Intestinal Immune Responses to Type 2 Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV) Challenge in Infants Previously Immunized With Bivalent OPV and Either High-Dose or Standard Inactivated Polio Vaccine.
J Infect Dis
; 217(3): 371-380, 2018 01 17.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-29304199
ABSTRACT
Background:
The impact of inactivated polio vaccines (IPVs) on intestinal mucosal immune responses to live poliovirus is poorly understood.Methods:
In a 2014 phase 2 clinical trial, Panamanian infants were immunized at 6, 10, and 14 weeks of age with bivalent oral polio vaccine (bOPV) and randomized to receive either a novel monovalent high-dose type 2-specific IPV (mIPV2HD) or a standard trivalent IPV at 14 weeks. Infants were challenged at 18 weeks with a monovalent type 2 oral polio vaccine (mOPV2). Infants' intestinal immune responses during the 3 weeks following challenge were investigated by measuring poliovirus type-specific neutralization and immunoglobulin (Ig) A, IgA1, IgA2, IgD, IgG, and IgM antibodies in stool samples.Results:
Despite mIPV2HD's 4-fold higher type 2 polio D-antigen content and heightened serum neutralization profile, mIPV2HD-immunized infants' intestinal immune responses to mOPV2 challenge were largely indistinguishable from those receiving standard IPV. Mucosal responses were tightly linked to evidence of active infection and, in the 79% of participants who shed virus, robust type 2-specific IgA responses and stool neutralization were observed by 2 weeks after challenge.Conclusions:
Enhancing IPV-induced serum neutralization does not substantively improve intestinal mucosal immune responses or limit viral shedding on mOPV2 challenge. Clinical Trials Registration NCT02111135.Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Poliomielitis
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Vacuna Antipolio de Virus Inactivados
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Vacuna Antipolio Oral
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Heces
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Anticuerpos Neutralizantes
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Mucosa Intestinal
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Anticuerpos Antivirales
Tipo de estudio:
Clinical_trials
Límite:
Female
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Humans
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Infant
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Male
Idioma:
En
Año:
2018
Tipo del documento:
Article