RESUMO
A 55-year-old female with a diagnosis of schizophrenia currently resides in an assisted living facility in a large metropolitan suburb. For approximately 25 years, the patient was relegated to a life of poor symptom control and social adjustment, largely due to nonadherence, relapse, and rehospitalization. The patient experienced a trial-and-error approach to drug therapy, which resulted in reliance on the older or first generation agents for symptom improvement. This case supports the assertion that the second-generation or atypical antipsychotics used to treat schizophrenia are no better than older drugs in terms of efficacy or tolerability.
Assuntos
Antipsicóticos/uso terapêutico , Esquizofrenia/tratamento farmacológico , Esquizofrenia/enfermagem , Psicologia do Esquizofrênico , Antipsicóticos/efeitos adversos , Benzotropina/efeitos adversos , Benzotropina/uso terapêutico , Transtorno Bipolar/diagnóstico , Transtorno Bipolar/tratamento farmacológico , Transtorno Bipolar/enfermagem , Transtorno Bipolar/psicologia , Transtorno da Personalidade Borderline/diagnóstico , Transtorno da Personalidade Borderline/tratamento farmacológico , Transtorno da Personalidade Borderline/enfermagem , Transtorno da Personalidade Borderline/psicologia , Substituição de Medicamentos , Quimioterapia Combinada , Feminino , Humanos , Estudos Longitudinais , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Transtornos Psicóticos/diagnóstico , Transtornos Psicóticos/tratamento farmacológico , Transtornos Psicóticos/enfermagem , Transtornos Psicóticos/psicologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Esquizofrenia/diagnóstico , Ajustamento Social , Tiotixeno/efeitos adversos , Tiotixeno/uso terapêutico , Resultado do Tratamento , Aumento de Peso/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
The purpose of this investigation was to determine the relationship between serum levels of the neuroleptic agent thiothixene and tardive dyskinesia in schizophrenics of a wide age range. Forty-one male schizophrenic subjects, 21 with tardive dyskinesia and 20 without, were given a fixed dosage of thiothixene hydrochloride (10 mg orally four times daily) after a drug-free period of one week. Higher steady-state serum levels of thiothixene (obtained after five days of a fixed-dosage schedule) were associated with greater degrees of tardive dyskinesia. This relationship was independent of the relationship between tardive dyskinesia and age.
Assuntos
Discinesia Induzida por Medicamentos/etiologia , Esquizofrenia/tratamento farmacológico , Tiotixeno/sangue , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Antipsicóticos/efeitos adversos , Antipsicóticos/sangue , Discinesia Induzida por Medicamentos/sangue , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Risco , Esquizofrenia/sangue , Tiotixeno/efeitos adversos , Tiotixeno/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
Sixty-three newly admitted schizophrenic patients were given a test dose of thiothixene and their subjective response was recorded by a technician blind to clinical ratings. All patients were then treated wih thiothixene in an active milieu setting. Patients varied widely in their subjective responses. An initial dysphoric response was a powerful predictor of both immediate and eventual drug refusal. Before treatment, dysphoric responders tended to be less symptomatic and did significantly better on the Continuous Performance Test. Dysphoric responders experienced significantly more extrapyramidal symptoms following the test dose. Some dysphoric responders did have a good outcome when treated with very low doses. We recommend that patients with a history of dysphoric response be given a very low dose initially.
Assuntos
Emoções/efeitos dos fármacos , Esquizofrenia/tratamento farmacológico , Psicologia do Esquizofrênico , Tiotixeno/farmacologia , Sintomas Afetivos/induzido quimicamente , Sintomas Afetivos/psicologia , Doenças dos Gânglios da Base/induzido quimicamente , Doenças dos Gânglios da Base/psicologia , Humanos , Cooperação do Paciente , Escalas de Graduação Psiquiátrica , Tiotixeno/efeitos adversos , Tiotixeno/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
Clinical impressions suggest that thioridazine hydrochloride produces fewer extrapyramidal effects and more sedation than thiothixene. These drugs were given, each for three weeks, to 15 chronic schizophrenic outpatients in a counterbalanced, double-blind, crossover study. Spontaneous locomotion was recorded with an unobtrusive actometer toward the end of each three-week drug period. Surprisingly, patients were significantly more active with thioridazine, whereas parkinsonian scores, prolactin levels, and Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale scores remained about equal with the two drugs; thioridazine's extrapyramidal side effects were not "atypical." There are some explanations for why common clinical impressions and recent rodent studies have not predicted these results.
Assuntos
Atividade Motora/efeitos dos fármacos , Doença de Parkinson Secundária/induzido quimicamente , Prolactina/sangue , Esquizofrenia/tratamento farmacológico , Tioridazina/uso terapêutico , Tiotixeno/uso terapêutico , Adulto , Método Duplo-Cego , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Esquizofrenia/sangue , Tioridazina/efeitos adversos , Tiotixeno/efeitos adversosRESUMO
We studied the incidence of akathisia in two populations of newly admitted schizophrenic patients: one group was treated with haloperidol and the other group was treated with thiothixene hydrochloride. Within six hours after taking a 5-mg test dose of haloperidol, 40% of the patients experienced akathisia; during maintenance treatment with 10 mg of haloperidol taken at bedtime, 75% of the patients experienced akathisia by the seventh day. With thiothixene hydrochloride (0.22-mg/kg test dose; 0.44-mg/kg maintenance dose), the respective percentages were 20% and 46%. The akathisia experienced after administration of the test of haloperidol dose was not mild or inconsequential; 28% of the patients experienced moderate, 17% of the patients experienced severe, and 22% of the patients experienced very severe akathisia. Akathisia with haloperidol could not be suppressed completely in half of the patients. Treatment-resistant akathisia was experienced as anxiety and depression. We believe these tallies to be important because akathisia causes much misery and often goes undiagnosed.
Assuntos
Acatisia Induzida por Medicamentos , Haloperidol/efeitos adversos , Tiotixeno/efeitos adversos , Adulto , Transtornos de Ansiedade/induzido quimicamente , Transtornos de Ansiedade/psicologia , Transtorno Depressivo/induzido quimicamente , Transtorno Depressivo/psicologia , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Feminino , Haloperidol/administração & dosagem , Humanos , Masculino , Escalas de Graduação Psiquiátrica , Agitação Psicomotora/psicologia , Transtornos Psicóticos/tratamento farmacológico , Esquizofrenia/tratamento farmacológico , Tiotixeno/administração & dosagem , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Fever, tachycardia, and hypertension developed concurrently with the administration of thiothixene during an acute episode of agitation in a case of catatonic schizophrenia. No cause for the fever or hyperkinetic state was found, and the syndrome resolved spontaneously one week after antipsychotic drug therapy was halted. This case appears to be an example of "acute lethal catatonia" or the neuroleptic "malignant" syndrome, both of which may be due to disturbances of dopamine function within the CNS. Such cases are rare, but may be dramatic in their presentation; however, antipsychotic drugs must be withheld during the duration of the disorder.
Assuntos
Febre/induzido quimicamente , Hipertensão/induzido quimicamente , Esquizofrenia Catatônica , Taquicardia/induzido quimicamente , Tiotixeno/efeitos adversos , Adulto , Humanos , Masculino , Esquizofrenia Catatônica/induzido quimicamente , Esquizofrenia Catatônica/complicações , Esquizofrenia Paranoide/tratamento farmacológico , Síndrome , Tiotixeno/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
In contrast to studies of adult psychiatric patients, there was no striking difference between vigilance task performance by 11 newly diagnosed, previously untreated adolescent schizophrenics and that of 58 nonpsychotic adolescent comparison subjects. Neuroleptic treatment failed to improve the performance of the schizophrenic subjects. Sedation, a frequent side effect, was associated with significant prolongation of reaction time and an increase in error rate. Attentional characteristics of adolescent schizophrenics appear to resemble those of other disturbed children. Their response to neuroleptics appears to be limited and the deleterious effects of sedation on attention may well outweigh any clinical benefit attributable to sedation. Findings are discussed in terms of methodology and age-related characteristics.
Assuntos
Atenção/efeitos dos fármacos , Esquizofrenia Infantil/tratamento farmacológico , Tioridazina/uso terapêutico , Tiotixeno/uso terapêutico , Adolescente , Criança , Humanos , Escalas de Graduação Psiquiátrica , Tempo de Reação/efeitos dos fármacos , Psicologia do Esquizofrênico , Tioridazina/efeitos adversos , Tiotixeno/efeitos adversosRESUMO
Functional neuroimaging studies in schizophrenia have often been confounded by various factors including medication status. To explore the effects of antipsychotic medications on relative regional cerebral perfusion, we scanned a group of 33 persons with schizophrenia twice, while receiving a stable dose of antipsychotic and after being off antipsychotics for 3 weeks, using technetium-99m hexamethyl-propyleneamine oxime single photon emission computed tomography (Tc-99m HMPAO-SPECT. We found that antipsychotic significantly increased the mean relative cerebral perfusion in the left basal ganglia. Additionally, patients receiving thiothixene (n = 9) had a significantly greater increase in relative cerebral perfusion in the basal ganglia than patients receiving haloperidol (n = 12). These findings indicate that antipsychotics lead to regional increases in cerebral perfusion and that antipsychotic status must be controlled for in functional neuroimaging studies. Functional neuroimaging techniques such as SPECT may be useful in furthering our understanding of the mechanism of antipsychotics.
Assuntos
Antipsicóticos/uso terapêutico , Encéfalo/irrigação sanguínea , Esquizofrenia/tratamento farmacológico , Psicologia do Esquizofrênico , Tomografia Computadorizada de Emissão de Fóton Único , Adulto , Antipsicóticos/efeitos adversos , Gânglios da Base/irrigação sanguínea , Mapeamento Encefálico , Cerebelo/irrigação sanguínea , Córtex Cerebral/irrigação sanguínea , Doença Crônica , Clozapina/efeitos adversos , Clozapina/uso terapêutico , Feminino , Haloperidol/efeitos adversos , Haloperidol/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Masculino , Compostos de Organotecnécio , Oximas , Escalas de Graduação Psiquiátrica , Fluxo Sanguíneo Regional/efeitos dos fármacos , Fluxo Sanguíneo Regional/fisiologia , Esquizofrenia/diagnóstico por imagem , Esquizofrenia/fisiopatologia , Tecnécio Tc 99m Exametazima , Tiotixeno/efeitos adversos , Tiotixeno/uso terapêutico , Trifluoperazina/efeitos adversos , Trifluoperazina/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
This retrospective study examined the common notion that neuroleptic-induced dystonia is less frequent in elderly patients. The hospital records of 45 young patients and 45 elderly patients were reviewed. Thirty-one percent of the young patients developed dystonia, compared to 2% of the elderly patients. This significant difference did not appear to be the result of types of neuroleptics used, dose, or concomitant administration of anticholinergic drugs.
Assuntos
Antipsicóticos/efeitos adversos , Distonia/induzido quimicamente , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Clorpromazina/efeitos adversos , Feminino , Flufenazina/efeitos adversos , Haloperidol/efeitos adversos , Humanos , Masculino , Transtornos Mentais/tratamento farmacológico , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Tiotixeno/efeitos adversosRESUMO
Of 21 schizophrenic adolescents given thiothixene or thioridazine, many responded poorly or experienced sedation. Because sedation necessitates dose reductions, which limit therapeutic response, for schizophrenic adolescents high-potency neuroleptics may be preferable to the more sedating low-potency drugs.
Assuntos
Esquizofrenia/tratamento farmacológico , Tioridazina/uso terapêutico , Tiotixeno/uso terapêutico , Adolescente , Criança , Ensaios Clínicos como Assunto , Esquema de Medicação , Feminino , Hospitalização , Humanos , Masculino , Escalas de Graduação Psiquiátrica , Psicologia do Esquizofrênico , Fases do Sono , Tioridazina/administração & dosagem , Tioridazina/efeitos adversos , Tiotixeno/administração & dosagem , Tiotixeno/efeitos adversosRESUMO
The subjective response to antipsychotic medication was systematically evaluated in two samples of schizophrenic patients, one treated with haloperidol, the other with thiothixene. For both groups, a dysphoric response to the first dose was found to be a powerful predictor of noncompliance. A persisting dysphoric response was associated with a poor clinical outcome. Dysphoric responses were powerfully associated with akathisia. Patients' subjective responses were consistent throughout therapy, and there was moderate agreement between the patients' evaluation of the medication and the staff's ratings of improvement. The authors suggest that the subjective response to antipsychotic medication should not be dismissed and that dysphoric responses should be acknowledged.
Assuntos
Atitude Frente a Saúde , Haloperidol/efeitos adversos , Esquizofrenia/tratamento farmacológico , Psicologia do Esquizofrênico , Tiotixeno/efeitos adversos , Adulto , Acatisia Induzida por Medicamentos , Atitude do Pessoal de Saúde , Doenças dos Gânglios da Base/induzido quimicamente , Doenças dos Gânglios da Base/psicologia , Feminino , Haloperidol/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Masculino , Cooperação do Paciente , Probabilidade , Escalas de Graduação Psiquiátrica , Agitação Psicomotora/psicologia , Tiotixeno/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
Among 1,152 psychiatric inpatients who received a phenothiazine, a butyrophenone, or a thioxanthene, 116 developed dystonia attributed to one or more of these drugs. The highest frequencies of dystonia occurred among recipients of haloperidol and the long-acting injectable fluphenazines. For all patients at risk, dystonia was more common in men and in younger patients. For chlorpromazine, high doses, male sex, and low age were each positively associated with dystonia.
Assuntos
Doenças dos Gânglios da Base/induzido quimicamente , Transtornos Mentais/tratamento farmacológico , Psicotrópicos/efeitos adversos , Transtornos de Adaptação/tratamento farmacológico , Adulto , Clorpromazina/efeitos adversos , Clorpromazina/uso terapêutico , Clorprotixeno/efeitos adversos , Clorprotixeno/uso terapêutico , Feminino , Flufenazina/efeitos adversos , Flufenazina/uso terapêutico , Haloperidol/efeitos adversos , Haloperidol/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Masculino , Mesoridazina/efeitos adversos , Mesoridazina/uso terapêutico , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Perfenazina/efeitos adversos , Perfenazina/uso terapêutico , Transtornos Psicóticos/tratamento farmacológico , Esquizofrenia/tratamento farmacológico , Tioridazina/efeitos adversos , Tioridazina/uso terapêutico , Tiotixeno/efeitos adversos , Tiotixeno/uso terapêutico , Trifluoperazina/efeitos adversos , Trifluoperazina/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
A 24-week double-blind study was conducted to compare haloperidol and thiothixene for efficacy and safety in 46 schizophrenic outpatients. In addition to the standard psychiatric rating scales, Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), Nurses' Observation Scale for Inpatient Evaluation (NOSIE), and Evaluation of Social Functioning Rating (ESFR), two scales more sensitive to the incidence of treatment emergent depression were utilized. They were the Hamilton Depression Scale (HPRSD) and the Zung Self-rating Depression Scale (ZUNG). On the BPRS factors, haloperidol was significantly superior to thiothixene in Thought Disturbance and Hostility-Suspiciousness, and in Total symptomatology. Haloperidol was also significantly superior to thiothixene in Cognitive Disturbance on the HPRSD. Results of global evaluations suggested haloperidol produced slightly more rapid relief of symptoms than did thiothixene. The inclusion of the depression scales was useful in following patients who exhibited depressive symptoms; clinically significant depression was seen in 5 patients receiving haloperidol and 3 receiving thiothixene. A high incidence of akathisia in the thiothixene group was responsible for a statistically significant difference between groups in the number of central nervous system symptoms. Mean doses of test drugs were 17.5 mg/day for haloperidol an 31.8 mg/day for thiothixene. The study showed that haloperidol was equal to and in some parameters superior to thiothixene in producing improvement in the symptoms of psychosis.
Assuntos
Transtorno Depressivo/induzido quimicamente , Haloperidol/efeitos adversos , Esquizofrenia/tratamento farmacológico , Psicologia do Esquizofrênico , Tiotixeno/efeitos adversos , Adolescente , Adulto , Ensaios Clínicos como Assunto , Transtorno Depressivo/psicologia , Método Duplo-Cego , Feminino , Haloperidol/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Escalas de Graduação Psiquiátrica , Ajustamento Social , Tiotixeno/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
This paper presents a series of case reports making the observation of a possible association between neuroleptic drug therapy and urinary incontinence. The incontinence was limited and not of the overflow or stress variety. Anticholinergic compounds or drug action did not seem to influence or account for the findings. A central basis is postulated for consideration and warrants further study.
Assuntos
Antipsicóticos/efeitos adversos , Incontinência Urinária/induzido quimicamente , Doença Aguda , Adolescente , Adulto , Encéfalo/fisiopatologia , Clorpromazina/efeitos adversos , Feminino , Flufenazina/efeitos adversos , Haloperidol/efeitos adversos , Humanos , Lítio/efeitos adversos , Masculino , Esquizofrenia/tratamento farmacológico , Tiotixeno/efeitos adversos , Incontinência Urinária/fisiopatologiaRESUMO
Social and vocational adjustment are highly important--but frequently overlooked--measures of the effectiveness of psychotropic agents in therapeutic regimens involving chronic schizophrenic outpatients. This 24-week, double-blind study compared the effectiveness of haloperidol and thiothixene in facilitating social and vocational adjustment, as well as in controlling more traditionally studied psychopathological parameters, among 36 urban schizophrenic outpatients. Significant improvement favoring thiothixene was shown on physicians' ratings, ratings by relatives living in the same household as the patient, and patients' self-ratings. Side effects occurred with similar frequency in both drug groups; no patients were required to discontinue therapy because of side effects. There were no clinically significant abnormalities in laboratory values in either group.
Assuntos
Assistência Ambulatorial , Haloperidol/uso terapêutico , Esquizofrenia/tratamento farmacológico , Ajustamento Social , Tiotixeno/uso terapêutico , Adolescente , Adulto , Doença Crônica , Método Duplo-Cego , Avaliação de Medicamentos , Emprego , Feminino , Haloperidol/administração & dosagem , Haloperidol/efeitos adversos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Escalas de Graduação Psiquiátrica , Autoavaliação (Psicologia) , Tiotixeno/administração & dosagem , Tiotixeno/efeitos adversos , Fatores de Tempo , População UrbanaRESUMO
The neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is an evidently underdiagnosed but potentially lethal consequence of treatment with potent neuroleptics. The author presents a detailed review of the clinical characteristics and differential diagnosis of the NMS as described in the world literature. Further studies of the incidence, etiology and pathogenesis of the NMS may enhance knowledge of neuroleptic pharmacology and produce more effective means of prevention and treatment.
Assuntos
Antipsicóticos/efeitos adversos , Sistema Nervoso Autônomo/efeitos dos fármacos , Transtornos Cognitivos/induzido quimicamente , Transtornos da Consciência/induzido quimicamente , Hipertermia Maligna/etiologia , Rigidez Muscular/induzido quimicamente , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso/induzido quimicamente , Transtornos da Consciência/diagnóstico , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Quimioterapia Combinada , Haloperidol/efeitos adversos , Humanos , Hipertermia Maligna/diagnóstico , Rigidez Muscular/diagnóstico , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso/diagnóstico , Piperazinas/efeitos adversos , Tiotixeno/efeitos adversosRESUMO
This 6-day study evaluated the efficacy of equivalent doses of loxapine and thiothixene for rapid tranquilization of acutely disturbed, psychotic patients. After initial tranquilization with intramuscular injections for 24 hours, 58 patients were treated for 5 days with oral medication. With both drugs, intramuscular treatment demonstrated clinically significant improvement from baseline on Clinical Global Impressions and Brief Psychiatric Rating scales; this improvement continued during the oral phase. Median time to tranquilization was significantly less with loxapine (60 minutes) than with thiothixene (95 minutes); during the oral phase, there were no significant differences between the two treatment groups. Side effects were minimal during the intramuscular phase; dystonia was most common during the oral phase.
Assuntos
Dibenzoxazepinas/administração & dosagem , Loxapina/administração & dosagem , Transtornos Psicóticos/tratamento farmacológico , Tiotixeno/administração & dosagem , Administração Oral , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Transtorno Bipolar/tratamento farmacológico , Transtorno Bipolar/psicologia , Método Duplo-Cego , Esquema de Medicação , Distonia/induzido quimicamente , Feminino , Humanos , Injeções Intramusculares , Loxapina/efeitos adversos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Escalas de Graduação Psiquiátrica , Transtornos Psicóticos/psicologia , Esquizofrenia/tratamento farmacológico , Psicologia do Esquizofrênico , Tiotixeno/efeitos adversos , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Difficulties in developing techniques to measure plasma levels of neuroleptic drugs have included the presence of metabolites, as well as cross-reactivity not only between these metabolites and the parent compound but between drugs (e.g., a phenothiazine and a tricyclic). Although newer techniques have minimized some of these problems, interpretation of published data must also recognize such design limitations as variable dose, small sample size, etc. The literature is reviewed on the relationship between therapeutic response and plasma levels of chlorpromazine, thioridazine, thiothixene, fluphenazine, butaperazine, and haloperidol. It is suggested that additional studies, carefully designed, on dosage and plasma levels could help in achieving the lowest possible therapeutic dosage and thus in minimizing side effects.
Assuntos
Antipsicóticos/sangue , Transtornos Mentais/tratamento farmacológico , Antipsicóticos/administração & dosagem , Antipsicóticos/efeitos adversos , Doenças dos Gânglios da Base/induzido quimicamente , Clorpromazina/administração & dosagem , Clorpromazina/efeitos adversos , Clorpromazina/sangue , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Esquema de Medicação , Flufenazina/administração & dosagem , Flufenazina/efeitos adversos , Flufenazina/análogos & derivados , Flufenazina/sangue , Haloperidol/administração & dosagem , Haloperidol/efeitos adversos , Haloperidol/sangue , Humanos , Transtornos Mentais/sangue , Transtornos Mentais/psicologia , Fenotiazinas/administração & dosagem , Fenotiazinas/efeitos adversos , Fenotiazinas/sangue , Projetos de Pesquisa/normas , Tioridazina/administração & dosagem , Tioridazina/efeitos adversos , Tioridazina/sangue , Tiotixeno/administração & dosagem , Tiotixeno/efeitos adversos , Tiotixeno/sangueRESUMO
In a study to determine the nature and frequency of cardiac side effects during long-term administration of tricyclic antidepressant drugs in usual dosages in the aged, 32 geriatric patients were followed for an average of 36.6 weeks. Ten of them received amitriptyline in a daily dosage of 20-75 mg for 53 weeks (average); in 2, electrocardiographic side effects developed, viz, inversion of the T waves or evidence of acute coronary insufficiency. Imipramine was administered to 21 patients in a daily dosage of 20-100 mg (average, 66 mg) over a period of 40 weeks; in 3 instances major side effects developed--intermittent left bundle-branch block, acute coronary insufficiency with node dysfunction, or T-wave inversion with sinus tachycardia; in 1 instance there was a minor side effect, viz, tachycardia only. In 1 patient, acute myocardial infarction developed after two 10-mg doses of nortriptyline. Five of the 7 patients with cardiac side effects had prior organic heart disease. It was concluded that the incidence of cardiac side effects in aged persons given tricyclic antidepressant drugs in the usual therapeutic dosages for a prolonged period is great enough to warrant frequent careful monitoring of cardiac status during therapy.
Assuntos
Antidepressivos Tricíclicos/efeitos adversos , Sistema Cardiovascular/efeitos dos fármacos , Idoso , Amitriptilina/efeitos adversos , Arritmias Cardíacas/induzido quimicamente , Eletrocardiografia , Feminino , Bloqueio Cardíaco/induzido quimicamente , Insuficiência Cardíaca/induzido quimicamente , Humanos , Imipramina/efeitos adversos , Masculino , Infarto do Miocárdio/induzido quimicamente , Nortriptilina/efeitos adversos , Tiotixeno/efeitos adversosRESUMO
Two experiments are reported in which acute single test dose levels of thiothixene (Navane) were correlated with age. In the first study 20 mg oral doses were given to 28 male subjects and serum levels were drawn 2 h later. Mean age was 30 and correlation of serum level with age was 0.43, P less than 0.02. In a second older group with a mean age of 41, 10 mg oral doses were given to 25 subjects. A correlation with age of 0.41, P less than 0.05 was obtained with age. In prior work such acute levels have been found to correlate with steady-state serum levels and with clinical response to the medication. Few side-effects were seen in these populations and no correlations were obtained between serum levels and any side-effects.