Increased Protection of Earlier Use of Immunoprophylaxis in Preventing Perinatal Transmission of Hepatitis B Virus.
Clin Infect Dis
; 73(9): e3317-e3323, 2021 11 02.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-32634824
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Passive-active immunoprophylaxis against mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of hepatitis B virus (HBV) recommends administering hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) and birth-dose hepatitis B vaccine in infants within 12 or 24 hours after birth. With this protocol, MTCT of HBV still occurs in 5-10% infants of HBV-infected mothers with positive hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg). The present study aimed to investigate whether earlier administration of HBIG and hepatitis B vaccine after birth can further increase protection efficacy.METHODS:
We conducted a prospective, multi-center observational study in infants born to mothers with HBV infection, in whom neonatal HBIG and birth dose hepatitis B vaccine were administered within one hour after birth. The infants were followed up for HBV markers at 7-14 months of age.RESULTS:
A total of 1140 pregnant women with HBV were enrolled, and 982 infants (9 twins) of 973 mothers were followed up at 9.6 ± 1.9 months of age. HBIG and birth-dose vaccine were administered in newborn infants within a median of 0.17 (0.02-1.0) hours after birth. The overall rate of MTCT was 0.9% (9/982), with none (0%) of the 607 infants of HBeAg-negative mothers and 9 (2.4%) of 375 infants of HBeAg-positive mothers acquiring HBV. All 9 HBV-infected infants were born to mothers with HBV DNA >2.75 × 106 IU/mL. Maternal HBV DNA levels >2 × 106 IU/mL were an independent risk factor (odds ratio, 10.627; 95% confidence interval, 2.135-∞) for immunoprophylaxis failure.CONCLUSIONS:
Earlier use (within 1 hour after birth) of HBIG and hepatitis B vaccine can provide better protection efficacy against MTCT of HBV.Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Complicaciones Infecciosas del Embarazo
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Hepatitis B
Tipo de estudio:
Clinical_trials
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Observational_studies
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Risk_factors_studies
Límite:
Female
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Humans
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Infant
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Newborn
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Pregnancy
Idioma:
En
Año:
2021
Tipo del documento:
Article