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1.
Aust J Gen Pract ; 49(9): 550-555, 2020 09.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32864665

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: An orthopantomogram (OPG) is a common radiograph used to identify the hard tissues of the oral cavity and surrounding skeletal structures. It is an extra-oral radiograph that approximates the focal trough of the mandible. Although resolution is not as detailed as intra-oral radiographs for examination of the teeth, gross changes in calcification of the dental structures, and changes in ossification of the underlying mandible and maxilla can aid in identification of dental disease such as caries (decay), periodontal bone loss, and abscess and cyst formation. OBJECTIVE: This article outlines key anatomical features identifiable in an OPG and illustrates some common pathology that may be seen. DISCUSSION: The large amount of data visible on an OPG may appear daunting to the viewer unless a systematic approach is used to examine structures present. Distortion due to flattening of the curve of the mandible and dentition will give an overall view of these structures and requires the viewer to reinterpret these in their mind for a three-dimensional appreciation of the image.


Assuntos
Mandíbula/diagnóstico por imagem , Maxila/diagnóstico por imagem , Radiografia Panorâmica/métodos , Humanos , Radiografia Panorâmica/instrumentação , Radiografia Panorâmica/tendências
2.
Rev. Fac. Odontol. (B.Aires) ; 38(88): 43-48, 2023. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1552016

RESUMO

El objetivo fue evaluar la concordancia entre dife-rentes docentes del Hospital Odontológico Universi-tario de la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad de Buenos Aires en la evaluación de restauraciones dentales en radiografías panorámicas. Se diseñó un formulario ad-hoc basado en los criterios de Ryge modificados. Se construyeron cinco categorías: pre-sencia y tipo (R), extensión (E), y condición (C), de cada restauración; situación respecto de tratamientos endodónticos (EN) y presencia y tipo de anclaje intra-rradicular (A). Después de diferentes reuniones vir-tuales de calibración con ajustes correspondientes en el formulario, se seleccionaron al azar veinticinco radiografías panorámicas de la base de datos de la Cátedra de Diagnóstico por Imágenes. Tres observa-dores aplicaron en forma simultánea e independien-te las categorías a tres piezas (1.1, 1.3 y 1.6) en cada radiografía. La concordancia se evaluó con Kappa de Fleiss por categoría y por diente/categoría. Resulta-dos: categoría/diente(IC95%): R:1.1: 0,96 (0,90-1,2), 1.3: 0,77 (0,56-0,99), 1.6: 0,92 (0,80-1,03); E: 1.1: 0,92 (0,85-1), 1.3: 0,89 (0,73-1,04), 1.6: 0,92 (0,80-1,03); C: 1.1: 0,88 (0,78-0,98), 1.3: 0,74 (0,38-1,10), 1.6: 1 (1-1); EN: 1.1 y 1.3: 1 (1-1), 1.6: 0.90 (0.77-1.04); A: 1.1 y 1.6: 1 (1-1), 1,3: 0,88 (0,71-1,04). En las condiciones de este trabajo el grado de concordancia según Landis & Koch fue de casi perfecto a sustancial en todas las situaciones analizadas (AU))


The aim of this study was to assess agreement among different observers in the evaluation of dental resto-rations in panoramic x-rays at the Dental Hospital of the School of Dentistry, University of Buenos Aires. Materials and methods: an ad-hoc form based on the modified Ryge criteria was designed. Five categories were built: presence and type (R), extension (E), and condition (C), of each restoration, if present, pre-sence and condition of endodontic treatment (EN) and presence and type of intra-root anchorage devices (A). After several virtual calibration meetings among the observers with subsequent adjustments in the form, twenty-five panoramic x-rays were randomly selected and all categories were assessed in three teeth (1.1, 1.3 and 1.6) in each image. The assessment was carried out simultaneously and independently by three evaluators, who registered the data in the de-signed form. Agreement was assessed by category and by category/tooth with Fleiss Kappa. Results: category/tooth (95% CI): R/1.1: 0.96(0.90-1.2),1.3: 0.77(0.56-0.99), 1.6:0.92 (0.80-1.03); E/1.1: 0.92 (0.85-1), 1.3: 0.89 (0.73-1.04), 1.6: 0.92 (0.80-1.03); C: 1.1: 0.88 (0.78-0.98), 1.3: 0.74 (0.38-1.10), 1.6: 1 (1-1); EN: 1.1 and 1.3: 1 (1-1), 1.6: 0.90 (0.77-1.04); A: 1.1 and 1.6: 1 (1- 1), 1.3: 0.88 (0.71-1.04). Within the conditions of this study the degree of agreement ac-cording to Landis & Koch was from almost perfect to substantial in all the situations analyzed (AU)


Assuntos
Radiografia Panorâmica/tendências , Restauração Dentária Permanente/métodos , Argentina , Faculdades de Odontologia , Variações Dependentes do Observador , Interpretação Estatística de Dados
3.
Int Dent J ; 37(1): 31-7, 1987 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3294598

RESUMO

The current status of dental panoramic tomography (rotational panoramic radiography) is reviewed. This technique is based on a combination of tomography and slit-beam radiography to provide an image of both jaws on a single film. There is a greater degree of image degradation when compared with conventional radiographic techniques due to tomographic blurring, magnification and distortion, secondary images and burn-out. Meticulous patient position is essential to accommodate their jaws to the image layer determined by the manufacturers. The absorbed doses from panoramic radiography are of a similar order to that from bitewing radiography and lower than those from a full-mouth periapical series. The individual risk of 1.3 X 10(-6) is compared with that from other radiographic examinations and smoking. The collective risk, 1.04 deaths in the UK in 1981, is relatively insignificant as is the genetic dose. The risk to the dentist and his staff is also low compared to other risks. The methods of dose limitation currently available are reviewed. The clinical indications are considered in relation to the guidelines of the American Dental Association and the Dental Estimates Board in the UK. The problems associated with attempts to measure diagnostic yield are considered. In view of the world-wide public concern at the potential dangers of ionising radiation, dentists are urged to maximize the diagnostic yield from their panoramic radiography by taking such radiographs only when clinically necessary, ensuring meticulous positioning and processing, followed by scrupulous assessment of the radiography for any sign of pathological change.


Assuntos
Radiografia Panorâmica/tendências , Humanos , Doses de Radiação , Proteção Radiológica , Ampliação Radiográfica , Radiografia Panorâmica/instrumentação , Radiografia Panorâmica/métodos , Risco
4.
Int Dent J ; 37(1): 16-24, 1987 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3294596

RESUMO

Before starting orthodontic treatment it is important to have status radiographs to ascertain the state of the patient's general dental health. A dental panoramic tomogram is very suitable in this respect, but right and left bimolar projections together with upper and lower occlusal films provide an appropriate alternative. Unerupted upper cuspids can be localized by means of parallax shift or by using the vertex occlusal projection. The cephalometric radiograph is an invaluable adjunct to the clinical examination and models of the dentition, which together form the basis for orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. However, the user should be aware of the various errors which can detract from the reliability of this technique. Cephalometric landmarks are identified and tracings of the radiograph are made. Angular measurements taken from the tracing enable the maxillary and mandibular bases to be related to each other and to the cranial base. Recent developments in computer science and information transfer offer the possibility that in the future cephalometric radiographs will be analysed with the aid of a computer at sites which may be remote from the dental office.


Assuntos
Ortodontia , Radiografia Panorâmica , Cefalometria/instrumentação , Cefalometria/métodos , Oclusão Dentária , Dentição , Humanos , Má Oclusão/diagnóstico por imagem , Ortodontia/tendências , Radiografia Panorâmica/instrumentação , Radiografia Panorâmica/métodos , Radiografia Panorâmica/tendências
5.
J Dent Educ ; 57(11): 794-7, 1993 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8245289

RESUMO

Results of this 1992 survey are compared to results from 1977 and 1987 surveys to establish long-term trends in radiographic prescribing practices for dentulous adult comprehensive care patients in U.S. and Canadian dental schools. The major trends include a decline in prescribing both an intraoral full-mouth series and panoramic radiograph (46 percent to 19 percent to 9 percent of schools from 1977 to 1987 to 1992, respectively). These changes were complemented by an increase in prescribing a full-mouth series only (32 percent to 48 percent to 57 percent, respectively), and an increase in the use of selection criteria (2 percent to 19 percent to 26 percent, respectively). Between 1987 and 1992 there was little change in the preferred examination for the edentulous adult patient, and small changes in the preferred examination for the child patient.


Assuntos
Assistência Odontológica Integral/tendências , Prescrições , Radiografia Dentária/tendências , Faculdades de Odontologia/tendências , Adulto , Canadá , Criança , Assistência Odontológica Integral/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Boca Edêntula/diagnóstico por imagem , Pacientes , Prescrições/estatística & dados numéricos , Radiografia Interproximal/estatística & dados numéricos , Radiografia Interproximal/tendências , Radiografia Dentária/estatística & dados numéricos , Radiografia Panorâmica/estatística & dados numéricos , Radiografia Panorâmica/tendências , Radiologia/estatística & dados numéricos , Radiologia/tendências , Faculdades de Odontologia/estatística & dados numéricos , Estados Unidos
7.
Med. oral patol. oral cir. bucal (Internet) ; 20(6): e723-e728, nov. 2015. tab, ilus
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS (Espanha) | ID: ibc-144705

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: To avoid postoperative injuries in the interforaminal region, presence of the Mandibular Incisive Canal (MIC), its extension and canal positioning in relation to the cortical bone and alveolar process were investigated by cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). MATERIAL AND METHODS: One hundred CBCT examinations obtained by means of the i-CAT CBCT imaging system were analyzed in multiple-plane views (axial, panoramic and cross-sectional) and three-dimensional representations were performed using iCAT CBCT software. The MIC was evaluated for its presence, measurement and proximity to the buccal and lingual plates, alveolar process and inferior border of the mandible. RESULTS: The MIC was visible in all (100%) CBCT images. The mean length of MIC was 9.8 ± 3.8 mm. The distances between the canal and buccal plate, as well as between the canal and lingual plate of the alveolar bone were 4.62 ± 1.41 mm and 6.25 ± 2.03 mm, respectively. The distances from the canal to the alveolar process, and to the inferior border of the mandible were 10.25 ± 2.27 mm and 7.06 ± 2.95 mm, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Due to the high prevalence of MIC, its variation in length and distance up to the cortical bone, suggested that preoperative radiographic evaluation of the MIC must be carried out case-by-case using CBCT, which could clearly show the three-dimensional structure and adjacent structure of the MIC


Assuntos
Adulto , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Mandíbula/patologia , Mandíbula , Tomografia Computadorizada de Feixe Cônico/instrumentação , Tomografia Computadorizada de Feixe Cônico/métodos , Radiografia Panorâmica/instrumentação , Radiografia Panorâmica/métodos , Radiografia Panorâmica/tendências , Reconstrução Mandibular/instrumentação , Reconstrução Mandibular/métodos , Reconstrução Mandibular , Tomografia Computadorizada de Feixe Cônico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Cuidados Pré-Operatórios/métodos , Cuidados Pré-Operatórios/tendências , Processamento de Imagem Assistida por Computador/métodos
10.
Rev. esp. cir. oral maxilofac ; 34(3): 122-127, jul.-sept. 2012. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS (Espanha) | ID: ibc-102430

RESUMO

El fibroma osificante (FO) es una lesión fibro-ósea poco frecuente que afecta generalmente a mujeres de mediana edad, localizándose usualmente en la zona posterior de la mandíbula. Clínicamente, el paciente puede presentar un aumento de volumen asintomático de evolución lenta que genera desplazamiento de las piezas dentarias como manifestación temprana. Radiográficamente se caracteriza por ser una lesión radiolúcida en sus primeras etapas, que evoluciona a una lesión mixta con zonas de radioopacidad variable para finalizar como una lesión extremadamente radioopaca. El tratamiento varía de acuerdo a su tamaño y puede variar desde una excisión conservadora, a una resección en bloque más reconstrucción mediante injerto óseo. Presentamos un caso de FO de gran tamaño en un paciente de 22 años. Se describen las características específicas, histológicas y clínicas. Se presenta de acuerdo a la extensión de la lesión, una conducta terapéutica con resección en bloque del segmento mandibular afectado con posterior reconstrucción con injerto microvascularizado de peroné(AU)


Ossifying fibroma (OF) is an uncommon fibro-osseous lesion that generally affects middleaged women and is usually located in the posterior jaw. Clinically, the patient may present a slow-growing, asymptomatic mass with tooth displacement as an early manifestation. Radiographically, OF is characterized as a radiolucent lesion in its early stages that progresses to a mixed lesion with variable radiopaque areas and finally evolves into an extremely radiopaque lesion. Treatment depends on the size of the tumor and ranges from conservative surgery to block resection followed by reconstruction with bone grafts. The specific clinical and histological characteristics of the case of a 22-year-old patient with a large OF are described. The case is reported here due to the tumor extension and therapeutic approach consisting of block resection of the affected jaw segment followed by reconstruction with a free microvascular fibula flap(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Fibroma Ossificante/diagnóstico , Fibroma Ossificante/cirurgia , Retalhos Cirúrgicos , Radiografia Panorâmica/métodos , Radiografia Panorâmica , Biópsia/métodos , Implantes Dentários , Microvasos/cirurgia , Radiografia Panorâmica/tendências , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico
11.
Rev. esp. cir. oral maxilofac ; 33(4): 157-161, oct.-dic. 2011.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS (Espanha) | ID: ibc-93650

RESUMO

El síndrome de Eagle es una patología infrecuente secundaria a la elongación de la apófisis estiloides y/o calcificación del ligamento estilo-hioideo. La mayoría de pacientes afectados no presentan sintomatología, aunque la presión ejercida por esta estructura morfológicamente alterada contra estructuras vecinas puede desencadenar una gran variedad de síntomas, incluyendo dolor cervicofacial, sensación de cuerpo extraño en la orofaringe, aumento en la secreción salival, cefalea y dificultad para la deglución, el habla o los movimientos de la lengua. Presentamos el caso de una paciente de 50 años de edad con el síndrome de Eagle. La tomografía computerizada en haz de cono confirmó la sospecha clínica. Como tratamiento se realizó la resección parcial de ambas apófisis estiloides mediante un abordaje intraoral. La presentación clínica, el diagnóstico diferencial y el tratamiento se describen en este artículo(AU)


Eagle syndrome is a rare condition resulting from either the elongation of the temporal styloid process or calcification of the stylohyoid ligament. Most patients are asymptomatic, but when this structure presses against other parts of the head and neck it can originate a wide range of symptoms, including cervico-facial pain, foreign body sensation in oropharynx, increased saliva secretion, headache and difficulty with swallowing, speaking and neck or tongue movements. The case of a 50-year-old woman with Eagle syndrome is reported. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) confirmed the clinical suspicion. The intraoral approach was used for the partial resection of both styloid processes. The clinical presentation, diagnosis, management and differential diagnosis are described(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Dor Facial/diagnóstico , Dor Facial/terapia , Tomografia Computadorizada de Feixe Cônico/métodos , Tomografia Computadorizada de Feixe Cônico , Radiografia Panorâmica/tendências , Radiografia Panorâmica , Tomografia Computadorizada de Feixe Cônico/tendências , Crânio/patologia , Crânio , Diagnóstico Diferencial
12.
Rev. esp. cir. oral maxilofac ; 33(3): 109-113, jul.-sept. 2011.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS (Espanha) | ID: ibc-90853

RESUMO

Introducción. Desde los estudios de Boyne y James y Tatum, la elevación de seno maxilar y colocación de injertos óseos se ha convertido en un procedimiento estándar que permite la colocación de implantes dentales en casos en los que la altura ósea posterior del maxilar es insuficiente. Aunque la utilización de hueso autólogo se considera la técnica gold-standard, en la actualidad se utilizan diversos biomateriales que obvian los inconvenientes de los injertos autólogos. Uno de los biomateriales más ampliamente utilizados es la matriz mineral ósea bovina desproteinizada en forma de gránulos (Bio-Oss ®). Objetivos. Mostramos nuestra experiencia en implantología tras 382 elevaciones de seno. Material y métodos. Presentamos el estudio de una serie de 382 casos de elevaciones de seno maxilar realizadas con técnica abierta y abordaje lateral utilizando Bio-Oss® como material de relleno y colocando implantes dentales simultáneamente o en una fase posterior, describiendo los protocolos utilizados y el seguimiento. Resultados. Se realizaron un total de 382 casos (de los cuales 340 fueron en una sola fase y 42 en dos fases) durante el periodo comprendido entre octubre de 2002 y febrero de 2010. Se colocaron un total de 726 implantes de los cuales fracasaron 27 (3,7%). Conclusiones. La elevación de seno maxilar para colocación de implantes dentales utilizando Bio-Oss® como material de relleno es una técnica fiable y con resultados predecibles a largo plazo como pone de manifiesto nuestro estudio(AU)


Background. Since the studies of Boyne and James research and then Tatum, maxillary sinus floor augmentation and grafting has become a standard procedure for dental implants in cases where the bone height in posterior maxilla it was insufficient. Although autogenous graft is considered the gold standard, there is currently a large amount of biomaterials which avoid the problems of autogenous bone grafts. One of the most used biomaterials is deproteinised bovine bone mineral matrix in granules (Bio- Oss®). Objective. The purpose of this study is to report our experience after 382 sinus augmentations with a lateral window approach and Bio-Oss® graft. Material and Methods. The clinical records from 382 patients having posterior maxillary atrophy treated with lateral approach sinus floor augmentation, Bio-Oss® material graft and simultaneous or delayed dental implants. The technique used and short- term postoperative results were reviewed. Results. A total of 382 patients were treated (of which 340 were done in a single phase and 42 in two phases) during the period from October 2004 to January 2010. A total of 726 implants were made, of which 27 (3.7%) failed. Conclusions. Our study shows that maxillary sinus augmentation with Bio-Oss® and lateral window approach seems to be a reliable technique with predictable long-term results(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Seio Maxilar/cirurgia , Seio Maxilar , Fatores de Risco , Implantes Dentários/tendências , Implantes Dentários , Osseointegração/fisiologia , Radiografia Panorâmica/tendências , Radiografia Panorâmica , Materiais Biocompatíveis/uso terapêutico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Clindamicina/uso terapêutico
13.
Rev. esp. cir. oral maxilofac ; 32(2): 76-80, abr.-jun. 2010.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS (Espanha) | ID: ibc-81834

RESUMO

La osteorradionecrosis mandibular supone una complicación grave del tratamiento radioterápico, que a menudo origina una seria deformidad facial. La dificultad para la masticación, la articulación y la deglución son también frecuentes. A pesar de los avances realizados en la última década en radioterapia para tumores de la cabeza y el cuello, las complicaciones por osteorradionecrosis aún se producen. La indicación para una cirugía radical no está claramente definida, pero esta modalidad de tratamiento debe instaurarse cuando las medidas conservadoras han fracasado o cuando prevalece la necrosis ósea y de partes blandas. Las fracturas patológicas o fístulas persistentes son claros indicadores para un abordaje radical. En este artículo se presenta un caso de osteorradionecrosis bilateral mandibular tratada con amplia extirpación quirúrgica y reconstrucción en dos tiempos con dos injertos microvascularizados de peroné(AU)


Osteoradionecrosis of the mandible is a serious complication of radiotherapy that often leads to severe facial deformity. Difficulties in mastication, articulation, and swallowing are also common. Despite major improvements in radiation therapy of head and neck cancers during the last decade, osteoradionecrosis complications still occur. The indication for radical surgery is not clearly defined, but this kind of treatment should only be instituted when conservative methods fail or when severe bone and soft-tissue necrosis prevails. Pathological fractures or persistent fistulas are strong indications for a more radical surgical approach. This article reports a case of bilateral osteoradionecrosis of the mandible treated with radical escision and reconstruction in two stages with two fibular osteoseptocutaneous free flaps(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Transplante Ósseo/métodos , Fíbula/cirurgia , Osteorradionecrose/diagnóstico , Osteorradionecrose/cirurgia , Carcinoma/diagnóstico , Radiografia Panorâmica/métodos , Radiografia Panorâmica , Osteorradionecrose , Radiografia Panorâmica/tendências
14.
Rev. esp. cir. oral maxilofac ; 32(1): 21-24, ene.-mar. 2010. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS (Espanha) | ID: ibc-79403

RESUMO

El fibroma desmoplásico es una lesión neoplásica relativamente rara. Se considera un tumorprimario de hueso, que se presenta comúnmente en la región mandibular. Se definecomo un tumor benigno caracterizado por la formación de abundante matriz y fibras colágenas.En marzo de 2004 se presenta el caso de un paciente de 15 años, varón, con aumentogradual en la región derecha de la mandíbula de 4 meses de evolución. Se manifiestaasintomático, con aumento de volumen, con una apariencia radiográfica y tomográficabien delimitada radiolúcida. A la exploración se observa un infiltrado a través de la corticallingual. La lesión es similar a las descritas en la literatura de fibroma desmoplásico(AU)


Desmoplastic fibroma (fibromatosis) is rarely seen a primary tumor of bone. Its occurrenceas a central lesion in the jaws is even more uncommon. It is rare tumor of bone, especiallyin the mandibule. In march 2004, a 15 year-old boy presented, with a 4 month history ofgradual enlargement of the right mandibule. Painless intraoral and extraoral swelling, thecortical plate of bone overlying the lesions is expanded with thinning, erosion, andinfiltration into the surrounding tissues. The lesion is similar to the one described on thearticule(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adolescente , Fibroma Desmoplásico/diagnóstico , Fibroma Desmoplásico/cirurgia , Neoplasias Primárias Múltiplas/diagnóstico , Radiografia Panorâmica/métodos , Fibroma Desmoplásico/fisiopatologia , Fibroma Desmoplásico , Radiografia Panorâmica/tendências , Exoftalmia/complicações , Exoftalmia
15.
Rev. esp. cir. oral maxilofac ; 31(1): 46-50, ene.-feb. 2009. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS (Espanha) | ID: ibc-74016

RESUMO

El quiste óseo simple (sinonimia quiste óseo traumático, quisteóseo solitario, quiste óseo hemorrágico) es un pseudoquiste intraóseo desprovistode recubrimiento epitelial con un contenido seroso y/o hemáticoque en ocasiones puede estar ausente.Es una patología poco frecuente que afecta a los huesos maxilares con predilecciónpor el maxilar inferior.El objetivo del presente trabajo es presentar un caso de quiste óseo simpleen maxilar inferior que difiere de los habitualmente encontrados en los huesosmaxilares en cuanto a su presentación clínica, radiográfica e histopatológica(AU)


The simple bone cyst (reported in the literature as traumaticbone cyst, solitary bone cyst, hemorrhagic bone cyst) is anintraosseous pseudocyst devoid of epithelial lining and filled withserous and/or hematic fluid that may also be lacking.Is a an uncommon condition that usually affects the jaws, withpredilection for the lower jaw.The aim of the present work was to report a case of traumatic bonecyst of the jaw that differs from other maxillary bone cysts in itsclinical, radiologic, and histologic presentation(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adolescente , Cistos Ósseos/diagnóstico , Cistos Ósseos/cirurgia , Arcada Osseodentária/fisiopatologia , Arcada Osseodentária/cirurgia , Cistos Maxilomandibulares/complicações , Cistos Maxilomandibulares/cirurgia , Cistos Ósseos/fisiopatologia , Cistos Ósseos , Radiografia Panorâmica/tendências , Radiografia Panorâmica
17.
Cuad. med. forense ; 14(52): 137-146, abr. 2008. ilus, tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS (Espanha) | ID: ibc-68356

RESUMO

En este trabajo se realiza un análisis retrospectivo de lasmuertes traumáticas ocurridas por accidente laboral en la provinciade Sevilla durante cuatro años (2004-2007). Durantedicho periodo, de un total de 3632 autopsias forenses, se registraron99 muertes por accidentes laborales traumáticos. Trececasos fueron excluidos ya que el accidente había ocurrido enun lugar fuera de la provincia de Sevilla siendo finalmente 86los casos analizados. Todos los casos eran varones con unaedad media de 41±14 años (rango 16-74 años). Los fallecimientosocurrieron con más frecuencia durante el mes de enero, elmartes y de 8-15 h. La tasa media de accidentes laborales traumáticoscon resultado de muerte durante todo el período hasido de 2.6 por 100.000 trabajadores. Los sectores que registraronun mayor número de siniestros son servicios, donde seincluyen los transportes, seguido por la construcción y laindustria. El mecanismo de muerte más frecuente fue la caídaprecipitación,seguido por el aplastamiento y los accidentes detráfico. Las causas de muerte más habituales fueron los traumatismoscraneoencefálicos y el shock hipovolémico. El análisisquímico-toxicológico realizado en 71 casos (los 15 restanteshabían fallecido después de ingreso hospitalario prolongado)identificó sustancias tóxicas en 26 casos (30%), siendo el etanolel tóxico más consumido en 21/26 casos (aislado en 17/21casos y asociado con cocaína y cannabis en 2 casos cada uno)seguido de cannabis en 4/26 y cocaína en 1/26 casos.Las estrategias de prevención de los accidentes laboralestraumáticos deben hacer hincapié en la importancia de laabstinencia en el consumo de sustancias tóxicas como medidapara disminuir el número de estas dramáticas muertes


This retrospective study analyzes the fatal traumaticaccidents (FTA) at the work-place occurred in the province ofSeville during four years (2004-2007).In this period, 99 cases of FTA were registered from a total of3632 forensic autopsies. Thirteen cases occurred in a workplaceoutside the Seville province and were excluded fromthe study being finally 86 cases analyzed. All victims weremen (mean age 41±14 years, range 16-74). Fatalitiesoccurred preferably in January, Tuesday and between 8-15 h.The mean mortality rate of FTA in the whole period was 2.6per 100.000 workers. The sectors that register the highernumber of fatalities were services, including transportation,followed by construction and industry. The most frequentmanner of death was falling and jumping followed bycompression and traffic accidents. Death was usually due tobrain trauma and massive hemorrhage. Toxicological analysesperformed in 71 cases (the remaining 15 cases died afterprolonged hospital admission) demonstrated toxicologicalcompounds in 26 cases (30%) being ethanol the mostconsumed substance in 21/26 cases (alone in 17/21 casesand associated to cocaine and cannabis in 2 casesrespectively), followed by cannabis alone in 4/26 cases andcocaine alone in 1/26 cases. Prevention strategies of FTAmust be focussed in the importance in abstinence of toxicsconsumption as a way to reduce the number of thesedramatic deaths


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Determinação da Idade pelos Dentes/métodos , Radiografia Panorâmica/instrumentação , Processamento de Sinais Assistido por Computador/instrumentação , Radiografia Dentária Digital/instrumentação , Radiografia Panorâmica/estatística & dados numéricos , Radiografia Panorâmica/tendências , Radiografia Panorâmica , Radiografia Dentária Digital/métodos , Radiografia Dentária Digital/tendências , Radiografia Dentária Digital , Medicina Legal/métodos
18.
Cuad. med. forense ; 14(52): 127-135, abr. 2008. ilus, tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS (Espanha) | ID: ibc-68359

RESUMO

La estimación de la edad constituye un campo decreciente interés dentro de la Medicina Forense. La cuantificaciónde la reducción de las dimensiones de la cavidadpulpar como consecuencia del proceso de depósitode la dentina secundaria a lo largo de la vida podría servircomo un posible indicador de edad. Este fenómenoademás de mediante técnicas morfológicas, puede seranalizado mediante la utilización de diferentes técnicasradiográficas. El objetivo principal de este estudio consistióen evaluar la reproducibilidad del método original decálculo de edad dental desarrollado por Kvaal et al. sobreradiografías panorámicas digitales dentales así comoanalizar la aplicación de las fórmulas de estimación deedad dental propuestas. Fueron seleccionadas al azar 100ortopantomografías digitales obtenidas de pacientes deuna clínica de Bilbao de edades comprendidas entre 14 y60 años. En cada ortopantomografía fueron estudiadostres dientes mandibulares siguiendo la metodología yadescrita. Los resultados obtenidos no confirmaron lareproducibilidad del método desarrollado por Kvaal et al.sobre radiografía digital directa. Los valores tan extremosobtenidos en la estimación de la edad mediante laaplicación de las fórmulas de regresión analizadas sobrelas radiografías digitales de esta serie de estudio desaconsejansu aplicación en poblaciones similares a laserie analizada


Estimation of age in individuals has receivedconsiderable attention in the forensic literature. Thereduction of size of dental pulp cavity as a result ofsecondary dentin deposit with increasing age could be usedas an indicator of age. This regression change, apart frommorphological techniques, can also be analysed byradiological techniques. The aim of this work was toevaluate the reproducibility of the original method of Kvaalet al. on digital panoramic radiographs as well as to analysethe application of age estimation formulae reported in theliterature. Orthopantomograms (OPGs) of 100 patientsaged between 14 and 60 years old from a private radiologydepartment in Bilbao were selected at random. Accordingto the reported technique three mandibular teeth wereevaluated in each orthopantomogram. The results showedthat the method reported by Kvaal at al. cannot be appliedto direct digital OPGs. The values of age estimationobtained using regression formulae analysed on digitalimages were so distant from the real ages that this methodmust be discouraged as being a reliable one to estimate age on a direct digital OPGs sample


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Radiografia Panorâmica/instrumentação , Radiografia Panorâmica/métodos , Odontologia Legal/métodos , Determinação da Idade pelos Dentes/métodos , Processamento de Sinais Assistido por Computador/instrumentação , Radiografia Dentária Digital/instrumentação , Odontologia Legal/tendências , Radiografia Panorâmica/tendências , Radiografia Panorâmica , Odontologia Legal/instrumentação , Odontologia Legal/legislação & jurisprudência
20.
Av. periodoncia implantol. oral ; 19(3): 141-149, dic. 2007. ilus, tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS (Espanha) | ID: ibc-62429

RESUMO

Introducción. El objetivo del presente estudio era mostrar los resultados del tratamiento con implantes dentales insertados en diversas situaciones clínicas utilizando un biomaterial de relleno óseo. Métodos. 43 pacientes con pérdidas dentales fueron tratados con 171 implantes Microdent®.En todos los casos, como biomaterial para regeneración ósea se utilizó el beta-fosfato tricálcico KeraOs®. Los implantes fueron cargados después de un periodo de cicatrización de 6meses.Resultados. Los hallazgos clínicos indican una supervivencia y éxito de los implantes del 98,8%.2 implantes se perdieron durante el periodo de cicatrización. En el 67,4% de los pacientes se realizó técnica de elevación sinusal, en el 18,6% de los pacientes se realizaron implantes postextracción y en el 14%, los implantes fueron insertados en rebordes alveolares atróficos. Después de un periodo de carga funcional de 12 meses, no ha habido complicaciones tardías. El54% de las prótesis realizadas fueron puentes fijos; el 28% coronas unitarias; el 14% rehabilitaciones completas fijas y el 4% sobre dentaduras. Conclusiones. Este estudio indica que el beta-fosfato tricálcico puede ser utilizado con éxito como material de regeneración ósea en el tratamiento con implantes dentales (AU)


Introduction. The aim of this study was to report the outcome of treatment with dental implants inserted indifferent clinical situations with use of biomaterial ofbone regeneration. Methods. 43 patients with tooth loss were treated with171 Microdent®. In all cases, beta-tricalcium phosphateKeraOs® were used. Implants were loaded after a healing free-loading period of 6 months. Results. Clinical results indicate a survival and success rate of implants of 98,8%. 2 implants were lost during the healing period. After a functioning period of 12months, no late complications were reported. 54% of implant-supported prostheses were fixed bridges; 28%were single crowns; 14% were fixed rehabilitations and4% were overdentures. Conclusions. This study indicate that beta-tricalciumphosphate can be used with success as biomaterial of bone regeneration in treatment with dental implants (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Implantes Dentários , Regeneração Óssea/fisiologia , Materiais Dentários/metabolismo , Materiais Dentários/uso terapêutico , Prostodontia/métodos , Radiografia Panorâmica/métodos , Amoxicilina/uso terapêutico , Osseointegração/fisiologia , Implantes Dentários/tendências , Prostodontia/tendências , Radiografia Panorâmica/tendências , Prótese Dentária/métodos , Osseointegração
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