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1.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 144(8): 1053-1058, ago. 2016.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-830611

RESUMO

Since doctors disposed of effective tools to serve their patients, they had to worry about the proper management of available resources and how to deal with the relationship with the industry that provides such resources. In this relation­ship, health professionals may be involved in conflicts of interest that they need to acknowledge and learn how to handle. This article discusses the conflicts of interest in nephrology. Its objectives are to identify those areas where such conflicts could occur; to help to solve them, always considering the best interest of patients; and to help health workers to keep in mind that they have to preserve their autonomy and professional integrity. Conflicts of interest of professionals in the renal area and related scientific societies, with the industry producing equipment, supplies and drugs are reviewed. Dichotomy, payment for referral, self-referral of patients and incentives for cost control are analyzed. Finally, recommendations to help preserve a good practice in nephrology are made.


Assuntos
Humanos , Prática Profissional/ética , Conflito de Interesses , Unidades Hospitalares de Hemodiálise/ética , Relações Interprofissionais/ética , Nefrologia/ética , Médicos/ética , Sociedades Médicas/ética , Autonomia Profissional , Autorreferência Médica/ética , Unidades Hospitalares de Hemodiálise/economia , Indústrias
2.
Nefrología (Madr.) ; 31(3): 299-307, jun. 2011.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS (Espanha) | ID: ibc-103202

RESUMO

Antecedentes: Los estudios realizados en España para determinar el coste de la hemodiálisis (HD) presentan importantes limitaciones; son antiguos o utilizan metodologías indirectas. Además, carecemos de análisis realizados simultáneamente en centros públicos (CP), con prestación directa deL servicio de HD, y centros concertados (CC) con la Administración. Objetivos: Estimar el coste efectivo del tratamiento sustitutivo de la función renal con HD en la enfermedad renal crónica terminal en diversos centros. Métodos: Estudio prospectivo, financiado con fondos públicos, que estima el coste de 2008 mediante un sistema de contabilidad analítica que explicita los criterios de imputación. Se recoge información demográfica y de comorbilidad de cada centro. Resultados: Participaron 6 centros, dos CP y cuatro CC. No hubo diferencias significativas entre los diferentes centros en cuanto a los datos demográficos de los pacientes, el tiempo en HD y el índice de comorbilidad de Charlson. El coste/paciente/año osciló entre los 46.254 y los 33.130 €. El coste/paciente/año (excluyendo hospitalización y acceso vascular) de los CP fue de 42.547 € y 39.289 € y los de los CC de 32.872 €, 29.786 €, 35.461 € y 35.294 € (23% superior en CP respecto a los CC). Los costes de personal/paciente/año y fungible/paciente/año fueron un 67% y un 83%, respectivamente, superiores en los CP respecto a los CC. El porcentaje de costes más elevado fue el de personal (media de 30,9%), que mostró una importante variabilidad entre centros, tanto en cifras absolutas (coste personal/paciente/año entre 18.151 y 8.504 €) como porcentuales (entre 42,6 y 25,4%). Conclusiones: Existe importante variabilidad de coste entre diferentes centros de HD, y ésta puede atribuirse fundamentalmente al coste de personal y fungible, que es superior en los CP respecto a los CC (AU)


Background: Previous studies to determine the cost of haemodialysis (HD) in Spain have significant limitations: they are outdated or used indirect methods. There is also a lack of analysis performed simultaneously on Public centres (PC), with direct HD services, and partially state-subsidised centres (SC). This is an important issue since the two systems coexist in Spain. Objectives: To estimate the cost of HD replacement therapy for chronic renal failure in several centres. Methods: This is a prospective and publicly-funded study, which estimates the costs for 2008 using a cost accounting system with specific allocation criteria. We collected demographic and comorbidity data for each centre. Results: Six centres participated, two PC and four SC. There were no significant differences between centres in terms of patient demographics, time on haemodialysis and the Charlson comorbidity index. The total cost per patient per year ranged between €46 254 and €33 130. The cost per patient per year (excluding vascular access and hospital admission) for PC was €42 547 and €39 289 and for SC €32 872, €29 786, €35 461 and €35 294 (23% more in PC than SC). Costs related to staff/patient/year and consumables/patient/year were 67% and 83% respectively, higher for PC than SC. The highest percentage cost was for staff (average 30.9%), which showed significant variability between centres, both in absolute numbers (staff cost per patient per year between €18 151 and €8504) and as a percentage (between 42.6 % and 25.4%). Conclusions: Cost variability exists among different HD centres, and this can be attributed primarily to staff and consumables costs, which is higher for PC than SC (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/epidemiologia , Diálise Renal/economia , Atenção à Saúde/economia , Unidades Hospitalares de Hemodiálise/economia
4.
Rev. Soc. Esp. Enferm. Nefrol ; 11(1): 21-24, ene.-mar. 2008. ilus, tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS (Espanha) | ID: ibc-69123

RESUMO

Existe un desconocimiento del coste económico de la hemodiálisis y de los distintos tratamientos depurativos renales, por lo que el objetivo de este trabajo fue valorar económicamente el tratamiento depurador en función de la técnica empleada y el acceso vascular utilizado. El valor medio de la sesión es de 62,79 €, que incluye desde la hemodiálisis convencional de alto flujo (45,19 €) a la Acetate Free Biofiltration (79,35 €). Con respecto al acceso vascular, el coste medio por sesión fue de 4,31 €; en los pacientes portadores de catéter fue de 5,35 € y de 3,28 €, en los portadores de fístula arterio-venosa interna o injerto. Por otro lado, el impacto económico de nuestra unidad en la Fundación Hospital Calahorra, supone el 5,08% del total, correspondiendo el 41% al gasto en personal, el 33% al de material fungible y el 15 % al gasto farmacéutico (AU)


There is a lack of knowledge of the economic cost of haemodialysis and of the different kidney depurative treatments, and therefore the aim of this work was to evaluate the depurative treatment economically on the basis of the technique applied and vascular access used. The average cost of the session is 62.79 €, which includes from conventional high-flow haemodialysis (45.19 €) to Acetate Free Biofiltration (79.35 €). As regards vascular access, the average cost per session was 4.31 €; in patients with a catheter it was 5.35 € and 3.28 € in patients with an open arteriovenous fistula or graft. In addition, the economic impact of our unit in the Fundación Hospital Calahorra represents 5.08% of the total, of which 41% relates to staff costs, 33% to fungible material and 15% to pharmaceutical expense (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Diálise Renal/economia , Custos de Cuidados de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/economia , Unidades Hospitalares de Hemodiálise/economia
5.
Rev. Soc. Esp. Enferm. Nefrol ; 7(4): 214-218, oct.-dic. 2004. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS (Espanha) | ID: ibc-152114

RESUMO

Por la situación de nuestra unidad en un destino turístico importante, son muchos los pacientes que nos demandan tratamiento. Los enfermeros nos encontramos con retos añadidos al carácter ambulatorio del paciente como son el idioma, el diferente manejo terapéutico de los pacientes en diálisis de otros países y la falta de registros enfermeros que nos permitan poder desarrollar planes de cuidados que garanticen una continuidad en el plan terapéutico. El objetivo del estudio es caracterizar el tipo de pacientes transeúntes que recibieron tratamiento dialítico en nuestra unidad de hemodiálisis durante los meses de mayo-octubre en los años 2001 y 2002. Se ha realizado un estudio observacional, descriptivo y retrospectivo de una muestra total de 17 pacientes. Para la recogida de datos, se ha utilizado un registro de elaboración propia dividida en tres apartados: datos personales, pauta de diálisis y complicaciones intradiálisis. Un elemento que se hace necesario para garantizar la continuidad de los cuidados de enfermería es el registro para los pacientes transeúntes que debería acompañar a cada uno en sus desplazamientos a otras unidades de diálisis (AU)


Due to the location of our unit in an important tourist destination, there are many patients who ask us for treatment. Nursing staff face challenges in addition to the clinical nature of the patient, such as language, the different therapeutic handling of patients in dialysis in other countries and the lack of nursing registers to help us develop care plans to guarantee continuity in the therapeutic plain. The aim of the study is to characterise the type of outpatients who received treatment in our haemodialysis unit from May to October in the years 2001 and 2002. An observational, descriptive and retrospective study was made of a total sample of 17 patients. One of our own registers was used in the data collection, divided into three sections: personal data, dialysis tendency and intradialysis complications. One element that is necessary to guarantee the continuity of the nursing care is the outpatients register, which must accompany each person when they travel to other dialysis units (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Unidades Hospitalares de Hemodiálise/ética , Unidades Hospitalares de Hemodiálise/normas , Migrantes/educação , Estudos Retrospectivos , Enfermagem em Nefrologia/educação , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/metabolismo , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/patologia , Terapêutica/métodos , Unidades Hospitalares de Hemodiálise/economia , Unidades Hospitalares de Hemodiálise , Migrantes/classificação , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Enfermagem em Nefrologia/métodos , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/complicações , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/diagnóstico , Terapêutica/instrumentação
6.
Rev. méd. Urug ; 21(3): 231-235, oct. 2005. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-414698

RESUMO

Los pacientes que ingresan a di lisis crónica (DC) tardíamente son una población de alto riesgo, particularmente aquellos que deben iniciar de urgencia el tratamiento dialítico. Desde 1981, m s de 50 por ciento de los pacientes que ingresaron a DC en Uruguay lo hicieron sin preparación previa. El objetivo de este estudio es investigar el número de pacientes que consultaron muy tardíamente entre los incidentes con insuficiencia renal crónica extrema (IRCE), así como la morbimortalidad (MM) y costos asociados a esa condición, en una subpoblación de Uruguay durante 2003. Se incluyeron prospectivamente todos los pacientes incidentes con IRCE. Se identificaron 81 pacientes. Cincuenta y seis pacientes (69,1 por ciento) consultaron muy tardíamente, requirieron 1.120 días de internación (20 días/paciente) y 578 sesiones de hemodi lisis (HD) en servicios de pacientes agudos (10,3 HD/paciente). En este grupo fallecieron cinco pacientes antes de ingresar a DC y nueve pacientes en los seis meses siguientes al ingreso a DC. Veinticinco pacientes (30,9 por ciento), ingresaron coordinados, requirieron 73 días de internación (2,9 días/paciente) en el período de ingreso y ninguno falleció en los primeros seis meses de tratamiento con DC. Los costos por hospitalización en el período de ingreso fueron 4.800 dólares por paciente de consulta muy tardía y 140 dólares por paciente de ingreso coordinado. En conclusión, durante 2003 en la población estudiada la mayoría de los pacientes incidentes con IRCE requirieron HD de urgencia al inicio del tratamiento dialítico. Los días de hospitalización, la MM y los costos de tratamiento fueron muy elevados en relación con los pacientes que ingresaron coordinados.


Assuntos
Diálise/economia , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/economia , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/terapia , Unidades Hospitalares de Hemodiálise/economia
7.
West Indian med. j ; 49(Suppl 2): 20, Apr. 2000.
Artigo em Inglês | MedCarib | ID: med-1001

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess the health service cost of haemodialysis delivered by the Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Barbados. DESIGN AND METHODS: A cost analysis was performed from the viewpoint of the study hospital using the treatment protocols based on current practice. These incorporated procedures to establish dialysis access sites (surgical set up) and dialysis maintenance. Cost and patient data were collected for the period April 1, 1998 to March 31, 1999. Sixty-four patients were studied. Analyzed costs included personnel, drug expenditure, supplies (dialysis and non-dialysis related), inpatient costs, laboratory and other ancillary services, and indirect or overhead costs such as plant, housekeeping, laundry and administration. RESULTS: The final cost per patient year was $37,930.04 in the first year of dialysis and included surgical set-up, and $34,059.08 in the subsequent years (excluding inpatient admissions and treatments for complications). The total cost of dialysis provision for the year excluding surgical set up was $2,178,561.09. The cost per visit was estimated to be $286.95. Direct costs (determined by patient utilization and physician and nurse directives) amounted to 81.8 percent of total cost. The main expenditure sections were dialysis-related supplies, labour and overheads. Cost savings incurred as a result of strict modification of treatment guidelines were estimated. By altering the number of dialysis visits per week and introducing other cost saving measures, such as dialyzer re-use, a savings of $852,176.32 was observed with a full potential savings of $902,218.63. An incremental cost analysis of a service expansion (scenario 1) indicated that the cost savings would be sufficient to provide an additional 3,328 dialysis treatments or visits per year, incorporating 4 additional dialysis machines. CONCLUSIONS: These findings are important in the light of constrained economic resources. However, the outcomes associated with the observed costs must be explored in order to assess the "true value" or cost effectiveness of the current dialysis practice. Therefore, this analysis is but one component of an overall study to review the renal dialysis services in Barbados for the purpose of informing plans for expansion and optimization of services.(Au)


Assuntos
Humanos , Unidades Hospitalares de Hemodiálise/economia , Custos e Análise de Custo , Barbados , Estudo de Avaliação , Pesquisa sobre Serviços de Saúde
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