Improving health and carbon footprints of European diets using a benchmarking approach.
Public Health Nutr
; 24(3): 565-575, 2021 02.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-32962783
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:
This study aimed to identify diets with improved nutrient quality and environmental impact within the boundaries of dietary practices.DESIGN:
We used Data Envelopment Analysis to benchmark diets for improved adherence to food-based dietary guidelines (FBDG). We then optimised these diets for dietary preferences, nutrient quality and environmental impact. Diets were evaluated using the Nutrient Rich Diet score (NRD15.3), diet-related greenhouse gas emission (GHGE) and a diet similarity index that quantified the proportion of food intake that remained similar as compared with the observed diet.SETTING:
National dietary surveys of four European countries (Denmark, Czech Republic, Italy and France).SUBJECTS:
Approximately 6500 adults, aged 18-64 years.RESULTS:
When dietary preferences were prioritised, NRD15·3 was ~6 % higher, GHGE was ~4 % lower and ~85 % of food intake remained similar. This diet had higher amounts of fruit, vegetables and whole grains than the observed diet. When nutrient quality was prioritised, NRD15·3 was ~16 % higher, GHGE was ~3 % lower and ~72 % of food intake remained similar. This diet had higher amounts of legumes and fish and lower amounts of sweetened and alcoholic beverages. Finally, when environmental impact was prioritised, NRD15·3 was ~9 % higher, GHGE was ~21 % lower and ~73 % of food intake remained similar. In this diet, red and processed meat partly shifted to either eggs, poultry, fish or dairy.CONCLUSIONS:
Benchmark modelling can generate diets with improved adherence to FBDG within the boundaries of dietary practices, but fully maximising health and minimising GHGE cannot be achieved simultaneously.Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Benchmarking
/
Dieta
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Huella de Carbono
Tipo de estudio:
Guideline
/
Prognostic_studies
/
Qualitative_research
Límite:
Adult
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Female
/
Humans
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Male
País como asunto:
Europa
Idioma:
En
Año:
2021
Tipo del documento:
Article