RESUMO
This article summarizes the results of research on the morphological and functional features of different types of orbital bone decompression in thyroid eye disease (TED) and presents an analysis of surgical anatomy of the lateral orbital wall in the context of performing deep lateral bone decompression of the orbit was carried out. The study includes an analysis of the results of orbital bone decompression with resection of the greater wing of the sphenoid bone using ultrasound osteodestructor in comparison with osteodestruction using a high-speed drill, description of transethmoidal orbital decompression with endonasal access both as a single method of surgical treatment of TED and in combination with lateral bone decompression of the orbit, including the advantages and disadvantages of the method, and presents a morphological description of the pathological changes in the medial orbital wall bone fragments obtained during endonasal transethmoidal orbital decompression in patients with TED.