Non-AUG start codons: Expanding and regulating the small and alternative ORFeome.
Exp Cell Res
; 391(1): 111973, 2020 06 01.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-32209305
ABSTRACT
Recent ribosome profiling and proteomic studies have revealed the presence of thousands of novel coding sequences, referred to as small open reading frames (sORFs), in prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes. These genes have defied discovery via traditional genomic tools not only because they tend to be shorter than standard gene annotation length cutoffs, but also because they are, as a class, enriched in sequence properties previously assumed to be unusual, including non-AUG start codons. In this review, we summarize what is currently known about the incidence, efficiency, and mechanism of non-AUG start codon usage in prokaryotes and eukaryotes, and provide examples of regulatory and functional sORFs that initiate at non-AUG codons. While only a handful of non-AUG-initiated novel genes have been characterized in detail to date, their participation in important biological processes suggests that an improved understanding of this class of genes is needed.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Iniciación de la Cadena Peptídica Traduccional
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Ribosomas
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Sistemas de Lectura Abierta
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Genoma
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Codón Iniciador
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Proteoma
Idioma:
En
Año:
2020
Tipo del documento:
Article