Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Reveals Size-Dependent Effects of Polystyrene Microplastics on Immune and Secretory Cell Populations from Zebrafish Intestines.
Environ Sci Technol
; 54(6): 3417-3427, 2020 03 17.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-32092251
ABSTRACT
Microplastics (MPs) as widespread contamination pose a high risk for aquatic organisms. However, the current understanding of MP toxicity is based on cell population-averaged measurements. Our aim was to gain a comprehensive understanding of the size-dependent effects of polystyrene MPs (PS-MPs) on intestinal cell populations in zebrafish and characterize the interplay of MPs, intestinal cells, and intestinal microbiota. Here, we used single-cell RNA sequencing to determine the transcriptome heterogeneity of 12â¯000 intestinal cells obtained from zebrafish exposed to 100 nm, 5 µm, and 200 µm PS-MPs for 21 days. Eight intestinal cell populations were identified. Combined with changes in intestinal microbiota, our findings highlight a previously unrecognized end point that all three sizes of PS-MPs induced dysfunction of intestinal immune cells (including effects on phagosomes and the regulation of immune system processes) and increased the abundance of pathogenic bacteria. However, only 100 nm PS-MPs altered the expression of genes related to phagocyte-produced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and increased mucus secretion by secretory cells. Microsize PS-MPs specifically changed the lysosome (5 µm) and cell surface receptor signaling (200 µm) processes of the macrophages. Our findings pinpoint to cell-specific and size-dependent responses to PS-MPs in fish intestine, which can provide a reference for future study directions.
Texto completo:
1
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Poliestirenos
/
Pez Cebra
Tipo de estudio:
Prognostic_studies
Límite:
Animals
Idioma:
En
Año:
2020
Tipo del documento:
Article