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Large 14C excursion in 5480 BC indicates an abnormal sun in the mid-Holocene.
Miyake, Fusa; Jull, A J Timothy; Panyushkina, Irina P; Wacker, Lukas; Salzer, Matthew; Baisan, Christopher H; Lange, Todd; Cruz, Richard; Masuda, Kimiaki; Nakamura, Toshio.
  • Miyake F; Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan; fmiyake@isee.nagoya-u.ac.jp.
  • Jull AJ; Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721.
  • Panyushkina IP; Arizona Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721.
  • Wacker L; Laboratory of Tree Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721.
  • Salzer M; Laboratory of Ion Beam Physics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
  • Baisan CH; Laboratory of Tree Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721.
  • Lange T; Laboratory of Tree Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721.
  • Cruz R; Arizona Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721.
  • Masuda K; Arizona Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721.
  • Nakamura T; Institute for Space-Earth Environmental Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A ; 114(5): 881-884, 2017 01 31.
Article en En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28100493
ABSTRACT
Radiocarbon content in tree rings can be an excellent proxy of the past incoming cosmic ray intensities to Earth. Although such past cosmic ray variations have been studied by measurements of 14C contents in tree rings with ≥10-y time resolution for the Holocene, there are few annual 14C data. There is a little understanding about annual 14C variations in the past, with the exception of a few periods including the AD 774-775 14C excursion where annual measurements have been performed. Here, we report the result of 14C measurements using the bristlecone pine tree rings for the period from 5490 BC to 5411 BC with 1- to 2-y resolution, and a finding of an extraordinarily large 14C increase (20‰) from 5481 BC to 5471 BC (the 5480 BC event). The 14C increase rate of this event is much larger than that of the normal grand solar minima. We propose the possible causes of this event are an unknown phase of grand solar minimum, or a combination of successive solar proton events and a normal grand solar minimum.
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