Epigenetic mechanisms underlying enhancer modulation of neuronal identity, neuronal activity and neurodegeneration.
Neurobiol Dis
; 147: 105155, 2021 01.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-33127472
ABSTRACT
Neurodegenerative diseases, including Huntington's disease (HD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD), are progressive conditions characterized by selective, disease-dependent loss of neuronal regions and/or subpopulations. Neuronal loss is preceded by a long period of neuronal dysfunction, during which glial cells also undergo major changes, including neuroinflammatory response. Those dramatic changes affecting both neuronal and glial cells associate with epigenetic and transcriptional dysregulations, characterized by defined cell-type-specific signatures. Notably, increasing studies support the view that altered regulation of transcriptional enhancers, which are distal regulatory regions of the genome capable of modulating the activity of promoters through chromatin looping, play a critical role in transcriptional dysregulation in HD and AD. We review current knowledge on enhancers in HD and AD, and highlight challenging issues to better decipher the epigenetic code of neurodegenerative diseases.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Elementos de Facilitación Genéticos
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Enfermedad de Huntington
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Epigénesis Genética
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Enfermedad de Alzheimer
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Degeneración Nerviosa
Límite:
Animals
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Humans
Idioma:
En
Año:
2021
Tipo del documento:
Article