Structural brain markers are differentially associated with neurocognitive profiles in socially marginalized people with multimorbid illness.
Neuropsychology
; 31(1): 28-43, 2017 01.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-27643510
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:
The authors examined associations between complementary fronto-temporal structural brain measures (gyrification, cortical thickness) and neurocognitive profiles in a multimorbid, socially marginalized sample.METHOD:
Participants were recruited from single-room occupancy hotels and a downtown community courthouse (N = 299) and grouped on multiple neurocognitive domains using cluster analysis. Subsequently, the authors evaluated whether the fronto-temporal brain indices, and proxy measures of neurodevelopment and acquired brain insult/risk exposure differentiated members of the 3 distinct neurocognitive clusters.RESULTS:
Greater frontal and temporal gyrification and more proxies of aberrant neurodevelopment were associated with the lowest functioning neurocognitive cluster (Cluster 3). Further, for older participants (50+ years), increased cortical thickness in frontal regions was associated with the higher functioning neurocognitive cluster (Cluster 1). Finally, the greatest acquired brain insult/risk exposure was associated with the cluster characterized by selective decision-making impairment (Cluster 2).CONCLUSIONS:
Fronto-temporal structural brain indices, and proxies of neurodevelopment and acquired brain insult/risk exposure were differentially associated with neurocognitive profiles in socially marginalized persons. These findings highlight the unique pathways to neurocognitive impairment in a heterogeneous population and help to clarify the vulnerabilities confronted by different subgroups. (PsycINFO Database Record
Texto completo:
1
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Encéfalo
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Personas con Mala Vivienda
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Comorbilidad
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Toma de Decisiones
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Marginación Social
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Inhibición Psicológica
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Memoria
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Pruebas Neuropsicológicas
Tipo de estudio:
Observational_studies
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Prognostic_studies
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Risk_factors_studies
Límite:
Adult
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Aged
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Female
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Humans
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Male
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Middle aged
Idioma:
En
Año:
2017
Tipo del documento:
Article