Percutaneous segmental dilatation of portal stenosis after paediatric liver transplantation to avoid or postpone surgery: two cases and literature review.

PURPOSE: The authors retrospectively reviewed the results obtained with percutaneous treatment of portal stenosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In November 2005 and March 2008, two patients, 15 and 32 months old, underwent portal vein angioplasty at our centre. Both procedures were performed after ultrasound-guided portal vein puncture and measurement of pre- and postanastomotic pressure gradients. The diameters of the angioplasty catheters ranged from 5 to 10 mm and no stents were used. RESULTS: In both cases, it was possible to cross the stenoses, perform angioplasty and obtain an immediate reduction of the pressure gradients. There were no major complications after the procedure. In the first patient, percutaneous treatment allowed us to postpone surgical revision of the anastomosis; in the second case, angioplasty had to be repeated twice over a period of 4 years to finally achieve regular patency of the anastomosis and function of the graft. CONCLUSIONS: Percutaneous treatment of portal stenosis after paediatric liver transplantation is a safe and feasible treatment; if balloon dilatation does not guarantee functional recovery of the organ, it allows surgical revision to be postponed to a later date when the clinical condition is more stable.