Intranasal epinephrine effects on epinephrine pharmacokinetics and heart rate in a nasal congestion canine model.
Respir Res
; 21(1): 78, 2020 Apr 03.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-32245384
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Histamine release and vasodilation during an allergic reaction can alter the pharmacokinetics of drugs administered via the intranasal (IN) route. The current study evaluated the effects of histamine-induced nasal congestion on epinephrine pharmacokinetics and heart rate changes after IN epinephrine.METHODS:
Dogs received 5% histamine or saline IN followed by 4 mg epinephrine IN. Nasal restriction pressure, epinephrine concentration, and heart rate were assessed. Maximum concentration (Cmax), area under plasma concentration-time curve from 1 to 90 min (AUC1-90), and time to reach Cmax (Tmax) were measured. Clinical observations were documented.RESULTS:
In the 12 dogs in this study, nasal congestion occurred at 5-10 min after IN histamine administration versus no nasal congestion after IN saline. After administration of IN epinephrine, IN histamine-mediated nasal congestion was significantly reduced to baseline levels at 60, 80, and 100 min. There were no significant differences in Cmax and AUC1-90 between histamine and saline groups after IN epinephrine delivery (3.5 vs 1.7 ng/mL, p = 0.06, and 117 vs 59 ng/mL*minutes, p = 0.09, respectively). After receiving IN epinephrine, the histamine group had a significantly lower Tmax versus the saline group (6 vs 70 min, respectively; p = 0.02). Following IN epinephrine administration, the histamine group showed rapidly increased heart rate at 5 min, while there was a delayed increase in heart rate (occurring 30-60 min after administration) in the saline group. Clinical observations included salivation and emesis.CONCLUSION:
IN histamine led to more rapid epinephrine absorption and immediately increased heart rate compared with IN saline. IN epinephrine decreased histamine-induced nasal congestion.Palabras clave
Texto completo:
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Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Administración Intranasal
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Epinefrina
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Resistencia de las Vías Respiratorias
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Frecuencia Cardíaca
Límite:
Animals
Idioma:
En
Año:
2020
Tipo del documento:
Article