To obtain a comprehensive picture of research and funding activities of the tobacco industry as well as studies about the tobacco industry, respective scientific articles were analyzed in terms of temporal aspects, research areas, networking, and funding sources using established and advanced bibliometric methods. Results: We found the foci of publications with tobacco industry involvement or funding were mainly in chemistry, toxicology, pharmacology, and agricultural sciences. Health-related scopes occurred much less frequently. In contrast, health and medical sciences were the main focus of publications on the tobacco industry. The Chinese state-owned CNTC was the most research-involved tobacco company and often networked with Chinese academic institutions. Whereas, Western universities, on the other hand, collaborated with tobacco companies to a much lesser extent. Conclusion: Conflicts of interest of researchers or academic institutions with the tobacco industry occur repeatedly. That is highly problematic and should not be ignored by the scientific community. The science and the public should be skeptical about tobacco industry-supported research.

Assessing National Institutes of Health Prevention Research on Leading Causes of Death Focused on Racial or Ethnic Minority Populations, Fiscal Years 2016-2020.

Objective: To characterize the National Institutes of Health (NIH) prevention research portfolio on leading causes of death focused on racial or ethnic minority populations. Research Design: Longitudinal analysis of NIH-funded prevention research projects from FY2016-FY2020. Measures: Project characteristics including type of prevention, study design, budget, minority health focus, and causes of death addressed. Results: Minority health projects comprised 27.0% of prevention projects and 33.1% of funding across all leading causes of death. Homicide (42.9%), diabetes (36.3%), and stroke (35.5%) had the highest proportion of minority health projects and suicide (20.2%), Alzheimer disease (18.8%), and pneumonia or influenza (8.3%) the lowest. Most minority health projects focused on identifying risk factors or on primary prevention efforts (80.3%). Most projects had an observational design (80.0%), and this predominance was observed for each cause of death. There was a significant correlation between the proportion of minority health projects for cause of death and the ratio of minorities versus non-minorities mortality rate. Conclusions: Only about one-fourth of NIH-funded prevention research on leading causes of death focused on racial or ethnic minorities, who currently comprise about 40% of the US population. Only a small fraction of minority health prevention projects included an intervention design, suggesting a limited contribution to the evidence base on effective interventions to address racial or ethnic mortality disparities. Also, we identified that the number of projects increase where mortality rate disparities are higher. This portfolio analysis provides a useful baseline to assess future progress in building the minority health prevention research portfolio, a critical component to promoting health equity in population health.

Clinical Research Support Activities in Core Clinical Research Hospitals Throughout Japan.

We evaluated the current status of supporting activities in core clinical research hospitals across Japan using the Japan Registry of Clinical Trials (jRCT) data given the lack of previous research objectively investigated supporting activities for clinical trials in core clinical research hospitals throughout Japan. Briefly, our findings showed that despite the officially supposed cooperation scheme, core clinical research hospitals have not been the primarily selected contractor for clinical research supporters. Considering that core clinical research hospitals are designated spearhead physician-led clinical trials and are responsible for ensuring the quality of such trials, there is a need to determine why the officially supposed cooperative scheme between core and non-core hospitals are still not established in Japan in order to increase the development and quality of Japanese clinical research with maximum efficiency moving forward.

Insuficiencias en proyectos de investigación de residentes de Estomatología General Integral: alerta necesaria

Fundamento: los proyectos de tesis de los residentes representan una de las actividades fundamentales en su desarrollo científico. Objetivo: describir las principales dificultades encontradas en los proyectos de investigación de los residentes de Estomatología General Integral. Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo retrospectivo en la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de Sagua la Grande en el periodo 2014-2022. Se utilizaron métodos teóricos y empíricos para la fundamentación de la investigación y recogida de información. Se confeccionó un modelo para la recogida de datos extraídos de los proyectos, y se elaboró una base de datos para su almacenamiento. Resultados: las principales dificultades constatadas fueron: no sustentar adecuadamente la investigación, dificultades en la redacción del problema científico, específicamente en la relación entre el problema y el tipo de investigación, la conceptualización y/o operacionalización de las variables, la selección y elaboración de los métodos, técnicas e instrumentos para la recogida de la información y la acotación de la bibliografía por normas de Vancouver. Conclusiones: se constataron las principales dificultades en los proyectos de investigación de los residentes de Estomatología General Integral por la necesidad de que desarrollen habilidades investigativas desde el primer año de formación, para un mejor desempeño profesional, a partir de la aplicación del método científico en la solución de los problemas de salud bucal que se presenten en su quehacer diario.

Background: residents' thesis projects represent one of the fundamental activities in their scientific development. Objective: to describe the main difficulties found in the research projects of Comprehensive General dentistry residents. Methods: a retrospective descriptive observational study was carried out at Sagua la Grande Faculty of Medical Sciences from 2014 to 2022. Theoretical and empirical methods were used to support the research and collect information. A model was created for data collection extracted from the projects, and a database was created for its storage. Results: the main difficulties found were: not adequately supporting the research, difficulties in writing the scientific problem, specifically in the relationship between the problem and the type of research, the conceptualization and/or operationalization of the variables, the selection and preparation of the methods, techniques and instruments for collecting information and delimiting the bibliography according to Vancouver standards. Conclusions: the main difficulties were confirmed in the research projects of the residents of Comprehensive General Dentistry due to the need for them to develop research skills from the first year of training, for better professional performance, based on the application of the scientific method in the solution to oral health problems that arise in everyday life.

Construction and operational practice of the clinical research support platform based on research wards / 中华医学科研管理杂志

Objective:This study aims to summarize the construction and operation results of a clinical research support platform in a large grade A tertiary hospital in Beijing, and to explore the top-level design, functional positioning, and operation management based on research wards, thereby providing a reference for improving the clinical research support system in China.Methods:Guided by the needs of clinical research, the clinical research support platform consisted of seven core functional units, including the clinical trial platform, medical ethical review platform, medical experiment and clinical testing platform, clinical research big data platform, clinical research methodology platform, scientific and technological achievements transformation platform, and biobank.Results:The clinical research support platform with perfect functions, scientific management, and efficient operation can provide strong technical support for efficient operation of research wards, high-quality development of clinical trials, and rapid transformation of innovative results.Conclusions:A high-level clinical research support platform can effectively integrate medical resources, promote resource sharing and cooperation, promote the deep integration of industry, academia, research, and medicine, and enhance the collaboration and scientific level of clinical research.

Analysis of funding in nuclear medicine and molecular imaging research projects supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China from 2013 to 2022 / 中华核医学与分子影像杂志

Objective:To analyze the application and funding status of various projects of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) from 2013 to 2022, and explore the challenges faced by basic research and clinical transformation in this field.Methods:From 2013 to 2022, application and funding information of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging projects (secondary code H2704, H2706) from five departments of Medical Science Department of NSFC were retrospectively collected. The number of applications, number of funding, funding direction, funding intensity, distribution of supporting units and research hotspots of various projects in this field were analyzed.Results:From 2013 to 2022, the total number of applications of various projects in the field of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging reached 5 387, and the total number of grants reached 899. The number of applications and grants showed a steady growth trend. The overall funding intensity increased from 48.935 0 million yuan in 2013 to 59.495 4 million yuan in 2022, with the increase of 21.58%. Among all supporting units, Shanghai Jiao Tong University topped the list for both the number of applications (440) and the number of grants (82), Xiamen University ranked the first in terms of overall funding rate (25.42%, 30/118), and Peking University ranked the first in terms of total funding intensity (41.897 1 million yuan). Research hotspots focused on the construction of tumor targeted molecular probes and precise imaging of tumor internal molecular components.Conclusion:In the past decade, the number of related projects and total funding of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging supported by NSFC have steadily increased, and the types of funded projects are diverse and interdisciplinary, promoting the innovative development of nuclear medicine and molecular imaging disciplines in China.

Modelo de evaluación de la competencia investigativa del licenciado en Imagenología / Model for evaluating the researching competence of the graduate in Imaging

Fundamento: la evaluación del desempeño profesional y la competencia constituye el eje fundamental del modelo cubano para el análisis y evaluación de la calidad en la educación y práctica médicas. Objetivo: diseñar un modelo de evaluación de la competencia investigativa del licenciado en Imagenología. Métodos: se realizó una investigación de desarrollo en los centros de atención secundaria del municipio Holguín desde 2021 a 2022. Se emplearon métodos teóricos: histórico-lógico, análisis-síntesis, sistémico-estructural-funcional y modelación; y empíricos: análisis documental y cuestionario a licenciados en Imagenología. Para la valoración del modelo se empleó el criterio de 10 especialistas con reconocido prestigio en los centros de atención. Los indicadores fueron la pertinencia, utilidad, factibilidad. Resultados: se constataron insuficiencias en la competencia investigativa evidenciadas en el desempeño profesional. Se elaboró un modelo de evaluación compuesto por dos subsistemas: teórico funcional y contextualización; de sus relaciones deviene una nueva cualidad que se enuncia en la mejora del desempeño profesional investigativo para la solución de problemas tecnológicos y biomédicos. Conclusiones: los dos subsistemas que componen el modelo de evaluación de la competencia investigativa tienen una relación de coordinación. Los especialistas lo valoraron como pertinente, útil y factible de ser aplicado.

Background: the evaluation of professional performance and competence constitutes the fundamental axis of the Cuban model for the analysis and evaluation of quality in medical education and practice. Objective: to design a model for evaluating the research competence of the graduate in Imaging. Methods: a development investigation was carried out in the secondary care centers of the Holguín municipality from 2021 to 2022. Theoretical methods were used: historical-logical, analysis-synthesis, systemic-structural-functional and modeling; and empirical: documentary analysis and questionnaire to graduates in Imaging. To evaluate the model, the criteria of 10 specialists with recognized prestige in care centers were used. The indicators were relevance, usefulness, feasibility. Results: insufficiencies in the researching competence were found, evidenced in professional performance. An evaluation model composed of two subsystems was developed: functional theory and contextualization; from their relationships becomes a new quality that is expressed in the improvement of professional researching performance for the solution of technological and biomedical problems. Conclusions: the two subsystems that make up the research competence evaluation model have a coordination relationship. The specialists valued it as pertinent, useful and feasible to be applied.

El paradigma de investigación cualitativa en la educación médica / The qualitative research paradigm in medical education

RESUMEN Introducción: la investigación cualitativa aplicada a la salud reconoce la interdependencia entre el investigador y los actores que participan en el proceso de construcción del conocimiento. La influencia de este paradigma viene dada por la importancia que le da al conocimiento del sentido común, la vida cotidiana, el espacio donde transcurre y se construye la existencia, a fin de encontrar respuestas y otras dimensiones al proceso salud-enfermedad. Objetivo: exponer la importancia de los principales elementos del paradigma de investigación cualitativa en la salud a través de la educación médica. Métodos: se realizó una revisión de fuentes bibliográficas y documentos obtenidos de búsquedas en Google Académico y SciELO, bases de datos en Infomed a partir de palabras claves definidas durante el período 2016-2020. Se seleccionaron 37 documentos que incluyeron normativas y estudios clásicos vinculados a la temática. El análisis de contenido de los documentos seleccionados permitió exponer la importancia sobre los principales elementos del paradigma de investigación cualitativa en salud los que fueron valorados críticamente teniendo en cuanta la experiencia de los autores. Desarrollo: la investigación cualitativa explora la concepción cultural y simbólica que la población tiene. Es útil para comprender los aspectos subjetivos de la salud y la enfermedad, genera información valiosa sobre el contexto-ambiente, vivencias y significados que construyen los sujetos. Conclusiones: lo cualitativo en la investigación en salud permite adentrarse en el mundo del sentido común y búsqueda de significados para poder encontrarle sentido al síntoma, al signo desde lo subjetivo vivido por quien lo padece.

ABSTRACT Introduction: Qualitative research applied to health recognizes the interdependence between the researcher and the actors who participate in the knowledge construction process. The influence of this paradigm is given by the importance it gives to the knowledge of common sense, daily life, the space where existence takes place and it is built, in order to find answers and other dimensions to the health-disease process. Objective: to present the importance of the main elements of the paradigm of qualitative research in health through medical education. Methods: a review of bibliographic sources and documents obtained from searches in Google Scholar, SciELO, and Info med databases was carried out based on keywords defined during the 2016-2020 period. 37 documents were selected that included regulations and classic studies related to the topic. The content analysis of the selected documents allowed exposing the importance of the main elements of the qualitative research paradigm in health, which were critically assessed taking into account the experience of the authors. Development: qualitative research explores the cultural and symbolic conception that the population has. It is useful to understand the subjective aspects of health and disease, it generates valuable information about the context-environment, experiences and meanings that the subjects construct. Conclusions: the qualitative paradigm in health research allows entering the world of common sense and search for meanings to be able to find meaning to the symptom, to the sign from the subjective experience of those who suffer from it.

Tareas docentes para el desarrollo de habilidades investigativas en la Licenciatura en Enfermería / Teaching tasks for the development of researching skills in the Bachelor of Nursing degree

RESUMEN Fundamento: la tarea docente constituye la célula básica del proceso docente educativo, a la vez que es una vía para la formación y desarrollo de las habilidades investigativas en los estudiantes. Objetivo: diseñar tareas docentes para la asignatura Farmacología I de Licenciatura en Enfermería como vía para el desarrollo de habilidades investigativas. Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal en la Facultad de Ciencias Médicas de Cienfuegos durante el primer semestre del curso 2018-2019 en los estudiantes de segundo año de la Licenciatura en Enfermería. Se utilizaron métodos del nivel teórico: analítico-sintético, inductivo-deductivo, histórico-lógico y sistémico-estructural; del nivel empírico: el análisis documental, criterio de expertos y matemáticos. Resultados: el análisis de los informes escritos de investigación realizados por los estudiantes permitió diagnosticar el comportamiento de las habilidades investigativas, donde se evidenció que la mayoría estuvieron evaluados de regular en las variables estudiadas. Se diseñaron las tareas docentes desde la asignatura de Farmacología I y se compararon los resultados al final de su aplicación en el proceso docente educativo, donde se constataron resultados favorables. Conclusiones: se diseñaron tareas docentes desde la asignatura Farmacología I de Licenciatura en Enfermería para desarrollar habilidades investigativas, a fin de elevar la calidad de los futuros profesionales, las cuales fueron valoradas satisfactoriamente por los especialistas.

ABSTRACT Background: the teaching task constitutes the basic cell of the teaching-learning process, at the same time that it is a way for the formation and development of researchingt skills in students. Objective: to design teaching tasks for the Pharmacology I subject of the Nursing Degree as a way to develop researching skills. Methods: a cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in the Faculty of Medical Sciences of Cienfuegos during the first semester of the 2018-2019 academic year in the second year students of the Bachelor of Nursing degree. Theoretical level methods were used: analytical-synthetic, inductive-deductive, historical-logical and systemic-structural; of the empirical level: documentary analysis, expert and mathematical criteria. Results: the analysis of the written research reports made by the students allowed diagnosing the behavior of the researching skills, where it was shown that the majority were evaluated as average in the variables studied. The teaching tasks were designed from the subject of Pharmacology I and the results were compared at the end of its implementation in the teaching teaching process, where favorable results were verified. Conclusions: teaching tasks were designed from the Pharmacology I subject of the Nursing Degree to develop researching skills, in order to raise the quality of future professionals, which were satisfactorily assessed by the specialists.

Embedded implementation research determinants in Latin American health systems

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To assess the determinants of embedded implementation research (EIR) conduct in seven Latin American and Caribbean countries. METHODS: This qualitative interpretative study conducted and analyzed 14 semi-structured interviews based on a grounded theory approach using Atlas-ti© 7.5.7. We grouped the conditions appointed by interviewees as determinants of EIR conduct into six domains. RESULTS: The participation of high-level engaged decision makers as research co-producers is an important EIR determinant that fosters research use. Nevertheless, EIR faces challenges such as dealing with key personnel changes and fluctuating political contexts. CONCLUSIONS: Despite its limitations, EIR is effective in creating a sense of ownership of research results among implementers, which helps bridge the gap between research and decision-making in health systems.

Producción de las sociedades científicas de estudiantes de medicina en Perú / Production of the scientific societies of medical students in Peru

Introducción: Las escuelas de medicina en Perú tienen un papel importante en la producción científica y el desarrollo en salud del país. Las Sociedades Científicas de Estudiantes de Medicina promueven la investigación entre sus miembros. Sin embargo, no se conocen la evolución y el impacto de su producción científica en sus respectivas universidades. Objetivo: Describir la producción científica de las Sociedades Científicas de Estudiantes de Medicina en Perú durante el período 2002-2018. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, que analizó los artículos científicos publicados durante 2002-2018 por alguna de las Sociedades Científicas de Estudiantes de Medicina que estuvieron afiliadas a la Sociedad Científica Médico Estudiantil Peruana. Estos artículos se recolectaron mediante una búsqueda sistemática y por autorreporte de los miembros de las sociedades. Además, en cada caso se calculó el aporte a la producción científica en Scopus de las universidades de origen. Resultados: La Sociedad Científica Médico Estudiantil Peruana registró 39 Sociedades Científicas de Estudiantes de Medicina afiliadas, las cuales publicaron 856 artículos científicos entre 2002 y 2018. Existió una tendencia creciente del número de artículos. Del total de estos, 407 (47,6 por ciento) fueron originales, 390 (45,6 por ciento) estaban indizados a Scopus y 580 (67,8 por ciento) tenían como primer autor a un miembro de alguna sociedad. La mediana de artículos por Sociedades Científicas de Estudiantes de Medicina resultó de 11 (rango: 1 a 154). Durante el período 2015-2018, en 9/34 universidades, las Sociedades Científicas de Estudiantes de Medicina aportaron más de la cuarta parte de la producción científica de su universidad a Scopus. Conclusiones: Las Sociedades Científicas de Estudiantes de Medicina presentaron variable producción científica y en varios casos aportaron significativamente a la producción de artículos científicos de sus universidades(AU)

Introduction: Medical schools in Peru play an important role in scientific production and health development nationwide. The Scientific Societies of Medical Students promote research among their members. However, the evolution and impact of their scientific production in their respective universities are not known. Objective: To describe the scientific production of the Scientific Societies of Medical Students in Peru during the period 2002-2018. Methods: Descriptive study that analyzed the scientific articles published during 2002-2018 by any of the Scientific Societies of Medical Students affiliated with the Peruvian Student Medical Scientific Society. These articles were collected through systematic search and self-report by the members of the societies. Also, in each case, the contribution of the universities of origin to Scopus scientific production was calculated. Results: The Peruvian Student Medical Scientific Society registered 39 affiliated Scientific Societies of Medical Students, which published 856 scientific articles between 2002 and 2018. There was an increasing trend in the number of articles. Of that total, 407 (47.6 percent) were original articles, 390 (45.6 percent) were indexed in Scopus and 580 (67.8 percent) had a member of a Society as their first author. The median number of articles by Scientific Societies of Medical Students was 11 (range: 1 to 154). During the 2015-2018 period, in 9 of 34 universities, the Scientific Societies of Medical Students contributed to Scopus more than a quarter of the scientific production of their university. Conclusions: The Scientific Societies of Medical Students presented a diverse scientific production and, in several cases, contributed significantly to the production of scientific articles at their universities(AU)

La comunicación científica en investigaciones que asumen el enfoque cualitativo: una mirada valorativa / Scientific communication in researches that assume the qualitative approach: an evaluative view

RESUMEN Fundamento: la comunicación de los resultados científicos resulta un proceso complejo máxime si se trata de describir, narrar o valorar el proceso investigativo desde el enfoque cualitativo de la investigación. Objetivo: valorar algunos aspectos de la comunicación de los resultados científicos en investigaciones que asumen un enfoque cualitativo, relacionados con su defensa oral, redacción y metodología de la investigación. Métodos: se realizó un estudio exploratorio con enfoque cualitativo en la Universidad Central "Marta Abreu" de Las Villas durante noviembre-diciembre de 2020. Se utilizaron métodos teóricos: inductivo-deductivo, de lo abstracto a lo concreto y sistematización; empíricos: análisis documental de tesis, tesinas y otros trabajos de culminación de grado y la observación participante de los autores en diversos escenarios: defensas de doctorados y maestrías, actuando como oponentes o miembros de los diferentes tribunales, o como árbitros en la revisión de artículos científicos. Resultados: el análisis documental y la práctica contextualizada de los autores en diversos escenarios permitió constatar que no siempre los resultados científicos de estudios cualitativos se comunican con el rigor, claridad, exactitud y concreción que exigen las normas de este tipo de comunicación. A pesar de que se asume un enfoque cualitativo, en la lectura del texto científico no queda con suficiente claridad este posicionamiento, que en el área de las ciencias médicas suele ser altamente complejo por la versatilidad de su objeto de estudio. Otra de las problemáticas existentes consiste en la omisión de métodos y técnicas propios de la investigación científica. Conclusiones: la comunicación de resultados científicos en las investigaciones que asumen el enfoque cualitativo resulta un proceso dinámico y complejo por excelencia desde sus núcleos dialécticos a tono con el carácter social de la ciencia en sus análisis cualitativos.

ABSTRACT Background: the communication of scientific results is a complex process, especially when it comes to describing, narrating or evaluating the researching process from the qualitative approach of the investigation. Objective: to assess some aspects of the communication of scientific results in investigations that assume a qualitative approach. Methods: an exploratory study within the qualitative approach was carried out at "Marta Abreu" Central University of Las Villas from November to December 2020. Theoretical methods were used: inductive-deductive, from the abstract to the concrete and systematization; empirical ones: documentary analysis of theses, theses and other degree completion works and participant observation of the authors in various health institutions: defenses of doctorates and masters' degree , acting as opponents or members of the different scientific boards or as arbitrators in the review of articles scientists Results: the analysis of documents and the contextualized practice of the authors in various institutions has shown that the scientific results of qualitative studies are not always communicated with the rigor, clarity, accuracy and precision required by the norms of this type of communication. Although a qualitative approach is assumed, in reading the scientific text this position is not sufficiently clear, which in the area of ​​medical sciences it is usually highly complex given the versatility of its object of study. Another of the existing problems consists in the omission of methods and techniques of scientific research. Conclusions: the communication of scientific results in researches' which assume the qualitative approach is a living, dynamic and complex process par excellence from its dialectical core according to the social character of science and with the approach that is assumed.

Analysis on the layout of China’s emergency research projects during the public health emergency of COVID-19 / 中华医学科研管理杂志

Objective@#To explore the main layout and countermeasures of Scientific research projects during the public health emergency of COVID-19.@*Methods@#Literature investigation method is applied to collect information of scientific research and emergency research projects of COVID-19 funded since January 20th by different entities including national, provincial and municipal administrative departments, public health agencies, research institutes, universities and industries.@*Results@#Along with priorities identified for the emergency response and key research agendas, the national science and technology authorities at all levels and scientific research institutions have deployed a series of new science and technology projects, as well as a number of supporting policies and measures.@*Conclusions@#In the campaign of science and technology to deal with COVID-19, the leadership of Chinese government and their coordination with local agencies facilitated quick response in both R&D investment and supporting policies. Periodical achievement is recognized so far, and with the continuous development and in-depth research, the related scientific research results will be gathered into the core force of epidemic prevention. Moreover, it will improve China's capacity to deal with health emergencies and the level of medical health innovation, and better protect the health of the people.

Percepciones y creencias al uso de película comercial tipo epidemia/pandemia en el aula: Insumos para orientar el aprendizaje / Perceptions and beliefs to the use of epidemic / pandemic commercial film in the classroom: Inputs to guide learning

RESUMÉN Objetivo: Valorar el uso de la película comercial "Contagión" como estrategia para la enseñanza del método epidemiológico aplicado al campo de epidemias/pandemias. Materiales y métodos: Se trata de un proyecto de aula que involucró diversas tecnologías emergentes y de comunicación para disponer de herramientas atractivas y pedagógicas que favorezcan aprendizaje significativo para abordaje de temáticas complejas. La actuación pedagógica involucró diversos insumos: inicialmente se presenta la caracterización de un cuestionario "ah doc" que valoró creencias y percepciones ante una epidemia/pandemia y cómo visibilizaban entes de salud locales e internacionales, los científicos, la comunidad y el uso de película en el escenario de aprendizaje. Participaron 131 estudiantes. Resultados: En síntesis, los estudiantes identifican que este tipo de película muestra una realidad para el 70,2% (acuerdo y totalmente de acuerdo),favorece conductas de protección en un 80,2 % y al 78,6 % le modifica su conocimiento con respecto a la protección de salud. Favorece un aprendizaje en el aula, y para el 42 % se expresa de manera indiferente un estereotipo muy alejado de los científicos. Con este insumo inicial se desarrolló la sesión introductoria de abordaje de puntos críticos en la metodología epidemiológica ante una epidemia/pandemia; lo que permitió ilustrar la acción epidemiológica versus el contexto real o simulado, destacando actuaciones que involucran actos humanos. Conclusiones: Los estudiantes expresaron actitud positiva respecto a la estrategia utilizada en el aula, que se constituye en un insumo pertinente, activo, crítico y eficaz para el aprendizaje en el aula.

ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the use of commercial film "Contagion" as a strategy for teaching the epidemiological method applied to the field of epidemics/pandemics. Materials and methods: This is a classroom project that involved various emerging and communication technologies in order to have attractive and pedagogical tools that encourage meaningful learning to address complex issues. The pedagogical action involved several inputs: Initially, the characterization of an "ah doc." questionnaire was presented, which evaluated beliefs and perceptions in the face of an epidemic/pandemic and how local and international health entities, scientists, the community and the use of film in the learning scenario made them visible, with 131 students participating. Results: In summary, students identified that this type of film shows a reality "in agreement and total agreement in 70.2 %, favors protective behavior in 80.2 % and 78.6 % modify their knowledge with respect to health protection. This positions that it favors a learning in the classroom and for 42 % it expresses in an indifferent way a stereotype very far from the scientists. With this initial input, the introductory session was held to address critical points in the epidemiological methodology in the face of an epidemic/pandemic, which made it possible to illustrate the epidemiological action versus the real or simulated context by highlighting actions involving human acts. Conclusions: Students expressed a positive attitude towards the strategy used in the classroom, which constitutes a relevant, active, critical and effective input for classroom learning.

Desenvolvimento de pesquisas no Nordeste e a importância das Fundações de Amparo (2014-2016) / Research development in the Northeast and the importance of Amparo Foundations (2014-2016)

Resumo: A FAP é corresponsável pelo desenvolvimento científico, tecnológico e a inovação no país. Com o levantamento e análise de editais publicados no site das nove FAPs da região Nordeste, constatou-se o total de 316 editais entre 2014 e 2016. Observa-se, em sua maioria, apoio para eventos, publicações e programas de pós-graduação, além de pesquisas. O Serviço Social deve atentar para a importância dessa agência de fomento, na perspectiva da qualidade da formação e do exercício profissional.

Abstract: FAP is co-responsible for scientific, technological development and innovation in the country. The survey and analysis of notices published on the website of the nine FAPs in the Northeast Region, found 316 notices between the years 2014 to 2016. It was found that the funding is mostly used for events, publications and postgraduate programs, in addition to research. Social Work must pay attention to the importance of this funding agency, in view of the quality of training and professional practice.

Factores relacionados con el desarrollo de proyectos de investigación científica disciplinar por personal de enfermería / Factors related to the development of curricular scientific research projects made by the nursing staff

Introducción: es ineludible revisar la situación de la investigación en enfermería en relación con las condicionantes y dificultades que entraña esta actividad para los profesionales de enfermería. Objetivo: identificar los factores relacionados con el desarrollo de proyectos de investigación científica disciplinar por el personal de enfermería de un hospital de tercer nivel de atención del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS). Métodos: estudio descriptivo transversal que incluyó una muestra aleatoria de 177 enfermeras. Se aplicó un cuestionario diseñado para el estudio y estructurado con 25 preguntas, con alfa de Cronbach de 0.772. Las variables cualitativas se analizaron con porcentajes y frecuencias, y las cuantitativas con medidas de tendencia central y de dispersión. El análisis de factores se hizo con chi cuadrada. Resultados: la media de edad fue de 41 ± 7.91 años. El nivel académico del personal fue técnico en 46.9% y de licenciatura en 46.3%. El 15.3% del personal ha hecho proyectos de investigación; no obstante que el 5.6% del personal opina que casi siempre dedica tiempo para hacer investigación, 4.5% cuenta con apoyo económico en su área laboral para realizarla y 4% ha publicado. Fue significativa la relación entre quien hace investigación con el tiempo para su desarrollo (p < 0.05), así como con la publicación de artículos (p < 0.05). Conclusión: el desarrollo de proyectos de investigación científica disciplinar por el personal de enfermería está relacionado con el tiempo que dedican para ello y la publicación de artículos.

Introduction: It is unavoidable to review the status of nursing research, concerning the conditions and difficulties that this activity entails for nursing professionals. Objective: To identify the factors related to the development of curricular scientific research projects by the nursing staff from a third level hospital of the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS). Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive study which included a random sample of 177 nurses. A questionnaire designed for the study and structured with 25 questions was administered; it had a Cronbach's alpha of 0.772. Qualitative variables were analyzed with percentages and frequencies and quantitative variables with measures of central tendency and dispersion. The factor analysis was carried out with chi-square test. Results: Mean age was 41 ± 7.91 years. The school level of staff was technical in 46.9% and undergraduate in 46.3%. 15.3% has done research projects; despite the fact that 5.6% of staff believe that they almost always dedicate time to do research, 4.5% have financial support in their work area to carry it out and 4% have published. It was significant the relationship between those who carry out research with the time they take to develop it (p < 0.05), as well as with the publication of articles (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The development of curricular scientific research projects by nurses is related to the time they spend on it and the publication of articles.

A brief analysis of projects completed at the end of 2017 and funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China in the field of skin and its appendages / 中华皮肤科杂志

Objective To analyze projects completed at the end of 2017 and funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) in the field of skin and its appendages,in order to provide references for preparing concluding reports and making discipline development strategies in the future.Methods The concluding reports of projects completed at the end of 2017 and funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China in the field of skin and its appendages were collected from the Internet-based Science Information System.The achievements were analyzed,including journal articles,patents,talent training and monographs.Results A total of 91 projects were completed at the end of 2017 in the field of skin and its appendages,and the total cost of funds was 43.51 million RMB Yuan.A total of 452 journal articles were published,including 324 articles in the Science Citation Index (SCI)-indexed journals and 42 in the A Guide to the Core Journal of China-indexed journals.Additionally,0.74 SCI journal article and 0.10 Chinese core journal article could be produced per 100 000 RMB Yuan.The average impact factor of journals publishing these SCI articles was 3.972,and in average,100 000 RMB Yuan yielded 1 article in the journal with an impact factor of 2.92.Of the 324 published articles,46 and 102 were published in journals ranked within the first (Q1) and second (Q2) quartile,respectively,by Chinese Academy of Sciences.In all the SCI articles,14 were published in journals with impact factor of ＞ 10.There were 4 institutions with more than 5 completed projects,and a total of 129 (39.84％) SCI articles were published.Published SCI articles in the field of immune skin diseases accounted for the highest proportion (148/324,45.68％).A total of 152 talents were trained.Conclusions The support of NSFC in basic researches in the field of skin and its appendages has led to substantial achievements.More attention should be paid to the writing of concluding reports.Innovation consciousness should be raised,and project leaders should make more original and leading achievements in the future.

A pesquisa-intervenção como pesquisa-apoio: o caso do POP RUA / Intervention research as research-support: the case of POP RUA

Resumo Este artigo discute a produção de conhecimento no campo da saúde pública, desenvolvendo a ideia de pesquisa-apoio como uma modulação da pesquisa-intervenção participativa no campo da saúde. A pesquisa-intervenção participativa foi usada e aperfeiçoada pelo Grupo de Pesquisa Enativos, da Universidade Federal Fluminense, envolvendo a Gestão Autônoma da Medicação (GAM) no campo saúde mental. Nestas experiências os problemas do campo modularam as práticas de pesquisa, cujo sentido era produzir de autonomia e aumentar o grau de participação nas práticas de saúde. Esta pesquisa utilizou-se da mesma abordagem metodológica das pesquisas-intervenções na GAM, na interface entre atenção básica e saúde mental, em uma equipe de consultório na Rua do Rio de Janeiro, chamada POP RUA. Este artigo é um misto de relato e ensaio que analisa a transformação da pesquisa-intervenção em pesquisa-apoio com o POP RUA, propondo o apoio como método para produzir conhecimento nas pesquisas qualitativas, no escopo das pesquisas-intervenção. Tal transformação é possível pois são apoiados os processos de produção de saúde entendidos como inseparáveis de processos de produção de conhecimento e produção de cuidado.

Abstract This article discusses the production of knowledge in the field of public health, developing the idea of research-support as a modulation of participatory intervention research in the field of health. Participatory intervention research was used and perfected by Enativos Research Group of Universidade Federal Fluminense, in the scope of Gaining Autonomy & Medication Management (GAM) in the field of mental health. In these experiments, the production of autonomy and the increase of participation in health practices were in question. The issues of the field have ended up modifying their own research practices. This research used the same methodological approach of the intervention researches at GAM, in the interface between basic care and mental health, in a service of Street Outreach Clinic team (Consultório na Rua); in Rio de Janeiro, called POP RUA. This article is a mixture of report and essay which analyzes the transformation of intervention research into research-support with POP RUA, proposing support as a method to produce knowledge in qualitative research, in the scope of intervention research. Such transformation is possible because health production processes understood as inseparable from processes of knowledge production and care production are supported.

Nurse researchers and nursing assistants: construction and projection of polymorphous identities / Enfermero investigador y enfermero asistencial: construcción y proyección de identidades polimorfas / Enfermeiro pesquisador e enfermeiro assistencial: construção e projeção de identidades polimorfas

ABSTRACT Objective: To understand the meanings that nurse researchers and nursing assistants attribute to one another, and to the development of research produced by Nursing. Method: Qualitative research. The Grounded Theory and the Complexity Theory were used as theoretical and methodological frameworks, respectively. Ten nursing assistants and six research nurses participated in the research. The semi-structured interview was used as a data collection technique. The results were categorized by comparative analysis and validated by ten judges. Results: The valuation of nursing care research as well as interactions between research development and nursing care may be related to the way nursing assistants and nurse researchers perceive themselves. These perceptions are multifaceted. Conclusion: The meanings nurse researchers and nursing assistants attribute to each other reveal mechanisms of closeness and distance between these actors, as well as between research and nursing care.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Comprender los significados que enfermeros investigadores y enfermeros asistenciales atribuyen el uno al otro, y al desarrollo de la investigación producida por la enfermería. Método: Investigación cualitativa. La Teoría Fundamentada en los Datos y el Paradigma de la Complejidad se utilizaron como referenciales teóricos y metodológicos, respectivamente. Participaron de la investigación diez enfermeros asistenciales y seis enfermeros investigadores. La entrevista semiestructurada fue utilizada como técnica de recolección de datos. Los resultados fueron categorizados por análisis comparativos y validados por diez jueces. Resultados: La valoración de la investigación por enfermeros asistenciales, así como interacciones entre el desarrollo de la investigación y asistencia de enfermería puede estar relacionado a la forma como enfermeros asistenciales y enfermeros investigadores se perciben. Estas percepciones se presentan de forma multifacética. Conclusión: Los significados que enfermeros encuestados y enfermeros asistenciales atribuyen uno al otro revelan mecanismos de aproximación y distanciamiento entre esos actores, así como entre la investigación y la asistencia de enfermería.

RESUMO Objetivo: Compreender os significados que enfermeiros pesquisadores e enfermeiros assistenciais atribuem um ao outro, e ao desenvolvimento da pesquisa produzida pela Enfermagem. Método: Pesquisa qualitativa. A Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados e o Teoria da Complexidade foram utilizados como referenciais teóricos e metodológicos, respectivamente. Participaram da pesquisa dez enfermeiros assistenciais e seis enfermeiros pesquisadores. A entrevista semiestruturada foi utilizada como técnica de coleta de dados. Os resultados foram categorizados por análise comparativa e validados por dez juízes. Resultados: A valorização da pesquisa por enfermeiros assistenciais, bem como interações entre o desenvolvimento da pesquisa e assistência de enfermagem pode estar relacionado à forma como enfermeiros assistenciais e enfermeiros pesquisadores se percebem. Essas percepções se apresentam de forma multifacetada. Conclusão: Os significados que enfermeiros pesquisados e enfermeiros assistenciais atribuem um ao outro revelam mecanismos de aproximação e distanciamento entre esses atores, bem como entre a pesquisa e a assistência de enfermagem.